铝合金表面耐久性超疏水防护膜的制备与表征

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20200591

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

通过酸刻蚀-沸水浴处理构筑微纳米分级结构，进而通过喷涂含有磷酸铝胶黏剂（AP）和低表面能物质——全氟辛基三氯硅烷（PFOTS）的悬浮液增强结合力并降低表面能，从而在国产7B04铝合金表面制备了耐久性超疏水防护膜。利用场发射扫描电子显微镜（FESEM）、X射线光电子能谱仪（XPS）、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪（FTIR）、接触角测试仪（CA）、电化学阻抗谱（EIS）等技术以及多种环境模拟实验对样品进行了表征，结果显示，制备的防护膜表面水静态接触角（WCA）高达158.4°，滑动角（SA）为0°，呈现出超疏水和低黏附性；膜层电阻（R_c）约为101.55 kΩ·cm²，在NaCl腐蚀介质中的电荷转移电阻（R_t）增大了近2个数量级，表现出优异的防护性能；样品可以经受多种破坏，具有理想的机械耐久性、化学耐久性和环境耐久性。

关键词: 铝合金, 表面润湿性, 腐蚀, 防护, 电化学, 耐久性

Abstract:

The durable superhydrophobic protective coatings on the 7B04 aluminum alloy surface was prepared by using acid etching and boiling water bath to construct micro-nano hierarchical structure, and then spraying suspension containing aluminum phosphate adhesive (AP) and perfluorooctyltrichlorosilane (PFOTS) to increase adhesion and reduce surface energy. The samples were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), contact angle measurement (CA), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS) and a variety of the environmental simulation experiments. The results showed that the static water contact angle (WCA) of the surface is 158.4° and the slide angle (SA) is about 0°, suggesting superhydrophobicity and low adhesion to water. The coating resistance (R_c) was as high as 101.55 kΩ· cm² and the charge transfer resistance (R_t) in NaCl corrosion medium increased by nearly two orders of magnitude, showing excellent protective performance. The sample can withstand a variety of damages, with ideal mechanical durability, chemical durability and environmental durability.

Key words: aluminum alloy, surface wettability, corrosion, protection, electrochemistry, durability

中图分类号:

TG 174.4

刘雷, 张粤, 李霞, 雷惊雷, 李凌杰. 铝合金表面耐久性超疏水防护膜的制备与表征[J]. 化工学报, 2020, 71(10): 4750-4759.

Lei LIU, Yue ZHANG, Xia LI, Jinglei LEI, Lingjie LI. Preparation and characterization of durable superhydrophobic protective coatings on aluminum alloy[J]. CIESC Journal, 2020, 71(10): 4750-4759.

图/表 11

图1 不同样品表面形貌的FESEM图

Fig.1 FESEM images of different sample surfaces

图2 酸刻蚀-沸水浴样品表面的XPS谱图

Fig.2 XPS spectra of sample surface after acid etching and boiling water bath

图3 超疏水防护膜表面的XPS谱图

Fig.3 XPS spectra of superhydrophobic protective coating surface

图4 不同样品的FTIR图

Fig.4 FTIR spectra of different samples

图5 不同样品表面润湿性测试结果

Fig.5 Wettability results of different sample surfaces

图6 不同样品的EIS测试结果及对应的拟合等效电路图

Fig.6 EIS Nyquist diagrams and equivalent circuits for different samples

表1 解析图6(a)中电化学阻抗谱所得的各参数值

Table 1 Electrochemical parameters derived from EIS Nyquist diagrams shown in Fig.6(a)

Sample	R_s/(Ω·cm²)	R_c/(kΩ·cm²)	C_c/(μF·cm^-2)	R_t/(kΩ·cm²)	C_dl/(μF·cm^-2)
untreated 7B04Al	8.96	—	—	2.14	9.28
superhydrophobic 7B04Al	8.79	101.55	0.45	150.98	9.26

图7 超疏水防护膜遭受各种机械损伤后的水接触角变化

Fig.7 Water contact angle changes of superhydrophobic protective coating after various mechanical damages

图8 超疏水防护膜样品遭受各种化学破坏后的接触角变化

Fig.8 Water contact angle changes of superhydrophobic protective coating after various chemical damages

图9 超疏水防护样品表面接触角随放置时间的变化

Fig.9 Water contact angle changes of superhydrophobic protective coating with storage time

图10 超疏水防护膜的成膜机理

Fig.10 Formation mechanism of superhydrophobic protective coating

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