多孔介质内低热值乙烯燃烧的污染物排放特性试验研究

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20190405

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

近年来低热值气体的利用慢慢进入大众视野。为了加大对低热值气体的利用，实现低热值气体的清洁排放，自行搭建了多孔介质实验台，探究乙烯在自由堆积氧化铝小球中的预混燃烧的污染物排放规律。在改变当量比、流速以及空隙率等工况下进行乙烯的燃烧并对出口烟气进行数据采集，分析在不同工况时的污染物排放情况以及乙烯转换率。实验结果表明多孔介质燃烧技术是一种可以高效清洁处理热值气体的燃烧方式，在较好的实验工况下CO的排放可以降低至125~187 mg/m³，NO的排放与当量比有关，和流速以及空隙率关系不大，整个实验过程中的NO出口浓度低于16 mg/m³。稳定燃烧情况下乙烯的转化率在80%～90%之间。实验结果对于高效清洁地处理低热值气体具有一定指导意义。

关键词: 多孔介质, 一氧化碳, 氧化铝, 燃烧, 乙烯, 排放特性

Abstract:

The use of low calorific value gas has slowly entered the public's field of vision in these years. In order to increase the utilization of low calorific value gas and achieve clean emission of low calorific value gas, a porous medium test bench was built to investigate the pollutant discharge law of premixed combustion of ethylene in freely stacked alumina pellets. This experiment analyzes the effect of equivalent ratio, flow rate and porosity on gas emissions and ethylene conversion with the data collection of the export flue gas under the different experimental conditions. It is found that the porous medium combustion technology is a kind of combustion method which can efficiently clean the calorific value gas. Under the better test conditions, the CO emission can be reduced to 125~187 mg/m³. The emission of NO is related to the equivalent ratio, and has little relationship with the flow rate and the diameter of the small sphere. The NO outlet concentration during the whole experiment is less than 16mg/m³.The conversion of ethylene is between 80% and 90% in the case of stable combustion. The experimental results have certain guiding significance for dealing with low calorific value gases.

Key words: porous media, carbon monoxide, alumina, combustion, ethylene, emission characteristics

中图分类号:

TK 09

凌忠钱, 周超, 曾宪阳, 凌波, 钱炯杰. 多孔介质内低热值乙烯燃烧的污染物排放特性试验研究[J]. 化工学报, 2019, 70(11): 4346-4355.

Zhongqian LING, Chao ZHOU, Xianyang ZENG, Bo LING, Jiongjie QIAN. Experimental study on pollutant emission characteristics of lower-heat-value ethylene combustion in porous media[J]. CIESC Journal, 2019, 70(11): 4346-4355.

图/表 15

图1 多孔介质燃烧实验装置系统整体图

Fig.1 Overall view of porous medium combustion experimental device system

表1 关键测量参数指标

Table 1 Indicator of key measurement parameters

测量参数	分辨率	精度
温度	0.0001 K	±1 K
O₂	0.01%(体积)	±0.2%(体积)
CO₂	0.01%(体积)	±读数的1%
NO _x	1 mg/m³	±5 mg/m³
CO	1 mg/m³	±读数的5%

表2 实验工况

Table 2 Test conditions

当量比φ	流速V/(cm/s)	空隙率/%
0.45	25,30,35,40,45,50,55,60	43.7,47.5
0.5	25,30,35,40,45,50,55,60	43.7,47.5
0.55	25,30,35,40,45,50,55,60	43.7,47.5
0.6	25,30,35,40,45,50,55,60	43.7,47.5
0.65	25,30,35,40,45,50,55,60	43.7,47.5
0.7	25,30,35,40,45,50,55,60	43.7,47.5

图2 火焰传播实物图

Fig.2 Physical map of flame propagation

图3 燃烧温度情况趋势图

Fig.3 Trend graph of combustion temperature

图4 当量比对出口烟气中CO浓度的影响

Fig.4 Effect of equivalent ratio on CO concentration in export flue gas

图5 温度分布

Fig.5 Temperature distribution

图6 流速对出口烟气中CO浓度的影响

Fig.6 Effect of flow rate on CO concentration in export flue gas

图7 空隙率对出口烟气中CO浓度的影响

Fig.7 Effect of porosity on CO concentration in export flue gas

图8 不同变量对出口烟气中NO浓度的影响

Fig.8 Effect of different variables on NO concentration in export flue gas

图9 当量比对烟气出口O2和CO2浓度的影响

Fig.9 Effect of equivalent ratio on O2 and CO2 concentration in export flue gas

图10 当量比对乙烯处理效率的影响

Fig.10 Effect of equivalent ratio on ethylene treatment efficiency

图11 预混气体流速对烟气出口O2和CO2浓度的影响

Fig.11 Effect of premixed gas flow rate on O2 and CO2 concentration in export flue gas

图12 预混气体流速对乙烯处理效率的影响

Fig.12 Effect of premixed gas flow rate on ethylene treatment efficiency

图13 空隙率对乙烯处理效率的影响

Fig.13 Effect of porosity on ethylene treatment efficiency

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