Abstract:

Lithium and its compounds are important strategic resources for the national economy and national defense construction. It has important applications in the fields of energy storage batteries, fine chemicals, and atomic energy thermonuclear fusion. China is a major consumer and producer of lithium resources, but our lithium consumption is more than 70% dependent on foreign sources. At the same time, lithium resources in China are mainly stored in salt lake brines in the western region. The problems of low lithium concentration and high magnesium-to-lithium ratio have increased the difficulties of lithium extraction. In view of the existing problems of lithium extraction from salt lakes in China, this article systematically summarizes the traditional methods for extracting lithium resources from salt lakes, and focuses on the important progress of new membrane separation materials and membrane separation processes in the efficient extraction of lithium from salt lake brines, especially the latest achievements made by Chinese researchers.

Key words: separation, membrane, selectivity, lithium, salt lake

摘要：

锂及其化合物是国民经济和国防建设的重要战略资源，在储能电池、精细化工、原子能热核聚变等领域有着重要应用。中国是锂资源消耗与生产大国，但我国锂消费量对外依存度达70%以上，同时我国锂资源主要储存在西部地区的盐湖卤水中，低锂浓度、高镁锂比的问题提升了盐湖提锂的难度。针对我国盐湖提锂现存的问题，本文系统总结了盐湖锂资源分离提取常见的传统方法，并重点阐述了新型膜分离材料及新型膜分离过程在盐湖卤水高效提锂方面的重要进展，特别是我国科研工作者在盐湖提锂应用中所取得的最新成果。

关键词: 分离, 膜, 选择性, 锂, 盐湖