Stress corrosion cracking behavior of 16Mn steel and heat-affected zone in alkaline sulfide with different concentrations

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0438-1157.2013.11.035

Abstract

Abstract: This research aims to study the stress corrosion cracking(SCC)behavior and its mechanism of 16Mn steel and heat-affected zone in alkaline(pH=11.7)sulfide solution with different concentrations using electrochemical technology and U-bent specimen immersing test.Original structure,coarse grain structure(air cooling structure)and hardening structure(quenching structure)turned into the state of passivation in alkaline sulfide solution,and the current density of passivation decreased gradually.The current density of hydrogen evolution of hardening organization was higher and corrosion rate was slower.And the corrosion near the fusion line part was deeper and the residual tensile stress area was exposed after long-term service,which caused stress corrosion cracking.The sensitivity of SCC lowered gradually when hardening organization,open grain structure and original structure of HAZ were in alkaline sulfide environment.Hardening structure exhibited high susceptibility to SCC.Coarse grain structure and original structure exhibited low susceptibility to SCC.The susceptibility increased by increasing the concentration of H₂S.The SCC mechanism of 16Mn steel was anodic dissolution(AD)and was intergranular fracturing when it was in the solution of alkaline sulfide.

Key words: 16Mn steel, sulfide, alkaline, stress corrosion cracking, corrosion

摘要： 利用U形弯试样浸泡实验和电化学技术研究了16Mn钢及其模拟热影响区在不同硫化物浓度的碱性(pH=11.7)介质中的应力腐蚀开裂(SCC)行为与机理。结果表明:16Mn钢原始组织、粗晶组织(空冷组织)和硬化组织(淬火组织)在碱性硫化物环境中均能形成保护性腐蚀产物膜、导致电极过程近似呈钝化状态,钝化电流密度依次降低;淬火组织析氢电流密度较高,腐蚀速度较低,长期服役后会造成靠近熔合线部分腐蚀深度大而暴露出残余拉应力区,引起SCC;HAZ中硬化组织、粗晶组织和原始组织在碱性硫化物环境下SCC敏感性逐渐降低,硬化组织具有较明显的SCC敏感性,粗晶组织和原始组织SCC敏感性小;硫化物浓度升高,16Mn钢及其模拟热影响区SCC敏感性增加;16Mn钢焊缝区在碱性硫化物环境中SCC裂纹扩展机制为阳极溶解机制。

关键词: 16Mn钢, 硫化物, 碱性, 应力腐蚀开裂, 腐蚀

CLC Number:

TG172.4

HAO Wenkui, LIU Zhiyong, DU Cuiwei, LI Xiaogang. Stress corrosion cracking behavior of 16Mn steel and heat-affected zone in alkaline sulfide with different concentrations[J]. CIESC Journal, 2013, 64(11): 4143-4152.

郝文魁, 刘智勇, 杜翠薇, 李晓刚. 不同硫化物浓度碱性溶液中16Mn钢及热影响区应力腐蚀行为[J]. 化工学报, 2013, 64(11): 4143-4152.

