生物滴滤塔去除高浓度H2S废气的模拟研究

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20201672

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以生物滴滤塔（BTF）去除高浓度H₂S废气为研究对象，建立了一维轴向扩散反应器模型和双基质生物降解反应动力学模型，通过比较单基质模型和双基质模型在不同H₂S入口浓度条件下的模拟结果和实验结果，验证了双基质模型的有效性和可行性，研究了生物膜中H₂S的动态去除过程，考察了BTF在不同液相H₂S浓度和空床停留时间条件下的除臭性能。研究表明，当生物膜表面H₂S浓度为7589.3 mg/m³ 时，生物膜中传质-生物降解过程需要0.75 s才能达到稳态；较厚的生物膜使得内扩散阻力增大，生物降解反应速率分布的不均匀性增大，O₂浓度对生物降解速率的影响将越来越显著；进气速度和喷淋浓度可显著影响BTF中H₂S的去除率。

关键词: 生物滴滤塔, 硫化氢, 传质, 模型, 反应工程

Abstract:

In this study, a one-dimensional axial dispersion reactor model and a two-substrate biodegradation kinetic model were established for the removal of high concentration H₂S waste gas by biotrickling filter (BTF). The simulation results of one-substrate model and two-substrate model were compared with each other under different inlet H₂S concentrations, proving the validity and feasibility of the two-substrate model. Then the dynamic removal process of H₂S in the biofilm was investigated. Furthermore, the two-substrate model was applied to investigate the deodorization performance of BTF under varying liquid phase H₂S concentrations and empty bed retention time. Studies have shown that when the H₂S concentration on the surface of the biofilm is 7589.3 mg/m³, the mass transfer-biodegradation process in the biofilm needs 0.75 s to reach a steady state. A thicker biofilm may lead to an increase of the internal diffusion resistance and the nonuniformity of biodegradation rate. Thus, the O₂ concentration has a significant effect on the biodegradation rate. The inlet velocity and spray concentration can significantly affect the removal rate of H₂S in BTF.

Key words: biotrickling filter, hydrogen sulfide, mass transfer, model, reaction engineering

中图分类号:

TQ 031

谢乐, 蒋崇文. 生物滴滤塔去除高浓度H₂S废气的模拟研究[J]. 化工学报, 2021, 72(8): 4346-4353.

Le XIE, Chongwen JIANG. Simulation study on the removal of high concentration H₂S waste gas by biotrickling filter[J]. CIESC Journal, 2021, 72(8): 4346-4353.

图/表 7

图1 生物滴滤塔内H2S去除过程及其质量微分衡算示意图

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of H2S removal process and mass differential balance in BTF

表1 扩散系数和生物降解反应动力学参数

Table 1 Diffusion coefficients and kinetic parameters of biodegradation

参数	数值	参数	数值
气相中H₂S扩散系数( $D h g$ )	1.8×10^-5 m²/s	气相中O₂扩散系数(D_og)	1.775×10^-5m²/s
生物膜中H₂S扩散系数( $D h s$ )	1.28×10^-9 m²/s	生物膜中O₂扩散系数(D_os)	2.86×10^-9m²/s
H₂S半饱和常数 (K_h)	0.039 g/m³	O₂半饱和常数 (K_o)	0.26 g/m³
最大比生长速率 (μ_max)	3.61 d^-1	O₂亨利系数 (m_o)	34.13
H₂S亨利系数 (m_h)	0.47	生物膜密度（X_b）	28 kg/m³
产率（Y_h）	0.03	产率（Y_o）	0.3436

表1 扩散系数和生物降解反应动力学参数

Table 1 Diffusion coefficients and kinetic parameters of biodegradation

参数	数值	参数	数值
气相中H₂S扩散系数( $D h g$ )	1.8×10^-5 m²/s	气相中O₂扩散系数(D_og)	1.775×10^-5m²/s
生物膜中H₂S扩散系数( $D h s$ )	1.28×10^-9 m²/s	生物膜中O₂扩散系数(D_os)	2.86×10^-9m²/s
H₂S半饱和常数 (K_h)	0.039 g/m³	O₂半饱和常数 (K_o)	0.26 g/m³
最大比生长速率 (μ_max)	3.61 d^-1	O₂亨利系数 (m_o)	34.13
H₂S亨利系数 (m_h)	0.47	生物膜密度（X_b）	28 kg/m³
产率（Y_h）	0.03	产率（Y_o）	0.3436

图2 不同H2S进气浓度下单基质模型和双基质模型预测得到的H2S轴向浓度分布对比分析(EBRT=10.9 s；δ=20 μm)

Fig.2 The obtained axial H2S concentration distribution using the one-substrate and two-substrate models were compared with each other at different H2S inlet concentrations (EBRT is 10.9 s and biofilm thick is 20 μm)

图3 生物膜中无量纲H2S和O2浓度的动态分布趋势图（H2S界面浓度为7589.3 mg/m3，生物膜厚度为20 μm）

Fig.3 The dynamic changes of the dimensionless H2S and O2 concentration in the biofilm when the H2S interfacial concentration is 7589.3 mg/m3 and the biofilm thickness is 20 μm

图4 生物膜中无量纲H2S和O2浓度的动态分布趋势图（H2S界面浓度为7589.3 mg/m3，生物膜厚度为40 μm）

Fig.4 The dynamic changes of the dimensionless H2S and O2 concentration in the biofilm when the H2S interfacial concentration is 7589.3 mg/m3 and the biofilm thickness is 40 μm

图5 不同进气速度条件下气相和液相中的无量纲H2S浓度沿塔轴向分布趋势

Fig.5 Dimensionless H2S concentration in gas phase and liquid phase along the axial direction of the BTF at different inlet velocities

图6 不同循环喷淋液相H2S浓度条件下气相中的无量纲H2S浓度沿塔轴向分布趋势

Fig.6 Dimensionless H2S concentration in gas phase along the axial direction of the BTF at different H2S concentrations in the recirculated liquid phase

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生物滴滤塔去除高浓度H₂S废气的模拟研究

Simulation study on the removal of high concentration H₂S waste gas by biotrickling filter

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