基于层流效应的被动式颗粒分离微流控方法研究

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20240246

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

微颗粒分离在能源化工、生物医学等领域中具有重要应用价值。基于层流效应，设计了一种新型的被动式颗粒分离微流控方法，并系统研究了流动参数、流体物性、颗粒属性等因素对微颗粒分离的影响。研究结果表明，该微流控方法能够成功实现不同尺寸微颗粒的高效分离。流量比和颗粒粒径对颗粒分离效果影响显著，随着流量比和颗粒粒径差异的增加，颗粒分离效率和分离纯度升高。总流量和流体物性对颗粒分离影响较弱。该新型微流控方法具有结构和操作简单、分离精度高、适用性广等优点，在能源化工、生物医学等领域具有巨大的应用潜力。

关键词: 微流控, 液固两相流, 颗粒分离, 层流, 微通道

Abstract:

The separation of microparticles widely exists in the energy, chemical, and biomedical fields. Based on the laminar effect, a new microfluidic method was proposed and investigated with the experiment by considering different flow conditions, properties of fluids and particles. The result shows that the present method enables the efficient separation of microparticles with different sizes. The flow rate ratio and the size difference between particles significantly influence the separation performance. The separation efficiency and the purity increase with the increase of the flow rate ratio and the size difference between particles. However, the total flow rate and the property of the fluid have almost no effect on the particle separation. With the advantages of simple structure, easy operation, high efficiency and wide applicability, the present method would have great potentials in practical applications.

Key words: microfluidic, liquid-solid two-phase flow, particle separation, laminar flow, microchannel

中图分类号:

TQ 056.2

刘律, 刘洁茹, 范亮亮, 赵亮. 基于层流效应的被动式颗粒分离微流控方法研究[J]. 化工学报, 2024, 75(S1): 67-75.

Lü LIU, Jieru LIU, Liangliang FAN, Liang ZHAO. Study on passive microfluidic method for particle separation based on laminar effect[J]. CIESC Journal, 2024, 75(S1): 67-75.

图/表 9

图1 颗粒分离示意图及通道尺寸参数

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of particle separation and dimension of the microchannel

图2 不同流量比下7和15 μm颗粒分离结果

Fig.2 Separation results of 7 and 15 μm particles under different flow rate ratios

表1 不同流量比下7和15 μm颗粒分离效率和分离纯度

Table 1 Separation efficiency and separation purity of 7 and 15 μm particles under different flow rate ratios

SR	15 μm		7 μm
SR	E/%	P/%	E/%	P/%
4	82.8	23.2	86.7	99.5
8	95.7	84.1	96.2	99.3
10	100	85.2	92.9	100
12	96.4	92.9	99.3	100
16	100	98.8	99.6	100
20	100	100	100	100

图3 不同流量下7和15 μm颗粒分离结果

Fig.3 Separation results of 7 and 15 μm particles at different flow rates

表2 不同流量下7和15 μm颗粒分离效率和分离纯度

Table 2 Separation efficiency and separation purity of 7 and 15 μm particles at different flow rates

总流量Q/(μl/min)	15 μm		7 μm
总流量Q/(μl/min)	E/%	P/%	E/%	P/%
1	88.9	91.4	98.9	99.6
5	100	100	100	100
10	100	98.8	99.6	100
20	100	100	99.8	100

图4 不同流体工质中7和15 μm颗粒分离结果

Fig.4 Separation results of 7 and 15 μm particles in different kinds of fluids

表3 不同流体工质中7和15 μm颗粒的分离效率和分离纯度

Table 3 Separation efficiency and separation purity of 7 and 15 μm particles in different kinds of fluids

流体工质	15 μm		7 μm
流体工质	E/%	P/%	E/%	P/%
NaCl溶液	100	85.1	97.9	100
0.5%PVP溶液	100	100	100	100
2%PVP溶液	100	94.4	99.5	100

图5 不同粒径颗粒的分离结果

Fig.5 Separation results of particles with different particle sizes

表4 不同颗粒粒径颗粒的分离效率和分离纯度

Table 4 Separation efficiency and separation purity of particles with different particle sizes

不同颗粒粒径/μm	E/%	P/%
4	57	100
10	85.9	31.8
7	99.6	100
15	100	98.8

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