氮掺杂碳材料的制备及其在催化领域中的应用

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20201932

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

氮掺杂碳材料以其独特的性质在催化研究领域具有广泛的应用。氮掺杂过程可引入缺陷位及氮物种，改善催化剂的物理化学性质、酸碱性和浸润性，并与活性物种产生相互作用，提升催化性能。本文从氮掺杂碳材料的制备及其在催化领域中的应用展开综述。常见的氮掺杂碳材料主要利用含氮前驱体，通过后合成法、原位合成法、催化生长法和模板法进行制备。通过改变前驱体种类、处理条件等制备参数，可实现孔道结构、氮物种类型、氮物种掺杂量及其与活性物种相互作用等性质的调变。开发大规模经济环保的制备方法，推动对缺陷构筑以及氮物种与活性组分相互作用机制的研究，是未来重要的研究方向。氮掺杂碳材料在催化领域表现出优越的性能，有望成为催化剂开发的前瞻领域，推动相关工业技术的进步。

关键词: 催化剂, 催化剂载体, 多相反应, 氮掺杂, 碳材料

Abstract:

Nitrogen-doped carbon materials have a wide range of applications in the field of catalysis due to their unique properties. The nitrogen doping process can introduce defects and nitrogen species, improve the physical and chemical properties, acidity and alkalinity and wettability of the catalyst, and interact with active species to enhance the catalytic performance. Besides, the existence of nitrogen species could act as anchoring sites which could enhance the stability of active species such as metal and metal oxide components. With above mentioned, not only would the catalytic performance largely be increased, but also the stability and dispersion of active species would be improved. Up to now, there are several strategies for nitrogen-doped carbon materials preparation, which are post synthesis, in-situ synthesis, etc. For the post synthesis, well-prepared carbon materials and nitrogen precursors would be treated together, forming nitrogen species in carbon. During the synthesis process, the modulation of precursor type, treatment method and synthesis condition could effectively vary the pore structure, nitrogen type and content, interaction between support and active species, etc. Though great progress has been made, nitrogen-doped carbon materials still need investigation in the development of low cost, simple, environment friendly preparation routes. Moreover, in-depth research on influence of nitrogen species on defect construction and interaction between nitrogen and active sites is also urgently needed. In all, nitrogen-doped carbon materials exhibit excellent catalytic performance, which may pave a way for industrial catalytic technology.

Key words: catalysts, catalyst support, heterogeneous reaction, nitrogen-doped, carbon material

中图分类号:

O 643.3

李宇明, 刘梓烨, 张启扬, 王雅君, 崔国庆, 姜桂元, 贺德华. 氮掺杂碳材料的制备及其在催化领域中的应用[J]. 化工学报, 2021, 72(8): 3919-3932.

Yuming LI, Ziye LIU, Qiyang ZHANG, Yajun WANG, Guoqing CUI, Guiyuan JIANG, Dehua HE. Preparation of nitrogen-doped carbon materials and their applications in catalysis[J]. CIESC Journal, 2021, 72(8): 3919-3932.

图/表 1

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