Abstract:

Lead carbon battery is a new type of lead-acid battery, to a certain extent, lead carbon batteries can inhibit the irreversible sulfation phenomenon of the negative electrode under the high-rate partial charge state (HRPSoC). However, due to the addition of carbon, lead carbon batteries may have problems such as hydrogen evolution, and how to further inhibit irreversible sulfation of the negative electrode is still a problem faced by lead carbon batteries. In this paper, the sol-gel method was used to prepare the C/ZnO composites of camellia oleifera shell, XRD, SEM, BET, EDS, electrochemical measurement and other methods were used to characterize and analyse the composite materials. The results show that ZnO is successfully coated on the surface of the carbon materials, and the optimal mass ratio of Zn(Ac)₂∶camellia oleifera shell carbon material is 1∶5.69, at this mass ratio, the structure of the camellia oleifera shell is well preserved, and the specific surface area is 152.04 m²/g, the specific capacitance of the negative electrode material with C/ZnO composite is 5.25 F/g, the electrode resistance is 0.22498 Ω. The simulated lead carbon batteries were assembled and the first charge-discharge curves and cycle lifes of the batteries were tested, the camellia oleifera shell C/ZnO composite material with a mass ratio of 1∶5.69 has better electrochemical performance than the physical grinding compared material, and its first discharge capacity is 177.6 mA·h/g, the capacity retention rate after 250 cycles is 64.3%. This shows that the addition of camellia oleifera C / ZnO composite material to the anode material can effectively inhibit the irreversible sulfate and hydrogen evolution of the anode of lead-carbon batteries.

Key words: biomass, camellia oleifera shell carbon material, ZnO, composites, lead carbon battery

摘要：

铅碳电池是一种新型的铅酸蓄电池，在一定程度上，铅碳电池可以抑制高倍率部分电荷状态（HRPSoC）下，负极出现的不可逆硫酸盐化现象。但由于碳材料的加入，铅碳电池会出现析氢等问题，另外如何进一步抑制负极不可逆硫酸盐化，仍然是铅碳电池面临的问题。通过溶胶-凝胶法制备油茶果壳C/ZnO复合材料，利用XRD、SEM、BET、EDS、电化学测量技术等手段对复合材料进行表征分析，结果表明，ZnO成功包覆在碳材料表面，由此获得Zn（Ac）₂∶油茶果壳碳材料的最佳质量比为1∶5.69，在该质量比下，油茶果壳结构得到较好的保留，比表面积为152.04 m²/g，添加C/ZnO复合材料的负极材料的比电容为5.25 F/g、电极电阻为0.22498 Ω。组装模拟铅碳电池，进行首次充放电、循环寿命测试，质量比为1∶5.69的油茶果壳C/ZnO复合材料相较于物理研磨对照样品材料电化学性能更好，其首次放电容量为177.6 mA·h/g，在250次循环后，容量保持率为64.3%。这表明，在负极材料中加入油茶果壳C/ZnO复合材料，能够有效抑制铅碳电池负极不可逆硫酸盐化和析氢现象。

关键词: 生物质, 油茶果壳碳材料, ZnO, 复合材料, 铅碳电池