CO2-原油体系发泡特性实验研究

doi:10.11949/j.issn.0438-1157.20180716

化工学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 70 ›› Issue (1): 251-260.DOI: 10.11949/j.issn.0438-1157.20180716

CO₂-原油体系发泡特性实验研究

王财林^1,²(),顾帅威^1,²,李玉星^1,²(),胡其会^1,²,滕霖^1,²,王婧涵^1,²,马宏涛^1,²,张大同^1,²

1. 中国石油大学(华东)山东省油气储运安全省级重点实验室，山东青岛 266580
2. 中国石油天然气股份有限公司油气储运重点实验室，山东青岛 266580

收稿日期:2018-07-02 修回日期:2018-11-06 出版日期:2019-01-05 发布日期:2019-01-05
通讯作者: 李玉星
作者简介:王财林（1995—），男，博士研究生，<email>842691167@qq.com</email>|李玉星（1970—），男，博士，教授，<email>liyx@upc.edu.cn</email>
基金资助:
国家科技重大专项项目(2016ZX05016-002);中国石油天然气股份有限公司油气储运重点实验室项目(GDGS-KJZX-2016-JS-379)

Experimental study on foaming characteristics of CO₂-crude oil mixture

Cailin WANG^1,²(),Shuaiwei GU^1,²,Yuxing LI^1,²(),Qihui HU^1,²,Lin TENG^1,²,Jinghan WANG^1,²,Hongtao MA^1,²,Datong ZHANG^1,²

1. Provincial Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Storage and Transportation Security, China University of Petroleum East China, Qingdao 266580, Shandong, China
2. Key Laboratory of Oil & Gas Storage & Transportation, PetroChina, Qingdao 266580, Shandong, China

Received:2018-07-02 Revised:2018-11-06 Online:2019-01-05 Published:2019-01-05
Contact: Yuxing LI

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为研究CO₂驱油田分离器内泡沫层产生及消除机理，设计了一套高压溶气原油泡沫测试系统，采用降压法研究了CO₂-原油体系的发泡特性。利用高速摄像机对泡沫产生至衰变的演变过程进行了记录，总结分析了不同降压阶段的气泡行为，研究了降压速率和搅拌速率对原油发泡特性的影响规律。研究发现，随压力降低，稳定存在气泡的直径增大，气泡位置上移，发泡行为更加剧烈；降压速率增加对降压阶段的发泡行为无明显影响，但会加剧稳定工作压力下的发泡行为；在转速小于等于120 r/min的条件下，搅拌速率增加会加剧降压阶段的发泡行为，但会加速稳定工作压力下的泡沫衰变。

关键词: 二氧化碳, 石油, 泡沫, 分离, 降压, 搅拌

Abstract:

CO₂ enhanced oil recovery (CO₂-EOR) technique is a good choice that can not only limit global warming, but also cut the high cost of carbon capture and storage (CCS). CO₂ flooding produced fluid contains large amounts of CO₂ and a lot of foam will generate in the separation process due to decompression. To study the foaming characteristics of CO₂-crude oil system in oilfield separators, an experimental system was designed to simulate the real environment. Depressurization method was used to study the foam behavior in the tests. The foaming process of dissolved crude oil could be divided into depressurization stage and stable working pressure stage. Foam evolution from generation to attenuation was recorded by high-speed camera, and foam behaviors at different stages were summarized and analyzed. Foaming process could be divided into five stages: bubble formation, arrangement with single layer, bubble coalescence, bubble breakage and multilayer stack. As pressure decreased, the diameters of stable bubbles increased and the foam position moved upwards, and foaming behavior became more violent. In addition, foam form in crude oil belonged to spherical foam and the Gibbs-Marangoni effect of foam was found in the tests. The attenuation mechanism and influencing factors of CO₂ foam were analyzed and it was found that gas diffusion was the main mechanism for CO₂ foam attenuation. Furthermore, the effects of depressurization rate and stirring rate on the properties of foam were studied. The results show that the increase in depressurization rate had no obvious effect on the foaming behavior in depressurization process while it would aggravate the foaming behavior under stable working pressure. When the rotation speed is less than or equal to 120 r/min, the increase of the stirring rate will aggravate the foaming behavior in the depressurization stage, but accelerate the foam decay under stable working pressure.

Key words: carbon dioxide, petroleum, foam, separation, decompression, stirring

中图分类号:

TE 868

王财林, 顾帅威, 李玉星, 胡其会, 滕霖, 王婧涵, 马宏涛, 张大同. CO₂-原油体系发泡特性实验研究[J]. 化工学报, 2019, 70(1): 251-260.

Cailin WANG, Shuaiwei GU, Yuxing LI, Qihui HU, Lin TENG, Jinghan WANG, Hongtao MA, Datong ZHANG. Experimental study on foaming characteristics of CO₂-crude oil mixture[J]. CIESC Journal, 2019, 70(1): 251-260.

图/表 14

图1 实验装置

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of experimental system

表1 黑-46油样四组分测定结果

Table 1 SARA compositions of H-46 oil sample

Component	Mass fraction/%
saturates	69.54
aromatics	22.48
resins	7.40
asphaltenes	0.58

表2 实验工况参数

Table 2 Experimental conditions

Number	Stable initial pressure/MPa	Stable working pressure/MPa	Gas and liquid temperature/℃	Depressurization rate/(MPa/min)	Stirring rate in depressurization process/(r/min)	Stirring rate under stable working pressure/(r/min)
1	2	0.5	40	0.38	0	0
2	2	0.5	40	0.65	0	0
3	2	0.5	40	2.11	0	0
4	2	0.5	40	0.38	80	0
5	2	0.5	40	0.38	120	0
6	2	0.5	40	0.38	0	80
7	2	0.5	40	0.38	0	120

图2 不同压力下的溶解度

Fig.2 Solubility under different pressures

图3 气泡产生

Fig.3 Bubble formation

图4 气泡单层排列

Fig.4 Arrangement with single layer

图5 气泡聚并与衰变

Fig.5 Bubble coalescence and breakage

图6 多气泡间的聚并行为

Fig.6 Multi-bubble coalescence behavior

图7 泡沫体结构

Fig.7 Foam structure diagram

图8 气泡多层堆叠

Fig.8 Multilayer stack of foam

图9 不同降压速率下的压降曲线

Fig.9 Pressure drop curves at different depressurization rates

图10 降压速率对稳定工作压力下发泡的影响

Fig.10 Effect of pressure drop rate on foaming under stable working pressure

图11 搅拌速率对降压阶段发泡的影响

Fig.11 Effect of stirring rate on foaming in depressurization process

图12 搅拌速率对稳定工作压力下发泡的影响

Fig.12 Effect of stirring rate on foaming under stable working pressure

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CO₂-原油体系发泡特性实验研究

Experimental study on foaming characteristics of CO₂-crude oil mixture

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