Abstract: The principles and typical process of synthesis of liquid fuels from indirect coal liquefaction are discussed. The development history and recent advances in indirect coal liquefaction technology are reviewed. The process routes and critical issues, including gasifier, Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reactor and catalyst are also discussed. The technical economics of the process is analyzed and its commercialization development prospect is presented. The analysis shows that constructing commercial scale indirect coal liquefaction plant is not only technically and economically feasible, but also promoting commercialization of indirect coal liquefaction technology and accelerating the formation of China’s technology and industry of energy source conversion.

Key words: indirect coal liquefaction, Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, reactor, catalyst

摘要： 介绍了煤经合成气间接液化合成液体燃料的原理及典型工艺。综述了煤间接液化技术的发展历程及其最新进展，讨论了国内外煤间接液化技术的工艺流程，重点介绍了煤间接液化过程中的核心问题，主要包括气化炉、费托合成反应器和费托合成催化剂，分析了煤间接液化的技术经济性以及对煤间接液化的工业应用前景进行了展望。分析表明：具有我国自主知识产权的煤间接液化技术建设100万吨级以上工业化装置在技术上可靠、经济上可行，且100万吨级工业化项目的成功实施将带动我国煤间接液化技术的产业化进程，加快形成具有中国特色的能源转化技术和产业。

关键词: 煤间接液化, 费托合成, 反应器, 催化剂