Abstract:

Flow battery has outstanding features of high safety, high cost performance, long lifespan and great environmental friendliness, very suited for large-scale energy storage. A typical flow battery is composed of the electrodes, the membrane, the electrolytes and so forth. Among them, a membrane plays the role in avoiding the crossover of active species in different electrolytes while conducting charge carriers to form a complete electrical circuit simultaneously. Consequently, the membrane properties and price exert significant effects on the performance and cost of flow batteries. However, the commonly used commercial per-fluorinated sulfonated ion exchange membranes have low selectivity and high cost, while the highly selective and low-cost non-fluorinated ion exchange membranes have poor chemical stability because of the existence of ion exchange groups. As a result, porous ion conducting membrane without ion exchange groups was introduced into flow batteries, which was based on the “ion sieving conducting” mechanism to avoid the transference of active species and conduct charge carriers at the same time. Consequently, porous ion conducting membranes generally have high stability, high selectivity and high conductivity. Moreover, up to now, many modifying strategies have been proposed to tune the structure and optimize the performance of porous ion conducting membranes. The large-scale quantity production of high-performance and low-cost porous ion conducting membranes has also been achieved. In this review, various modifying strategies of porous ion conducting membranes will be overviewed based on their research and development in flow batteries. Therefore, this review will provide significant theoretical instructions to further tune the structure and optimize the performance of porous ion conducting membranes in flow batteries.

Key words: renewable energy, separation, flow battery, membrane

摘要：

液流电池具有安全性高、性价比高、寿命长、环境友好等特点，是大规模储能的首选技术之一。离子传导膜是液流电池的关键材料之一，其性质和成本与液流电池储能系统的性能和成本直接相关。多孔离子传导膜基于“尺寸筛分”效应实现对活性物质的隔离和对载流子的传导，具有选择性高、离子传导性高和稳定性好等特点，在液流电池中具有良好的应用前景。通过多孔离子传导膜的结构调控，可以进一步优化多孔离子传导膜的选择性、传导性等性能，从而推动液流电池的产业化。本文基于多孔离子传导膜的研究进展，总结不同多孔离子传导膜的修饰策略，包括成膜参数的调节、混合基质多孔离子传导膜的制备、 复合多孔离子传导膜的制备和后处理，为离子传导膜进一步的结构调控和性能优化提供理论指导。

关键词: 再生能源, 分离, 液流电池, 膜