References 35

[1]	Turnbull A,Nimmo B.Stress corrosion testing of welded supermartensitic stainless steels for oil and gas pipelines[J].Corr.Eng.Sci.Tech.,2005,40(2):103-110
[2]	Liu Xiaochun(刘晓春),Liu Feng(刘锋),Li Rongqiang(李荣强).Corrosion analysis and control techniques of atmospheric-vacuum distillation units[J].Chemical Engineering & Equipment(化学工程与装备),2010,10:44-46
[3]	Veloz M A,Gonzalez I.Electrochemical study of carbon steel corrosion in buffered acetic acid solutions with chlorides and H2S[J].Electrochimica Acta,2002,48:135-143
[4]	Ma H Y,Cheng X L,Li G Q.The influence of hyrogen sulfide on corrosion of iron under different conditions[J].Corros.Sci.,2000,42(10):1669-1683
[5]	Shoesmith D W,Bailey M G,Ikeda B.Electrochemical formation of mackinawite in alkaline sulphide solutions[J].Electrochim.Acta,1978,23:1329
[6]	Shoesmith D W,Taylor P,Bailey M G,Ikeda B. Electrochemical behaviour of iron in alkaline sulphide solutions[J].Electrochim.Acta,1978,23:903
[7]	Yang Huaiyu(杨怀玉),Chen Jiajian(陈家坚),Cao Chunan(曹楚南).Study on corrosion and inhibition mechanism in H2S aqueous solutions[J].Chin. Soc. Corros.Prot.(中国腐蚀与防护学报),2000,20(1):8-14
[8]	Bouet J.Corrosion products of mild steel in H2S environments[J].Compts.Rendus.,1963,256:1973
[9]	Salvarezza R C,VidelaH A,Arvia A J.The electrodissolution and passivation of mild steel in alkaline sulphide solutions[J].Corros.Sci.,1982,22:815
[10]	Vera J,Kapusta S,Hackerman N J.Localized corrosion of iron in alkaline sulfide solutions[J].J. Electrochem. Soc.,1986,133(3):461
[11]	Gupta D V S.Corrosion behavior of 1040 carbon steel[J].Corr.,1981,37:611
[12]	Liu Liewei(刘烈炜),Hu Qian(胡倩),Guo Feng(郭沨).Study on destroy process of 1Cr18Ni9Ti stainless steel surface passive film by hydrogen sulfide[J].Chin. Soc. Corros.Prot.(中国腐蚀与防护学报),2002, 22:22-26
[13]	Ramanarayanan T A,Smith S N.Corrosion of iron in gaseous environments and in gas saturated aqueous environments[J].Corr.,1990,43(11):4001-4009
[14]	Domizzi G,Anteri G,Ovejiero-Garcia J.Influence of sulphur content and inclusion distribution on the hydrogen induced blister cracking in pressure vessel and pipeline steels[J].Corros.Sci.,2001,9:326-339
[15]	Rocchini G A.Computerized tool for corrosion rate monitoring[J].Corrosion,1987,6:624-628
[16]	Justice R H,Mackenzie J D.Progress in the control of stress corrosion cracking in a 914-mm-OD gas transmission pipeline//Proc NG-19/EPRG 70 h Biennial Joint Meg on Line Pipe Research[C].American,1988
[17]	Smanio V,Kittel J,Fregonese M,Cassagne T,Normand B,Ropital F.Acoustic emission monitoring of wet H2S cracking of line pipe steels:application to hydrogen-induced cracking and stress-oriented hydrogen-induced cracking[J].Corros.Sci.,2011,67:1-12
[18]	Panossian Z,Almeida N L,Raquel Maria F.Corrosion of carbon steel pipes and tanks by concentrated sulfuric acid:a review[J].Corros.Sci.,2012,58:1-11
[19]	Liu Zhiyong(刘智勇),Dong Chaofang(董超芳).Stress corrosion cracking behavior of 35CrMo and 00Cr13Ni5Mo steels in hydrogen sulfide solutions[J].Journal of Chemical Industry and Engineering(China)(化工学报),2008,59(10):2561-2567
[20]	Li Ming(李明),Li Xiaogang(李晓刚),Chen Gang(陈钢),Hu Yang(胡洋),Xue Guangting(薛光亭).Evaluation for sulfide stress corrosion cracking of cold-high pressure segregator[J].Journal of Chemical Industry and Engineering(China)(化工学报),2006,57(12):2997-3004
[21]	Huang H H,Tsai W T,Lee J T.Electrochemical behavior of the simulated heat-affected zone of A516 carbon steel in H2S solution[J].Electrochim.Acta,1996,41:1191-1199
[22]	Vedage H,Ramanarayanan T A,Mumford J D,Smith S N.Electrochemical growth of iron sulfide films in H2S-saturated chloride media[J].Corrosion,1993,49:114-121
[23]	Liu Zhiyong(刘智勇),Li Ming(李明),Li Xiaogang(李晓刚).Stress corrosion crack of 16Mn steel in wet sulfureted hydrogen environment[J].Chin. Soc. Corros. Prot.(中国腐蚀与防护学报),2006,26:360-365
[24]	Boellinghaus T.Hydrogen assisted cracking of supermartensitic stainless steels//International Conference on Hydrogen Effects on Material Behaviour and Corrosion Deformation Interactions[C].Moran,2003:1009
[25]	Qiao L,Mao X.Thermodynamic analysis on the role of hydrogen in anodic stress corrosion cracking[J].Acta. Metal. Mater.,1995,43(11):4001-4008
[26]	Nicholas M M,Seefeldt R.Additive-effects during plating in acid tin methane sulfonate electrolytes[J].Electrochimica Acta,2004,49(25):4303-4311
[27]	Suh M S,Park C J,Kwon H S.Effects of plating parameters on alloy composition and microstructure of Sn-Bi electrodeposits from methane sulphonate bath[J].Surface and Coatings Technology,2006,200(1-1):3 527-3532
[28]	Tang J W,Shao Y,Guo J.The effect of H2S concentration on the corrosion behavior of carbon steel at 90℃[J].Corros.Sci.,2010,52:2050-2058
[29]	Aezola S,Genesca J.The effect of H2S concentration on the corrosion behavior of API 5L X-70 steel[J].Solid State Electrochem.,2005,8:197-200
[30]	Ma H Y,Cheng X L,Chen S H.Theoretical interpretation on impedance spectra for anodic iron dissolution in acidic solutions containing hydrogen sulfide[J].Corrosion,1998,54:634-640
[31]	Ma H,Cheng X,Li G,Chen S,Quan Z,Zhao S,Niu L.The influence of hydrogen sulfide on corrosion of iron under different conditions[J].Corros.Sci.,2000,42:1669-1683
[32]	Chen Y Y,Liou Y M,Shi H C.Stress corrosion cracking of type 321 stainless steels in simulated petrochemical process environments containing hydrogen sulfide and chloride[J].Mater.Sci.Eng.A,2005,407:114-152
[33]	Srinivasan P B,Sharkawy S W,Dietzel W.Hydrogen assisted stress-cracking behaviour of electron beam welded supermartensitic stainless steel weldments[J].Mater. Sci.Eng.A.,2004,385:6-14
[34]	Zhao Mingchun(赵明纯),Shan Yiyin(单以银),Li Yumei(李玉梅).Effect of microstructure on sulfide stress corrosion cracking of pipeline steels[J].Acta.Metall.Sin.(金属学报),2001,37(10):1087-1092
[35]	Li Ming(李明),Li Xiaogang(李晓刚),Liu Zhiyong(刘智勇).Experimental investigation on sulfide stress corrosion cracking of 16Mn hydrogen induced cracking resistance steel[J].Journal of University Science and Technology Beijing(北京科技大学学报),2007,29(3):282-287