硅基类液防原油黏附涂层的研制及其减阻性能研究

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20230633

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

原油胶质中含氮、氧等杂环结构的强氢键作用使原油易黏附于包括特氟龙在内的各类材料，导致原油开采、输送、储存和加工过程中采油井筒、输油管道、容器和设备等长期存在污损污堵技术问题。目前仍少见针对原油为对象的防黏附材料的研究工作，防黏附材料对原油输送等原油流体是否具有减阻效果尚缺少研究结论。基于硅基类液防黏附功能涂层研制，系统研究了涂层对原油防污自洁功能及功能的长效稳定性。研究了防黏附功能涂层对原油的减阻效应，并对不同原油流动性、黏度等条件下涂层的减阻作用进行了理论计算。结果表明涂层对不同黏度原油均具有良好的防黏附和减阻效果，对比无涂层的条件，涂层对黏度越高原油的减阻效果相对越显著。研究结果为原油输送等相关减阻涂层材料的科学设计与可控制备提供了理论、材料与技术支撑。

关键词: 产品工程, 石油, 界面, 防黏附涂层, 减阻涂层

Abstract:

The strong hydrogen bonding of nitrogen and oxygen heteroring structures in crude oil makes crude oil easy to adhere to different kinds of materials including Teflon, resulting in fouling and blockage challenges of oil wells, pipelines, containers and equipments in the process of crude oil exploitation, transportation, storage and processing. At present, there is still little research on anti-adhesion materials targeting crude oil, and there is still a lack of research conclusion on whether anti-adhesion materials have drag reduction effects on crude oil fluids such as crude oil transportation. In this paper, based on the development of silicon-based liquid-like anti-adhesion coatings, the coating's antifouling and self-cleaning function and their long-term stability were systematically studied. The drag reducing effect of the anti-adhesion functional coating on crude oil was studied, and the drag reducing effect of the coating under different crude oil fluidity, viscosity and other conditions was theoretically calculated. The results indicated that the coating exhibited outstanding anti-adhesion and drag reduction effects on crude oils of different viscosities. Compared with the conditions without coating, the drag reduction effect of the coating on higher viscosity crude oils is relatively more significant. It provides theoretical, material and technical bases for the scientific design and controllable preparation of drag reduction coating materials for the application such as crude oil transportation.

Key words: product engineering, petroleum, interfaces, antiadhesion coatings, drag reducing coatings

中图分类号:

TQ 322.4

林典, 江国梅, 徐秀彬, 赵波, 刘冬梅, 吴旭. 硅基类液防原油黏附涂层的研制及其减阻性能研究[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(8): 3438-3445.

Dian LIN, Guomei JIANG, Xiubin XU, Bo ZHAO, Dongmei LIU, Xu WU. Preparation and drag reduction effect of silicon-based liquid-like anti-crude-oil-adhesion coatings[J]. CIESC Journal, 2023, 74(8): 3438-3445.

图/表 5

图1 涂层制备过程及表征

Fig.1 Preparation process and characterization of coatings

图2 各种液滴在涂层表面的接触角和滑动角及涂层稳定性

Fig.2 Contact angles and sliding angles of various liquids on the coating surface and stability of the coating

图3 不同温度下Adobe Photoshop软件处理的二值化图像和重质原油覆盖面积及轻质原油在不同容器中的滑落情况

Fig.3 Binarised images and coverage area of asphalt, processed by Adobe Photoshop software in different temperature and slipping of light crude oil in various containers

图4 重质原油在有无内涂层细管道内的黏附行为（a）；不同温度下不同黏度重质原油通过有无涂层细管道的流量[（b）~（f）]

Fig.4 Adhesion behavior of heavy crude oil toward glass pipes with and without coatings (a)；Flow rate of heavy crude oil with different viscosities at different temperatures through the pipes with and without coatings [(b)—(f)].

图5 原油在有无内涂层管道中管流的速度分布对比

Fig.5 Comparison of velocity distribution of crude oil flow in pipe with and without coating

