环烷烃与航空煤油掺混燃烧特性研究

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20211141

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

双碳背景下，采用生物质基航空燃油替代传统航油成为当前的研究热点之一。生物质基航油组分与传统航油不同，生物质基航油的环烷烃由木质素加氢脱氧得到，与传统航油中的环烷烃在结构上有所差别。不同结构的环烷烃的燃烧特性有很大差别，基于此，本文通过可变压缩比内燃机研究了四种典型生物质基环烷烃（环戊烷、环己烷、乙基环己烷以及十氢萘）与RP-3航空航油掺混后的低温燃烧特性及其在压燃式发动机中对燃烧过程的影响以研究燃料单一性的可行性。结果表明提高掺混比例，十氢萘对燃烧效果有明显的促进作用，着火点提前，放热峰值有所增加，放热更为集中；乙基环己烷有着与航油相似的燃烧特性，而环己烷与环戊烷会使燃烧相位推迟，放热率下降，增大混合燃料的易压燃难度，不利于燃烧。研究对于木质素催化加氢制备环烷烃和生物质基环烷烃具有重要的指导意义。

关键词: 碳氢化合物, 混合燃烧, 反应活性, 净放热率, 生物燃料

Abstract:

Under the background of double carbon, using biomass based aviation fuel to replace traditional aviation fuel has become one of the current research hotspots. The composition of biomass based aviation oil is different from that of traditional aviation oil. The naphthenic hydrocarbons of biomass based aviation oil are obtained by lignin hydrodeoxygenation, which is different from that of traditional aviation oil in structure. The combustion characteristics of cycloalkanes with different structures are very different. Based on this, this paper studied the low-temperature combustion characteristics of four typical biomass based cycloalkanes (cyclopentane, cyclohexane, ethyl cyclohexane and decahydronaphthalene) mixed with RP-3 aviation oil and its influence on the combustion process in compression ignition engine through variable compression ratio internal combustion engine, so as to study the feasibility of fuel singleness. The results show that increasing the mixing ratio, decahydronaphthalene can obviously promote the combustion effect, the ignition point is in advance, the exothermic peak value is increased, and the exothermic is more concentrated; ethyl cyclohexane has similar combustion characteristics to aviation oil, while cyclohexane and cyclopentane will delay the combustion phase, reduce the heat release rate, increase the easy compression ignition difficulty of mixed fuel and is not conducive to combustion. The results of this paper have important guiding significance for the catalytic hydrogenation of lignin to produce cycloalkanes and biomass-based cycloalkanes.

Key words: hydrocarbons, mixed combustion, reactive activity, net heat release rate, biofuel

中图分类号:

TK 6

罗俊仪, 吴石亮, 肖睿. 环烷烃与航空煤油掺混燃烧特性研究[J]. 化工学报, 2022, 73(2): 847-856.

Junyi LUO, Shiliang WU, Rui XIAO. Study on combustion characteristics of cycloalkanes mixed with aviation kerosene[J]. CIESC Journal, 2022, 73(2): 847-856.

图/表 13

表1 生物航油与传统航油环烷烃组分差异

Table 1 Difference of naphthenic hydrocarbon components between biological aviation oil and traditional aviation oil

组分(C数)	生物质航空航油/%	传统航空航油/%
C₅	4.69	0
C₆	20.28	0
C₇	18.59	0
C₈	22.47	8.43
C₉	7.24	31.09
C₁₀	15.49	19.63
C₁₁	0	10.52
C₁₂	0	16.11
C₁₃	0	12.61

表2 环烷烃部分理化性质参数

Table 2 Physical and chemical parameters of cycloalkanes

Compound	Formula	Ring	BP/℃	RON	MON
环戊烷（CP）	C₅H₁₀		49.2	85	82.3
环己烷（CH）	C₆H₁₂		80.7	83.0	77.2
乙基环己烷（ECH）	C₈H₁₆		130	48	45
十氢萘（Trans）	C₁₀H₁₈		190	42/34	36/34
航空航油（RP-3）	C₇~C₁₆	—	—	46

图1 RP-3航空航油GC-MS分析结果

Fig.1 Analysis results of RP-3 aviation oil by GC-MS

图2 实验台示意图

Fig.2 Schematic of test bench

表3 掺混燃料命名

Table 3 Nomenclature of blended fuels

体积比	环戊烷	环己烷	乙基环己烷	十氢萘
10∶90	PR10	CR10	ER10	TR10
20∶80	PR20	CR20	ER20	TR20
30∶70	PR30	CR30	ER30	TR30

图3 温度影响

Fig.3 Temperature effect

图4 压力影响

Fig.4 Pressure effect

图5 不同结构环烷烃混合燃料CO排放曲线

Fig.5 CO emission curves of naphthenic hydrocarbon blends with different structures

图6 不同结构环烷烃混合燃料净放热率曲线

Fig.6 Net heat release rate curves of naphthenic mixed fuels with different structures

图7 十氢萘掺混比例影响

Fig.7 Influence of decalin mixing ratio

图8 乙基环己烷掺混比例影响

Fig.8 Effect of mixing proportion of ethyl cyclohexane

图9 环己烷掺混比例影响

Fig.9 Effect of mixing proportion of cyclohexane

图10 环戊烷掺混比例影响

Fig.10 Effect of mixing proportion of cyclohexane

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