Abstract:

Carbon-based solid acids were prepared by using different biomass carbon sources. The effect of the carbonization temperature, sulfonation condition and type of biomass on the acid amount, surface structure and catalytic activity of the hydrolysis of cellulose were studied. The results indicated that the acid amount of the carbon-based solid acid obtained depended mainly on the carbonization temperature or essentially the carbonization degree of the biomass. The structural information of these solid acids were investigated by using XRD, BET, FT-IR and SEM. Under the same carbonization and sulfonation condition, the carbon-based solid acids prepared by using different biomasses gave a very similar acid amount but a quite different microstructure, leading to an obvious difference in the catalytic activity. The carbon-based solid acid produced from bamboo powder (BBC-SO₃H) showed a better catalytic activity in the hydrolysis of cellulose than the acids from other studied biomasses. After carbonizing bamboos at 400℃ for 3 h and then sulfonating the carbonized bamboos at 180℃ for 8 h, the resulting solid acid gave a total acid amount of 5.34 mmol·g^-1 and a sulfonic acid amount of 1.25 mmol·g^-1, respectively.

Key words: biomass, carbon-based solid acid, cellulose, hydrolysis, catalyst

摘要：

对炭化温度、磺化条件以及不同碳源等因素对生物质碳磺酸的酸量、表面结构及催化纤维素水解活性的影响进行了系统研究,并采用XRD、BET、 FT-IR和SEM等对碳磺酸的微观特征进行了分析,发现合适的炭化温度和炭化程度是制备高酸量碳磺酸的关键,在相同的炭化和磺化条件下,用不同生物质碳源制备得到碳磺酸的酸量接近,微观结构不同对纤维素水解催化活性有一定影响。在本文研究的几种碳磺酸中,具有蜂窝大孔结构的竹炭碳磺酸呈现比较突出的催化活性。将竹粉在400℃炭化3 h,然后在180℃下磺化8 h,得到竹炭碳磺酸的总酸量和磺酸量分别可达5.34和1.25 mmol·g^-1。

关键词: 生物质, 碳磺酸, 纤维素, 水解, 催化剂