Abstract:

Crystal particle preparation technology has an irreplaceable role in the fields of chemical engineering, medicine, electronics, biology and so on. The improvement of this technology has always attracted people's attention. In recent years, with the rapid development of chemical process intensification and micro-chemical technology, micro-scale process intensification methods have been widely used in crystal particles preparation and become the research frontier of high-end particle preparation. This article reviews the research progresses of micro-scale enhanced process for particle preparation: focusing on microfluidic module, the principle of microstructure mixer, microfluidic technology to improving micro-mixing efficiency, and its application in nanoparticles drug crystallization and other fields are briefly described. On the micro-force fields, the structure design and visualization study of rotating packed bed, the acoustic cavitation effect represented by ultrasonic field and the application of external force field to the preparation of ultrafine nanoparticles and continuous drug crystallization process are introduced. Further, in view of the micro-scale intensified mass transfer process based on membrane technology, the enhanced mass transfer process of the microporous membrane and the effect of crystal “adhesion-growth-detachment” are analyzed. At the same time, the key structural and process parameters that affect the dispersion mass transfer enhancement process of microporous membrane are explored. The surface renewal mechanism of dense membrane liquid layer to enhance mass transfer and multi-stage membrane operating system that controls preparation of crystalline particles were discussed systematically. Finally, we outline the development trend of crystal particle preparation technology with enhanced mass transfer via microscale processes.

Key words: process intensification, micro-scale, particle preparation, membrane crystallization, nucleation, mixing

摘要：

结晶颗粒制备技术在化工、医药、电子、生物等领域具有不可替代的作用。近年来，随着化工过程强化和微化工技术的快速发展，基于微尺度的过程强化方法在晶体颗粒制备过程中得到广泛的应用，成为高端颗粒制备的前沿技术。本文系统综述了该领域的研究进展：围绕微流控组件，简述微结构混合器、微流体技术对提高微观混合效率的原理及其在纳米材料、药物结晶等领域的应用；围绕微尺度力场，综述超重力旋转填充床的结构设计、可视化研究，超声场为代表的声空化效应及外加力场对超细纳米颗粒制备和药物连续结晶过程的应用；进一步，针对新型膜微尺度传质强化过程，分析微孔膜材料强化传质过程以及膜表面的晶体颗粒“黏附-生长-脱落”运动行为，阐明影响微孔膜分散传质强化过程的关键结构和过程参数，系统论述致密膜液层强化传质的表面更新机制和控制结晶颗粒制备的多级膜操作系统。最后，展望微尺度过程传质强化的结晶颗粒制备技术发展趋势。

关键词: 过程强化, 微尺度, 颗粒制备, 膜结晶, 成核, 混合