多孔碳负载五氧化二铌及其在超级电容器中的应用

doi:10.11949/j.issn.0438-1157.20151500

化工学报 ›› 2016, Vol. 67 ›› Issue (7): 3071-3077.DOI: 10.11949/j.issn.0438-1157.20151500

• 材料化学工程与纳米技术 • 上一篇下一篇

多孔碳负载五氧化二铌及其在超级电容器中的应用

李和顺¹, 高立新¹, 张大全¹, 林童²

1. 上海电力学院环境与化学工程学院, 上海市电力材料防护与新材料重点实验室, 上海 200090;
2. Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3216, Australia

收稿日期:2015-09-28 修回日期:2016-04-21 出版日期:2016-07-05 发布日期:2016-07-05
通讯作者: 张大全
基金资助:
上海市科学技术委员会资助项目（14DZ2261000）。

Preparation of niobium pentoxide loaded on porous carbon and its application in supercapacitors

LI Heshun¹, GAO Lixin¹, ZHANG Daquan¹, LIN Tong²

1. Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Protection and Advanced Materials in Electric Power, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai 200090, China;
2. Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3216, Australia

Received:2015-09-28 Revised:2016-04-21 Online:2016-07-05 Published:2016-07-05
Supported by:
supported by Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality (14DZ2261000).

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以间苯二酚、甲醛和草酸铌为原料，通过原位聚合和高温煅烧，制备出多孔碳负载的五氧化二铌（Nb₂O₅）材料。X射线粉末衍射和扫描电镜分析表明，负载在多孔碳表面上的五氧化二铌具有三维纳米凸起结构，属于正交晶型。循环伏安测试表明该复合材料的比电容达到290 F·g^-1，并具有良好的大电流放电能力，5 A·g^-1的放电电流下，容量可以达到108 F·g^-1。0.5 A·g^-1的首次放电容量为355 F·g^-1（1.0~3.0 V vs. Li⁺/Li），100次循环后容量保持率为82%。通过对交流阻抗图谱和等效电路的模拟分析，对其电化学赝电容特性进行了讨论。该复合材料降低了电解液中离子在充放电过程中的迁移路径和扩散阻力，实现Nb₂O₅活性材料的多维度接触，提高了Nb₂O₅的导电性，改善了其超级电容特性。

关键词: 五氧化二铌, 多孔碳, 超级电容器, 复合材料, 电化学, 合成

Abstract:

Niobium pentoxide (Nb₂O₅) loaded on porous carbon was synthesized from resorcinol, formaldehyde and niobium oxalate hydrate based on in-situ polymerization and high-temperature calcination. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) examinations showed that the orthorhombic type Nb₂O₅ was synthesized and loaded on porous carbon with protrusion on its surface. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) tests indicated that the specific capacitance of the composites was 290 F·g^-1 (1.0~3.0 V vs. Li⁺/Li) with a good large-current discharge capability evidenced by the capacitance of 108 F·g^-1 at a large-current of 5 A·g^-1. The initial capacitance was 355 F·g^-1at 0.5 A·g^-1 with 82% capacitance being maintained after 100 cycles. The pseudocapacitance characteristics of the complex was studied by analyzing the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and simulation of equivalent circuit. The improved conductivity and pseudocapacitance of Nb₂O₅ were due to several factors including the shortened distance in the composites and the reduced diffusion resistance of the Li⁺ in the electrolyte during the charge-discharge process and the enhanced contact with the electrolyte because of the protrusion morphology.

Key words: Nb₂O₅, porous carbon, supercapacitors, composites, electrochemistry, synthesis

中图分类号:

O646
TB34

李和顺, 高立新, 张大全, 林童. 多孔碳负载五氧化二铌及其在超级电容器中的应用[J]. 化工学报, 2016, 67(7): 3071-3077.

LI Heshun, GAO Lixin, ZHANG Daquan, LIN Tong. Preparation of niobium pentoxide loaded on porous carbon and its application in supercapacitors[J]. CIESC Journal, 2016, 67(7): 3071-3077.

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多孔碳负载五氧化二铌及其在超级电容器中的应用

Preparation of niobium pentoxide loaded on porous carbon and its application in supercapacitors

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