考虑贫流股旁路的热-质交换网络同步优化

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20240580

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

热-质交换网络是系统工程中的重要领域，对质量交换子网络中贫流股进行处理可以有效回收传质过程中的多余热量，实现高效传质传热。目前的同步优化模型没有考虑到贫流股旁路对热-质交换网络的结构和年度综合费用的影响。因此，本文通过对质量交换子网络和热交换子网络的耦合关系分析，提出了基于旁路变换的内部贫流股间歇性换热策略来改进节点非结构模型。一方面，将具有单一换热性质的贫流股切割为多重换热流股，从而使热-质交换网络优化具有更丰富的结构；另一方面，贫流股旁路位置的不同也会影响优化效果。此外，由于该数学模型的求解域宽，直接求解的计算难度大，所以强制进化随机游走算法被用以求解该模型，其接受差解机制保证了全局搜索能力。采用本文所提出的同步优化方法对热-质交换网络算例进行优化，结果表明通过贫流股旁路位置变换获得了新的网络结构，增强了结构多样性；并且通过结构变异带动了年度综合费用的降低。这种方法对于节能减排的进一步推进具有重要意义。

关键词: 系统工程, 模型, 热-质交换网络, 算法, 贫流股旁路

Abstract:

Combined heat and mass exchanger network (CHMEN) plays an important role in system engineering field. The operation of lean stream in mass exchanger network can effectively recover excess heat in mass transfer process, enhancing mass transfer and heat transfer. The current simultaneous optimization methods ignore the impact of lean stream bypass on the structure and annual total cost of the CHMEN. Therefore, this paper proposes the intermittent heat exchange strategy based on the lean streams bypass transformation to develop the node-unstructured model, before that the coupling relationship between the mass exchanger sub-network and the heat exchanger sub-network is analyzed. On the one hand, the lean stream with single heat exchange property is divided into some streams to undertake stepwise heat exchange tasks, expanding network structure. On the other hand, the difference of the location of the lean streams bypass will also affect the optimization effect. Moreover, it is difficult to obtain the best solution due to the wide domain of the mathematical model, so random walk with compulsive evolution algorithm is adopted, where accepting bad solutions ensures the global search ability. The simultaneous optimization method proposed in this paper is used for two CHMEN examples. Results show that a new network structure can be found via changing the position of the lean streams bypass, improving the structural diversity. Meanwhile, the annual total cost is reduced through structure variation. This method is of great significance for the further promotion of energy conservation and emission reduction.

Key words: process systems, model, combined heat and mass exchange network, algorithm, lean streams bypass

中图分类号:

TQ 021.8

刘思琪, 易智康, 肖媛, 段欢欢, 崔国民. 考虑贫流股旁路的热-质交换网络同步优化[J]. 化工学报, DOI: 10.11949/0438-1157.20240580.

Siqi LIU, Zhikang YI, Yuan XIAO, Huanhuan DUAN, Guomin CUI. Simultaneous optimization of combined heat and mass exchange network synthesis considering lean stream bypass[J]. CIESC Journal, DOI: 10.11949/0438-1157.20240580.

图/表 14

图1 质量交换子网络和热交换子网络的耦合原理图

Fig. 1 The coupling principle of the sub-MEN and the sub-HEN.

图 2 允许旁路和分流的节点非结构模型

Fig. 2 The node-based non-structural model with bypass and splits.

图3 热-质交换网络的耦合模式中可能存在的贫流股旁路示意图

Fig. 3 The possible lean stream bypass in the coupling mode of the CHMEN.

图4 无属性流股上新单元的随机生成操作示意图

Fig. 4 The generation operation of new units in the indistinctive streams.

表 1 算例1的费用数据

Table 1 Cost data of example 1.

项目	数值
运行时长 (h/a)	8600
塔板单价 ($/stage/a)	4552
塔板效率 (%)	20
换热器费用 ($/a)	30000+750A^0.81
年化因子 (-)	0.2
S2 ($/kg)	0.001
热公用工程费用 ($·kW/a)	120
冷公用工程费用 ($·kW/a)	30

表 2 算例1的贫富流股数据

Table 2 Date of the rich/lean streams of example 1.

R _i	G_i (kg/s)	y_iⁱⁿ	y_i^out	S _j	L_j^up (kg/s)	x_jⁱⁿ	x_j^out
R₁	104	8.83×10^-4	5.00×10^-6	S₁	40	0.07557	≤0.115
R₂	442	7.00×10^-4	5.00×10^-6	S₂	∞	0.00100	≤0.010

表 3 算例1的贫富流股热力学数据

Table 3 Thermal data of the rich/lean streams of example 1.

流股	Tⁱⁿ (K)	T^out (K)	T^lo (K)	T^up (K)	cp (kJ/kg/K)
R₁	298	298	288	313	1.00
R₂	298	298	288	313	1.00
S₁	348	368	279	368	2.50
S₂	310	-	280	330	2.40
HU	453	452	-	-	-
CU	278	283	-	-	-

表 4 算例1的冷热流股数据

Table 4 Data of the hot/cold streams of example 1.

流股	FCP (kW/K)	Tⁱⁿ (K)	T^out (K)	h (kW·m²/K)
H₁	10.0	448	318	0.2
H₂	40.0	398	338	0.2
C₁	20.0	293	428	0.2
C₂	15.0	313	385	0.2

图5 基于不同贫流股旁路位置的优化结果

Fig. 5 The optimal results based on different positions of the lean streams bypass.

图6 没有贫流股旁路时所得到的优化结果

Fig. 6 The optimal results without the lean streams bypass.

图7 基于不同贫流股旁路位置的年度综合费用变化曲线图

Fig. 7 The curves of the annual total cost based on different positions of the lean streams bypass.

图8 优化过程中的传质单元个数和换热单元个数变化图

Fig. 8 The curves of the mass transfer units and the heat transfer units in the optimization process.

图9 采用本文优化方法求解算例2所得到的优化结果（TAC-HEN为254891 $/a，TAC-MEN为59176 $/a，TAC-HMEN为314067 $/a）

Fig. 9 The optimal result of example 2 using the optimization method in this study (TAC-HEN=254891 $/a，TAC-MEN=59176 $/a，TAC-HMEN=314067 $/a).

图10 文献[10]中算例2的优化结果（年度综合费用为321700 $/a）

Fig. 10 The optimal result of example 2 in reference [10] (TAC = 321700 $/a).

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