参考文献 36

1	Shi Q A, Hou D J, Chung K H, et al. Characterization of heteroatom compounds in a crude oil and its saturates, aromatics, resins, and asphaltenes (SARA) and non-basic nitrogen fractions analyzed by negative-ion electrospray ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry[J]. Energy & Fuels, 2010, 24(4): 2545-2553.
2	Martínez-Palou R, de Lourdes Mosqueira M, Zapata-Rendón B, et al. Transportation of heavy and extra-heavy crude oil by pipeline: a review[J]. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 2011, 75(3/4): 274-282.
3	Hart A. A review of technologies for transporting heavy crude oil and bitumen via pipelines[J]. Journal of Petroleum Exploration and Production Technology, 2014, 4(3): 327-336.
4	郑万鹏, 高小永, 朱桂瑶, 等. 原油作业过程优化的研究进展[J]. 化工学报, 2021, 72(11): 5481-5501.
	Zheng W P, Gao X Y, Zhu G Y, et al. Research progress on crude oil operation optimization[J]. CIESC Journal, 2021, 72(11): 5481-5501.
5	孙盈盈, 周明辉, 黄佳, 等. 稠油地下改质开采技术及发展趋势[J]. 化工学报, 2020, 71(9): 4141-4151.
	Sun Y Y, Zhou M H, Huang J, et al. Research progress and development tendency of heavy oil in situ upgrading technologies[J]. CIESC Journal, 2020, 71(9): 4141-4151.
6	Wu X, Zhang Y C, Liu M H, et al. Preventing crude oil adhesion using fully waterborne coatings[J]. AIChE Journal, 2019, 65(5): e16569.
7	Schmidt D L, Coburn C E, DeKoven B M, et al. Water-based non-stick hydrophobic coatings[J]. Nature, 1994, 368(6466): 39-41.
8	Lu Y, Sathasivam S, Song J L, et al. Robust self-cleaning surfaces that function when exposed to either air or oil[J]. Science, 2015, 347: 1132-1135.
9	Zhong X M, Wyman I, Yang H, et al. Preparation of robust anti-smudge coatings via electrophoretic deposition[J]. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2016, 302: 744-751.
10	Liu M J, Wang S T, Jiang L. Nature-inspired superwettability systems[J]. Nature Reviews Materials, 2017, 2: 17036.
11	Wang D H, Sun Q Q, Hokkanen M J, et al. Design of robust superhydrophobic surfaces[J]. Nature, 2020, 582(7810): 55-59.
12	Tuteja A, Choi W, Ma M L, et al. Designing superoleophobic surfaces[J]. Science, 2007, 318(5856): 1618-1622.
13	Deng X, Mammen L, Butt H J, et al. Candle soot as a template for a transparent robust superamphiphobic coating[J]. Science, 2012, 335(6064): 67-70.
14	Liu T Y, Kim C J. Turning a surface superrepellent even to completely wetting liquids[J]. Science, 2014, 346(6213): 1096-1100.
15	Wong T S, Kang S H, Tang S K Y, et al. Bioinspired self-repairing slippery surfaces with pressure-stable omniphobicity[J]. Nature, 2011, 477(7365): 443-447.
16	Chen R Z, Zhang Y S, Xie Q Y, et al. Transparent polymer-ceramic hybrid antifouling coating with superior mechanical properties[J]. Advanced Functional Materials, 2021, 31(19): 2011145.
17	Liu J, Zhu C Q, Liu K, et al. Distinct ice patterns on solid surfaces with various wettabilities[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2017, 114(43): 11285-11290.
18	Epstein A K, Wong T S, Belisle R A, et al. Liquid-infused structured surfaces with exceptional anti-biofouling performance[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2012, 109(33): 13182-13187.
19	Tian X L, Verho T, Ras R H A. Moving superhydrophobic surfaces toward real-world applications[J]. Science, 2016, 352(6282): 142-143.
20	Dhyani A, Wang J, Halvey A K, et al. Design and applications of surfaces that control the accretion of matter[J]. Science, 2021, 373(6552): eaba5010.
21	Zhang L S, Zhou A G, Sun B R, et al. Functional and versatile superhydrophobic coatings via stoichiometric silanization[J]. Nature Communications, 2021, 12: 982.
22	Meng X F, Wang M M, Heng L P, et al. Underwater mechanically robust oil-repellent materials: combining conflicting properties using a heterostructure[J]. Advanced Materials, 2018, 30(11): 1706634.
23	Zhang Z Q, Yu D F, Xu X B, et al. Versatile snail-inspired superamphiphobic coatings with repeatable adhesion and recyclability[J]. Chemical Engineering Science, 2021, 230: 116182.
24	Buddingh J V, Hozumi A, Liu G J. Liquid and liquid-like surfaces/coatings that readily slide fluids[J]. Progress in Polymer Science, 2021, 123: 101468.
25	Cui J X, Daniel D, Grinthal A, et al. Dynamic polymer systems with self-regulated secretion for the control of surface properties and material healing[J]. Nature Materials, 2015, 14(8): 790-795.
26	Xu X B, Zhang Y C, Wen J X, et al. Large-area, daily, on-site-applicable antiadhesion coatings formed via ambient self-crosslinking[J]. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2022, 450: 138156.
27	Huang J J, Yu D F, Xu X B, et al. Ultra-high flux and efficient oil-water separation via polymer-based electrophoretic deposition[J]. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2019, 371: 575-582.
28	Wu X, Liu M H, Zhong X M, et al. Smooth water-based antismudge coatings for various substrates[J]. ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering, 2017, 5(3): 2605-2613.
29	Zhao X X, Khatir B, Mirshahidi K, et al. Macroscopic evidence of the liquidlike nature of nanoscale polydimethylsiloxane brushes[J]. ACS Nano, 2021, 15(8): 13559-13567.
30	Vahabi H, Vallabhuneni S, Hedayati M, et al. Designing non-textured, all-solid, slippery hydrophilic surfaces[J]. Matter, 2022, 5(12): 4502-4512.
31	Shao Y J, Zhu L Q, Li W P, et al. Anti-asphalt properties of PPS/PTFE composite coatings at high temperature[J]. Surface Engineering, 2018, 34(11): 877-883.
32	夏德宏, 周军, 邬婕, 等. 卡森流体管流的减阻机理及减阻率计算[J]. 北京科技大学学报, 2002, 24(4): 452-454.
	Xia D H, Zhou J, Wu J, et al. Drag reduction mechanism in pipe flow of casson fluid and calculation of drag reduction rate[J]. Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing, 2002, 24(4): 452-454.
33	Hénot M, Drockenmuller É, Léger L, et al. Friction of polymers: from PDMS melts to PDMS elastomers[J]. ACS Macro Letters, 2018, 7(1): 112-115.
34	戴干策, 陈敏恒. 化工流体力学[M]. 2版. 北京: 化学工业出版社, 2005.
	Dai G C, Chen M H. Chemical Fluid Mechanics[M]. 2nd ed. Beijing: Chemical Industry Press, 2005.
35	Cheng J T, Giordano N. Fluid flow through nanometer-scale channels[J]. Physical Review E, 2002, 65(3): 031206.
36	Chen L W, Feng Q X, Huang S L, et al. A grafted-liquid lubrication strategy to enhance membrane permeability in viscous liquid separation[J]. Journal of Membrane Science, 2020, 610: 118240.

