静电纺丝纤维对煤基气体污染物脱除研究进展

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20201843

化工学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 72 ›› Issue (8): 3933-3945.DOI: 10.11949/0438-1157.20201843

静电纺丝纤维对煤基气体污染物脱除研究进展

冯宇^1,^2,³(),张鑫²,张曼²,王建成¹,阎智锋²,李甫²,费鹏飞²,卢建军^1,²,米杰¹()

^1.太原理工大学省部共建煤基能源清洁高效利用国家重点实验室，山西太原 030008
^2.太原理工大学轻纺工程学院，山西晋中 030600
^3.山西新华防化装备研究院有限公司，山西太原 030000

收稿日期:2020-12-16 修回日期:2021-03-30 出版日期:2021-08-05 发布日期:2021-08-05
通讯作者: 冯宇,米杰
作者简介:冯宇（1991—），男，博士，讲师，sxyfeng@sina.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(21908156);山西省自然科学基金项目(201901D211099)

Research progress on the removal of coal based gas pollutants by electrospun fibers

Yu FENG^1,^2,³(),Xin ZHANG²,Man ZHANG²,Jiancheng WANG¹,Zhifeng YAN²,Fu LI²,Pengfei FEI²,Jianjun LU^1,²,Jie MI¹()

^1.State Key Laboratory of Coal Science and Technology, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030008, Shanxi, China
^2.College of Textile Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Jinzhong 030600, Shanxi, China
^3.Shanxi Xinhua Chemical Defense Equipment Research Institute Co. , Ltd. , Taiyuan 030000, Shanxi, China

Received:2020-12-16 Revised:2021-03-30 Online:2021-08-05 Published:2021-08-05
Contact: Yu FENG,Jie MI

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

煤在气化和燃烧过程中产生的气体污染物和颗粒物会转移到合成气和空气中，从而产生设备腐蚀和环境污染等问题。静电纺丝纤维具有可调控的、超细的直径，多孔的结构，超高的比表面积，可设计的形貌以及易于表面修饰等优点，在气体污染物脱除领域有着巨大的应用价值。介绍了静电纺丝的基本原理和发展现状，综述且简要分析了静电纺丝纳米纤维材料在PMs、CO₂、NO_x、H₂S、SO₂和VOCs等气体污染物脱除方面的应用及研究现状。最后，对电纺纤维在气体污染物脱除领域中更广泛、更深入的应用前景进行了展望。

关键词: 气化, 污染物, 吸附剂, 气体净化, 静电纺丝纤维

Abstract:

The gaseous pollutants and particulate matters produced during coal gasification and combustion will be transferred to syngas and air, resulting in problems such as equipment corrosion and environmental pollution. Electrospun nanofibers have the advantages of controllable and ultra-fine diameter, porous structure, ultra-high specific surface area, designable morphology, and easy to be modified on the surface, and thus have great application value in gas pollutants removal. The basic principle, development history and current situation of electrospinning were introduced, and the application and research status of electrospun nanofiber materials in the removal of gas pollutants such as PMs, CO₂, NO_x, H₂S, SO₂ and VOCs were summarized and analyzed. Finally, more extensive and depth perspectives of nanofibers material synthesized by electrospinning in the applications of gas pollutants removal were also discussed and expected.

Key words: gasification, pollutant, sorbents, gas purification, electrospun fiber

中图分类号:

X 511

冯宇, 张鑫, 张曼, 王建成, 阎智锋, 李甫, 费鹏飞, 卢建军, 米杰. 静电纺丝纤维对煤基气体污染物脱除研究进展[J]. 化工学报, 2021, 72(8): 3933-3945.

Yu FENG, Xin ZHANG, Man ZHANG, Jiancheng WANG, Zhifeng YAN, Fu LI, Pengfei FEI, Jianjun LU, Jie MI. Research progress on the removal of coal based gas pollutants by electrospun fibers[J]. CIESC Journal, 2021, 72(8): 3933-3945.

图/表 10

图1 静电纺丝纳米纤维的应用示意图[12]

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of the application of electrospun nanofibers[12]

图2 静电纺丝装置示意图[15]

Fig.2 Schematic diagram of electrospinning device[15]

图3 PEO/酪蛋白溶液制备纳米纤维纱线的SEM图像[34]

Fig.3 SEM images of nanofiber yarn produced from PEO/casein solution[34]

图4 珠粒的形貌变化随溶液浓度增大的示意图[38]

Fig.4 Schematic diagram of the change of bead morphology with the increase of solution concentration[38]

图5 电纺聚环氧乙烷纤维形态随溶液黏度增大的SEM图（从左至右依次增大）[44]

Fig.5 SEM images of electrospun polyethylene oxide fibers with increasing solution viscosity (increase from left to right) [44]

图6 PA6纤维/纳米PE设计方案示意图[58]

Fig.6 Schematic diagram of PA6 fiber/nano-PE design scheme[58]

图7 PAN纳米纤维过滤介质的扫描电镜图[70]

Fig.7 SEM graphs of filtration medium based on PAN nanofibers[70]

图8 同轴静电纺丝装置示意图[79]

Fig.8 Diagram of co-axial electrospinning device[79]

图9 ACNF复合材料制备示意图[86]

Fig.9 Diagram of the preparation process of ACNF composites material[86]

图10 Mn3O4/HACNFs的制备过程示意图[98]

Fig.10 Diagram of the preparation process of Mn3O4/HACNFs[98]

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静电纺丝纤维对煤基气体污染物脱除研究进展

Research progress on the removal of coal based gas pollutants by electrospun fibers

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