石墨烯纳米片-乙二醇纳米流体光热转化特性研究

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20191033

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

纳米流体应用于太阳能集热器是太阳能光热转化的重要突破，石墨烯纳米材料在可见光和近红外区域具有较好的吸收特性，实验基于Hummer法制备了石墨烯纳米片材料，对其进行表征。并配制了不同质量分数石墨烯纳米片-乙二醇纳米流体，将其在太阳能模拟器下进行闷晒实验，计算石墨烯纳米片的光热转化效率，并以基液作对比分析其光热转化特性。结果表明纳米流体溶液的光热转化效率随着其浓度的增加而提高，在达到临界值后光热转化效率不再提高反而降低。其中浓度为0.0007%(质量)时的石墨烯纳米片纳米流体溶液温度增加最高，为65.56℃，光热转化效率达到最高约为76.35%，较乙二醇效率升高49.65%。表明石墨烯纳米片具有良好的光学特性，在太阳能集热器中具有较好的应用前景。

关键词: 纳米流体, 石墨烯纳米片, 乙二醇, 光热转化

Abstract:

The application of nanofluids to solar collectors is an important breakthrough in solar thermal conversion. Graphene nanomaterials have good absorption properties in visible and near-infrared regions.The graphene nanosheet material was prepared by Hummer method and characterized. Different mass fractions of graphene nanosheets-ethylene glycol nanofluids were configured. The smouldering test was carried out under the solar simulator and the photothermal conversion efficiency of the graphene nanosheets was calculated, and the photothermal conversion characteristics were compared with the base liquid. The results show that the photothermal conversion efficiency of the nanofluid solution increases with the increase of its concentration. After reaching the critical value, the photothermal conversion efficiency no longer increases but decreases. Among them,the temperature increase of graphene nanosheet nanofluid solution at the concentration of 0.0007%(mass) is up to 65.56℃, the photothermal conversion efficiency is 76.35%, and the ethylene glycol efficiency is increased by 49.65%. It indicates that graphene nanosheets have good optical properties and have good application prospects in solar collectors.

Key words: nanofluids, graphene nanosheets, ethylene glycol, photothermal conversion

中图分类号:

TK 01

李富恒. 石墨烯纳米片-乙二醇纳米流体光热转化特性研究[J]. 化工学报, 2020, 71(S1): 479-485.

Fuheng LI. Investigation on photothermal conversion characteristics of graphene nanosheets-glycol nanofluids[J]. CIESC Journal, 2020, 71(S1): 479-485.

图/表 11

图1 太阳能模拟器系统图

Fig.1 Solar simulator system diagram

图2 石墨烯纳米片的扫描电镜图

Fig.2 SEM images of graphene nanosheets

图3 吸收光谱

Fig.3 Absorption spectrum of graphene nanosheets

图4 XRD图像

Fig.4 XRD patterns of graphene nanosheets

图5 光谱透过率

Fig.5 Spectral transmittance of nanofluids

图6 消光系数

Fig.6 Extinction coefficient of nanofluid

图7 光热测试图

Fig.7 Photothermal test chart

图8 散热率

Fig.8 Heat dissipation rate

图9 最大温度提升

Fig.9 Maximum temperature rise

图10 光热转化效率

Fig.10 Photothermal conversion efficiency

表1 不同浓度石墨烯纳米片纳米流体的光热转化效率

Table 1 Photothermal conversion efficiency of graphene nanosheet nanofluids with different concentrations

Concentration/%(mass)	PTC effectiveness/%	Improve/%
0	51.02	—
0.0001	54.56	6.94
0.0003	66.81	30.95
0.0005	70.83	38.83
0.0007	76.35	49.65
0.001	73.81	44.67

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