Abstract:

The activated carbon fiber (ACF) felt with H₃PO₄ pretreatment was used as raw materials, adopting dipping calcination method to prepare Al₂O₃/ACF composite electrode materials. The micro-structure and electrochemical performance of the activated carbon fiber before and after loaded with Al₂O₃ were characterized by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller gas adsorption method (BET), X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), respectively, and then using homemade improvised electric adsorption desalination device to test the electric adsorption performance for NaCl model wastewater. The results showed that Al₂O₃/ACF composite electrode materials were prepared with success by adopting the dipping calcination method. There was flocculent or granulate Al₂O₃ in the surface and pores of Al₂O₃/ACF complex, and the specific surface area was decreased from 1244.37 m²·g^-1 to 974.59 m²·g^-1. Meanwhile, the content of Al was 1.06% and Al₂O₃ with amorphous was existed on the surface of activated carbon fiber. The Al-O bonds were found on the surface of Al₂O₃/ACF electrode materials with increasing specific capacitance of 76.5% in comparison with the original activated carbon electrode. After loaded Al₂O_3, the electric double layer capacity of ACF electrode materials was increased, the electric adsorption performance was improved, the desalination efficiency was promoted more than 2.3 times as original and the electrode was reproducible. Al₂O₃/ACF composite materials can be used as the electrode materials for the removal of the inorganic ions in wastewater.

Key words: dipping calcination method, preparation, alumina, composites, electric adsorption

摘要：

以H₃PO₄预处理后的活性炭纤维(ACF)毡为原料,采用浸渍煅烧法制备Al₂O₃/ACF复合电极材料;通过扫描电镜(SEM)、比表面积及孔径分析仪(BET)、X射线衍射(XRD)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、傅里叶红外光谱分析仪(FTIR)对负载Al₂O₃前后活性炭纤维的微观结构与电化学性能进行表征,利用自制的电吸附装置对NaCl模拟废水进行电吸附性能测试。结果表明,采用浸渍煅烧法成功制备了Al₂O₃/ACF复合电极材料,Al₂O₃/ACF复合体表面及孔道中有絮状或颗粒状的Al₂O₃存在,比表面积从1244.37 m²·g^-1降为974.59 m²·g^-1;同时,Al元素含量为1.06%,Al₂O₃以无晶相无定形态存在于纤维表面;Al₂O₃/ACF表面形成一些Al O键的官能团,其比电容比ACF提高76.5%。负载Al₂O₃后的ACF电极材料电吸附性能增强,除盐效率较ACF原样电极提升了2.3倍,且电极具有可再生性。Al₂O₃/ACF复合材料可以作为电极材料用于去除废水中的无机盐离子。

关键词: 浸渍煅烧法, 制备, 氧化铝, 复合材料, 电吸附