摩擦副界面微造型序列对气体密封性能的影响

doi:10.11949/j.issn.0438-1157.20181062

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

摩擦副表-界面的微型结构具有减少摩损、提高润滑性能等作用。在动、静环摩擦端面开设微槽与微孔的复合微造型跨尺度润滑气膜计算域模型，利用独有block映射技术的ICEM软件进行结构化网格划分，并对流场进行数值模拟。以密封的工况条件为出发点，结合微造型结构尺寸，从气膜开启力、泄漏量、润滑气膜摩擦系数及壁面剪切力四个方面展开讨论，结果表明：在介质压力和转速相同时，微孔的覆盖比对气体密封性能影响较大，增幅为5%～8%，并且当覆盖比为50%时气体密封的性能可达到最佳。之后以此为基准改变该模型微孔的密度、深度、直径，通过研究四种参数的变化规律发现微孔的密度和直径对密封性能提升较大，增幅为7%～8%，并且微孔密度为12.5%，深度为10 μm，直径为400 μm时气体密封性能可达到最佳水平。

关键词: 润滑性能, 磨损, 数值模拟, 微造型, 气体密封, 结构参数

Abstract:

The microstructures between the relatively sliding friction pair surface-interface can reduce attrition and improve lubricity. Computational domain model of cross scale lubrication film with micro-holes and micro-grooves on static and move rings were established. The lubrication film structured grids were meshed by the software ICEM with unique block mapping technology. Then the Fluent was used for numerical simulation. Taking the working conditions of the seal as the starting point, combined with the size of the micro-modeling structure, the paper discusses the four factors: the film opening force, the leakage amount, the friction coefficient of the lubricating film and the wall shearing force. The results showed that under the same medium pressure and rotational speed, the coverage ratio of micro-holes have a greater impact on the performance of gas sealing, and the increase is 5% to 8%, the gas sealing performance can achieve the best level when the coverage ratio of micro-holes is 50%. After that, the density, depth and diameter of the friction pair interface of the model were changed according to this criterion. It was found that the density and diameter of the micro-hole could significantly improve the sealing performance by 7% to 8%. And the gas seal performance can reach the best level when the micro-hole density is 12.5%, the depth is 10 μm and the diameter is 400 μm.

Key words: lubrication performance, attrition, numerical simulation, micro-texture, gas seal, structural parameters

中图分类号:

TH 117

陈传刚, 丁雪兴, 陆俊杰, 张伟政, 陈金林. 摩擦副界面微造型序列对气体密封性能的影响[J]. 化工学报, 2019, 70(3): 1016-1026.

Chuangang CHEN, Xuexing DING, Junjie LU, Weizheng ZHANG, Jinlin CHEN. Effect of friction pair interface micro-texture sequence on gas sealing performance[J]. CIESC Journal, 2019, 70(3): 1016-1026.

图/表 14

图1 密封环端面微造型几何模型

Fig.1 Geometric model of seal ring end face micro-texture

表1 密封环端面微造型结构参数

Table 1 Structural parameters of seal ring end face micro-texture

参数	符号	数值
外直径	Φ₀/mm	27
内直径	Φ_i /mm	14
槽根直径	Φ_g/mm	23.5
槽数	n	12
螺旋角	β/(°)	74
槽深	h₁/μm	8
气膜厚度	δ/μm	4
微孔密度	ρ/%	10
微孔深度	h₂/μm	4
微孔直径	D/μm	400

图2 微造型复合润滑气膜计算域（轴向放大100倍）

Fig.2 Calculative model of micro-texture composite lubrication film (axial magnification 100 times)

图3 微造型复合润滑气膜计算域模型网格划分步骤

Fig.3 Meshing step of micro-texture composite lubrication film calculation model

图4 网格的划分（截取1/4）

Fig.4 Division of grids(intercept 1/4)

表2 网格无关性验证参数对比

Table 2 Comparison of parameters for grid independence verification

网格数量

最大压力

p/MPa

最大流速

v/(m·s^-1)

计算时间

t/s

图5 润滑气膜压力分布云图

Fig.5 Pressure distribution of lubrication film

图6 润滑气膜速度分布云图

Fig.6 Velocity distribution of lubrication film

图7 润滑气膜壁面剪切力分布云图

Fig.7 Wall shear force distribution of lubrication film

图8 介质压力与微孔覆盖比对气体密封性能影响

Fig.8 Effect of medium pressure and micro-hole coverage ratio on gas sealing performance

图9 转速与微孔覆盖比对气体密封性能影响

Fig.9 Effect of rational speed and micro-hole coverage ratio on gas sealing performance

图10 不同微孔密度影响气体密封性能的各参数分布

Fig.10 Effect of different micro-hole density on gas sealing performance

图11 不同微孔深度影响气体密封性能的各参数分布

Fig.11 Effect of different micro-hole depth on gas sealing performance

图12 不同微孔直径影响气体密封性能的各参数分布

Fig.12 Effect of different micro-texture diameter on gas sealing performance

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