Abstract:

Lignin derived from lignocellulose is a renewable resource for the production of chemicals and fuels. However, due to its highly irregular polymeric structure and the carbon based inactive property, lignin valorization is very difficult. Lignin is usually viewed as a waste by-product in the current biorefinery processes and most of the lignin is burned to produce heat and power for the biorefinery processes. There were a series of studies on the lignin conversion such as depolymerization over acid or base, pyrolysis, hydroprocessing and oxygenation. The degradation of lignin over hydroprocessing was the most efficient method to produce alkane fuels and high value-added chemicals such as phenols. However, there were some problems remained to be solved such as catalyst deactivation and low yield. This review focuses on the catalytic systems for lignin hydroprocessing and current challenges in order to provide a reference for efficient and large-scale application of lignin.

Key words: biomass, lignin, catalyst, hydrogenation, degradation

摘要：

木质素是来源于木质纤维素的一种重要的可再生生物质资源，可用于制备化学品和燃料。由于木质素本身结构的复杂性和稳定性使其难以有效利用。目前大量的制浆和造纸工业的木质素没有得到有效利用，大部分用于燃烧供能，并且造成了一定程度的环境污染。为了保护环境、实现可持续发展，催化转化木质素制备高附加值化学品成为了研究的热点。木质素转化的研究众多，但是进展依然相对缓慢。目前主要的转化方法包括碱催化解聚、酸催化解聚、热化学转化、加氢处理解聚、氧化解聚等。由于加氢处理解聚木质素可以获得低聚木质素、酚类等有价值的化学品和制备烃类燃料，是目前研究的热点和最有效的方法之一。但是，催化剂失活和解聚产物产率不高等依然是需要进一步解决的问题。基于此，梳理了近年来木质素加氢处理主要的催化体系和相关结果，提出了尚待解决的问题，以期为今后建立有效的木质素解聚体系并实现其高值化利用的相关研究提供参考。

关键词: 生物质, 木质素, 催化剂, 加氢, 降解