Abstract:

Hierarchical porous polypyrrole films have been successfully prepared by interfacial self-assembly polymerization with assistance of the long-chain surfactant OP10. The molecular structure, micromorphology and electrochemical performance of obtained polypyrrole were characterized. The results showed that introducing OP10 into interfacial polymerization had no effect on the molecular structure of obtained polypyrrole but a significant impact on its micromorphology. When the dosage of OP10 was optimized at 0.02 g, polypyrrole could self-assemble to form a hierarchical porous structure including nanopores (~100 nm), submicron pores (200-1000 nm) and micron pores (1-3.5 μm). Because of relatively larger active surface area and higher total pore volume, hierarchical porous polypyrrole, as the electrode material, possessed a maximum specific capacitance up to 357 F·g^-1 which is 70% higher than that prepared by traditional interfacial synthesis at the same conditions. Furthermore, 87.6% of the initial specific capacitance was still retained even after 2000 charge-discharge cycles, indicating the excellent cycling stability of the prepared polypyrrole.

Key words: interfacial polymerization, polypyrrole, surfactants, microstructure, self-assembly, electrochemistry

摘要：

通过界面自组装聚合，在长链表面活性剂OP10的辅助下成功制备了分级多孔结构聚吡咯膜。对所得聚吡咯的分子结构、微观形貌和电化学性能分别进行了表征和研究。结果表明：界面聚合中引入OP10对聚吡咯的分子结构并没有影响，但对其微观形貌却具有重要作用。当OP10的用量优化为0.02 g时，聚吡咯可自组装形成分级多孔结构，既有纳米孔（约100 nm），也有亚微米孔（200~1000 nm）和微米孔（1~3.5 μm）。由于相对较高的活性表面积和总孔体积，分级多孔聚吡咯作为电极材料最大比电容可达357 F·g^-1，比相同条件下传统界面法制备的聚吡咯高70%以上。此外，2000次充放电循环后该材料仍保持初始比电容的87.6%，表明其优异的循环稳定性。

关键词: 界面聚合, 聚吡咯, 表面活性剂, 显微结构, 自组装, 电化学