[1]	周晓庆, 李春煜, 杨光, 蔡爱峰, 吴静怡. 液滴撞击不同曲率过冷波纹面结冰动力学行为及机理研究[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(S1): 141-153.
[2]	毕丽森, 刘斌, 胡恒祥, 曾涛, 李卓睿, 宋健飞, 吴翰铭. 粗糙界面上纳米液滴蒸发模式的分子动力学研究[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(S1): 172-178.
[3]	陆俊凤, 孙怀宇, 王艳磊, 何宏艳. 离子液体界面极化及其调控氢键性质的分子机理[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(9): 3665-3680.
[4]	傅予, 刘兴翀, 王瀚雨, 李海敏, 倪亚飞, 邹文静, 雷月, 彭永姗. F₃EACl修饰层对钙钛矿太阳能电池性能提升的研究[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(8): 3554-3563.
[5]	刘爽, 张霖宙, 许志明, 赵锁奇. 渣油及其组分黏度的分子层次组成关联研究[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(8): 3226-3241.
[6]	张贲, 王松柏, 魏子亚, 郝婷婷, 马学虎, 温荣福. 超亲水多孔金属结构驱动的毛细液膜冷凝及传热强化[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(7): 2824-2835.
[7]	李正涛, 袁志杰, 贺高红, 姜晓滨. 疏水界面上的NaCl液滴蒸发过程内环流调控机制研究[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(5): 1904-1913.
[8]	尹驰, 张正国, 凌子夜, 方晓明. 含石蜡@二氧化硅纳米胶囊和碳纤维的相变热界面材料及其散热性能[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(4): 1795-1804.
[9]	吴心远, 刘奇磊, 曹博渊, 张磊, 都健. Group2vec：基于无监督机器学习的基团向量表示及其物性预测应用[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(3): 1187-1194.
[10]	张家庆, 蒋榕培, 史伟康, 武博翔, 杨超, 刘朝晖. 煤基/石油基火箭煤油高参数黏温特性与组分特性研究[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(2): 653-665.
[11]	赵亚静, 胡激江, 介素云, 李伯耿. HTPB引入方式对不饱和树脂改性效果的影响[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(2): 883-892.
[12]	程伟江, 汪何琦, 高翔, 李娜, 马赛男. 锂离子电池硅基负极电解液成膜添加剂的研究进展[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(2): 571-584.
[13]	黄宽, 马永德, 蔡镇平, 曹彦宁, 江莉龙. 油脂催化加氢转化制备第二代生物柴油研究进展[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(1): 380-396.
[14]	李彩风, 王晓, 李岗建, 林军章, 汪卫东, 束青林, 曹嫣镔, 肖盟. 嗜烃乳化菌SL-1与内源菌协同驱油的菌群作用关系研究[J]. 化工学报, 2022, 73(9): 4095-4102.
[15]	廖艺, 牛亚宾, 潘艳秋, 俞路. 复配表面活性剂对油水界面行为和性质影响的模拟研究[J]. 化工学报, 2022, 73(9): 4003-4014.