Advances on continuous synthesis of topological polymers in microreactors

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20221283

Abstract

Abstract:

The development of polymers with complex topological chain structures has greatly enriched the varieties and properties of polymeric materials, and microreactor technology provides a powerful platform for the regulation of polymer topology structures. This paper first briefly introduces the background of the structure and properties of topological polymers, synthesis methods and the theoretical basis of micro-reaction technology. Then, the applications of microreactor technology in polymer synthesis are systematically expounded, focusing on the research progress on the continuous synthesis of branched polymers and the advantages of continuous-flow operation with microreactors over the batch process. Moreover, the technical difficulties and improvement schemes of synthesizing complex topological polymers with the use of microreactors are analyzed. Finally, the research directions about basic research, engineering scale-up, and product applications are prospected.

Key words: microreactor, polymer material, topology structure, kinetics, polymerization

摘要：

含复杂拓扑链结构的聚合物的发展极大地丰富了高分子材料的种类与性能，而微反应技术为聚合物拓扑结构的调控提供了一个强有力的平台。本文首先对拓扑聚合物的结构性能、合成方法及微反应技术的理论基础等背景作简要介绍，然后对微反应技术在聚合物合成领域的应用作系统的阐述，重点集中于连续制备支链型聚合物的研究进展及微反应器操作相对于间歇过程的优势等。进一步地，分析了微反应器合成复杂拓扑结构聚合物的技术难点及改进方案，最后从基础研究、工程放大、产品应用等研究方向进行展望。

关键词: 微反应器, 高分子材料, 拓扑结构, 动力学, 聚合

CLC Number:

TQ 052

Liang XIANG, Zihao ZHONG, Yuanhai SU. Advances on continuous synthesis of topological polymers in microreactors[J]. CIESC Journal, 2022, 73(12): 5275-5288.

向亮, 钟子豪, 苏远海. 微反应器内连续制备拓扑结构聚合物的研究进展[J]. 化工学报, 2022, 73(12): 5275-5288.

Figures/Tables 8

Table 1 Categories of polymer chain architectures［3］

结构

分类

一级结构

Functionality

(单体与功能基团)

二级结构

Composition

Sequence

(组成序列)

三级结构

Topology

(拓扑)

Fig.1 Structure-property relationships of branched polymers and related applications[29]

Fig.2 Preparation of multicolor quantum-dot-encoded core-shell microparticles in a microfluidic platform[46]

Fig.3 (a) Computer-aided droplet-flow setup for photopolymerization; (b) Process for the synthesis of gradient copolymers via the droplet-flow photopolymerization based on the monomer diffusion[64]

Fig.4 Schematic comparison of branched polymer synthesis in batch and microreactors[71]

Fig.5 Schematic overview of the cascade microreactor system for the continuous synthesis of stimuli-responsive star polymers, and the products were used to support the Au catalyst[78]

Fig.6 Selective production of hyperbranched or grafted polymers by switching light sources in microreactors[81]

Fig.7 Preparation of cyclic polymers under batch and continuous-flow reaction conditions[83]

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