Construction of CO2 decompression wave propagation model based on method of characteristics and research on crack arrest wall thickness

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20230943

Abstract

Abstract:

Based on the method of characteristics and combined with the S-W equation describing the CO₂ state, a propagation model of decompression wave was constructed. The simulation results of decompression wave velocity were compared with the industrial-scale experimental results to verify the reliability of the model. Using the constructed decompression wave model and the HLP model proposed by the Japan High Strength Pipeline Research Committee (HLP), the decompression wave velocity and crack propagation velocity of X65 and X70 pipe steel during one-dimensional supercritical CO₂ pipeline leakage under different initial pressures or temperatures were simulated and compared to explore the impact of initial pressure or temperature changes on the initial decompression wave velocity and the minimum wall thickness for crack arrest. The results show that the velocity of the decompression wave is approximately equal to the sound velocity under the initial conditions, so an increase in initial pressure and a decrease in temperature (increase in sound velocity) will increase the propagation speed of the decompression wave. When the initial pressure increased from 7.5 MPa to 9.5 MPa, the initial decompression wave velocity (0.01 s) increased by 53%, and the minimum wall thickness of X65 and X70 pipe steel for minimum wall thickness for crack arrest decreased by 13% and 14%, respectively. When the initial temperature decreased from 45℃ to 35℃, the velocity of the decompression wave increased by 56%, and the minimum wall thickness of X65 and X70 tube steels for minimum wall thickness for crack arrest decreased by 20% and 19%, respectively. When the working pressure is both lower than 8.0 MPa (working temperature is 35℃), or the working temperature is higher than 41℃ and 39℃ (working pressure is 9.0 MPa), the X65 and X70 pipe steel wall thickness calculated by GB 150—2011 does not have the ability to stop cracking.

Key words: CCUS technology, supercritical carbon dioxide, decompression wave, model, method of characteristics

摘要：

基于特征线法并结合描述CO₂状态的S-W方程，构建了减压波传播模型。将减压波波速模拟结果与工业规模实验结果对比，验证了模型的可靠性。采用构建的减压波模型与日本高强度管道研究委员会（HLP）提出的HLP模型，分别对不同初始压力或温度下一维超临界CO₂管道泄漏过程中减压波波速及X65和X70管钢裂纹扩展速度进行模拟计算与比较，以探究初始压力或温度变化对初期减压波速及管道止裂最小壁厚的影响。结果表明：减压波速近似等于初始条件下的声速，故初始压力升高和温度降低（声速上升）会提高减压波的传播速度；当初始压力由7.5 MPa升至9.5 MPa，初期减压波速（0.01 s）上升了53%，X65和X70管钢止裂最小壁厚分别减少了13%和14%；当初始温度由45℃降至35℃时减压波速上升了56%，X65和X70管钢止裂最小壁厚分别减少了20%和19%；当工作压力都低于8.0 MPa（工作温度为35℃）或工作温度分别高于41℃和39℃（工作压力为9.0 MPa）时，由GB 150—2011所计算X65和X70管钢壁厚不具备止裂能力。

关键词: 碳捕获、利用与封存技术, 超临界二氧化碳, 减压波, 模型, 特征线法

CLC Number:

X 937

Yifan HE, Shuai YU, Xingqing YAN, Jianliang YU. Construction of CO₂ decompression wave propagation model based on method of characteristics and research on crack arrest wall thickness[J]. CIESC Journal, 2023, 74(12): 5038-5047.

赫一凡, 于帅, 闫兴清, 喻健良. 基于特征线法的CO₂减压波传播模型构建及止裂壁厚研究[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(12): 5038-5047.

Figures/Tables 16

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of pipeline

Fig.2 Grid independence analysis

Fig.3 Propagation positions of decompression waves with different spatial steps

Table 1 Experimental conditions

序号

CO₂纯度/

%(体积分数)

泄放

口径/mm

初始

压力/MPa

初始

温度/℃

Table 2 Distribution of high-frequency pressure sensors

测点	距泄漏口距离/m
P₁	10.4
P₂	13.5
P₃	22.3
P₄	54.2
P₅	62.1
P₆	108.8
P₇	116.8
P₈	162.0

Fig.4 Simulation and experimental decompression wave propagation images of Test 1 and Test 2

Table 3 Decompression wave speed and relative error of Test 1

位置	距离/m	实验平均减压波速/(m/s)	模拟平均减压波速/(m/s)	相对误差/%
P₁-P₂	3.1	193.75	193.75	0
P₁-P₄	43.7	199.54	202.31	1.4
P₁-P₆	98.4	199.19	202.05	1.4
P₁-P₇	106.4	198.88	201.89	1.5

Table 4 Decompression wave speed and relative error of Test 2

位置	距离/m	实验平均减压波速/(m/s)	模拟平均减压波速/(m/s)	相对误差/%
P₁-P₂	3.1	182.35	193.75	6.3
P₁-P₄	43.7	189.18	207.11	9.5
P₁-P₆	98.4	188.51	206.72	9.7
P₁-P₇	106.4	187.99	205.8	9.5

Fig.5 Propagation curves and wave velocities of decompression waves at different initial pressures (0.01 s)

Fig.6 Schematic diagram of initial wave velocity of decompression wave

Fig.7 Propagation curves and wave velocities of decompression waves at different initial temperatures (0.01 s)

Table 5 Basic mechanical parameters of X65 and X70

牌号	屈服强度σ_YS/MPa		抗拉强度σ_TS/MPa
牌号	最小值	最大值	最小值	最大值
X65	450	570	535	760
X70	485	605	570	760

Table 6 Minimum crack stopping thickness for X65 and X70 under different working pressures（35℃）

初始压力(工作压力)/MPa	最小壁厚/mm
初始压力(工作压力)/MPa	X65	X70
7.5	3.9	3.7
8.0	3.7	3.5
8.5	3.6	3.4
9.0	3.6	3.4
9.5	3.4	3.2

Table 7 Minimum crack stopping thickness for X65 and X70 at different operating temperatures（9.0 MPa）

初始温度(工作温度)/℃	最小壁厚/mm
初始温度(工作温度)/℃	X65	X70
35	3.6	3.4
37	3.9	3.6
39	4.1	3.8
41	4.2	3.9
43	4.3	4.1
45	4.5	4.2

Table 8 Calculated thickness for different working pressures of X65 and X70

初始压力(工作压力)/MPa	计算厚度/mm
初始压力(工作压力)/MPa	X65	X70
7.5	3.5	3.2
8.0	3.7	3.4
8.5	3.9	3.6
9.0	4.2	3.8
9.5	4.4	4.0

Fig.8 Design flow chart

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Construction of CO₂ decompression wave propagation model based on method of characteristics and research on crack arrest wall thickness

基于特征线法的CO₂减压波传播模型构建及止裂壁厚研究

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