Heat transfer characteristics of interwoven network minichannel heat sinks

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20241153

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to cope with the increasing heat dissipation demand of micro-electronic devices, this paper optimizes the flow channel layout of the minichannel heat sink, avoids some flow dead zones, reduces unnecessary flow branches, and obtains an interwoven block coupled honeycomb minichannel with better heat transfer performance. The flow and heat transfer characteristics of nanofluids in minichannels were studied by numerical simulation. The results indicated that the average temperature of the improved heat sink wall is reduced by 2.16 K. Compared to water, the Nusselt number of the nanofluids with the mass fraction of 0.5% as the cooling medium is increased by 13.1%, the thermal resistance is reduced by 12.4%, and the comprehensive evaluation coefficient PEC of the whole minichannel under the best working condition reaches 1.211.

Key words: minichannels, convection, heat transfer, flow, nanofluids

摘要：

为应对微电子设备日益增长的散热需求，对小通道热沉的流道布置进行了优化，规避了部分流动死区，减少了不必要的流动分支，进而得到了一种换热性能更优的交织方块耦合蜂窝状小通道。通过数值模拟的方法对小通道内纳米流体的流动与换热特性进行了研究，结果表明：改进后的热沉壁面均温降低了2.16 K，与水相比，质量分数为0.5%的纳米流体作为冷却工质时的Nusselt数提高了13.1%，热阻降低了12.4%，最佳工况下小通道整体的综合评价系数PEC达到了1.211。

关键词: 小通道, 对流, 传热, 流动, 纳米流体

CLC Number:

TK 124

Cong QI, Linfei YUE. Heat transfer characteristics of interwoven network minichannel heat sinks[J]. CIESC Journal, 2025, 76(4): 1534-1544.

齐聪, 岳林菲. 交织网状小通道热沉的传热特性[J]. 化工学报, 2025, 76(4): 1534-1544.

Figures/Tables 17

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of interwoven network minichannels: (a) interwoven square minichannel (ISM); (b) interwoven square coupled honeycomb minichannel (ISCHM)

Table 1 Minichannel geometric parameters

L₁/mm	L₂/mm	L₃/mm	L₄/mm	L₅/mm	L₆/mm	L₇/mm	H/mm
2.00	2.68	2.31	2.89	1.00	1.74	2.31	1.00

Table 2 Thermophysical parameters of materials

材料	ρ/(kg⋅m^-3)	c_p /(J⋅kg^-1⋅K^-1)	μ/(Pa⋅s)	λ/(W⋅m^-1⋅K^-1)
铜 Fe₃O₄ 纳米颗粒	8978 5180	381 670	— —	386 80
ψ_m=0 (去离子水)	997.1	4179	0.001	0.6130
ψ_m=0.1% 纳米流体^[33]	997.9	4178.32	0.001029	0.6136
ψ_m=0.3% 纳米流体^[33]	999.5	4176.97	0.001083	0.6140
ψ_m=0.5% 纳米流体^[33]	1001.1	4175.61	0.001141	0.6147

Fig.2 Grid construction

Table 3 Grid independence verification

网格数量/个	Δp/Pa	误差/%	ΔT/K	误差/%
181728 422967	59.49 59.34	2.4 2.7	19.67 19.44	5.5 4.3
731137	59.6	2.2	18.56	0.43
1883974	59.93	1.6	18.62	0.07
5609506	60.96	—	18.64	—

Fig. 3 Model validation

Fig.4 Local temperature contours

Fig.5 Average temperature curves of heat sink wall

Fig.6 Temperature uniformity coefficient and thermal resistance change curves

Fig.7 Nusselt number variation curves

Fig.8 Local velocity contours at Re=200

Fig.9 Local velocity contours at Re=1000

Fig.10 Temperature contours of heat sink wall surface at different Reynolds numbers and nanoparticle mass ratios

Fig.11 Nusselt numbers of nanofluids with different mass fraction in minichannels

Fig.12 Thermal resistance of nanofluids with different mass fraction in minichannels

Fig.13 Pressure drop of nanofluids with different mass fraction in minichannels

Fig.14 Comprehensive evaluation coefficient

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