蒸发冷却条件下管内LiCl和CaCl2溶液降膜除湿性能对比

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20191049

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

介绍了一种基于蒸发冷却的外冷型溶液除湿装置设计原理及实验样机结构。分别以LiCl和CaCl₂溶液为除湿剂，以除湿率和除湿空气出口温度为评价指标，通过实验对比分析了LiCl和CaCl₂在蒸发冷却条件下的除湿性能差异。结果表明：在所有实验条件下，浓度为0.35的LiCl溶液与浓度为0.45的CaCl₂溶液除湿性能相似，其除湿率与对应空气出口温度均高于浓度为0.35的CaCl₂溶液；浓度为0.35的LiCl溶液比浓度为0.35的CaCl₂溶液的除湿率要约提高73%，并且空气流量越大其绝对提高值越大。另外，蒸发冷却空气流量增加除使除湿率增加外还会降低空气出口温度，约1.4℃；改变喷淋水温度对CaCl₂溶液除湿性能的影响比对LiCl溶液更为明显。研究结果为该种外冷型溶液除湿器的实际应用提供参考。

关键词: 水溶液, 传热传质, 实验验证, 蒸发冷却, 除湿

Abstract:

The paper introduces the design principle and experimental prototype structure of an external cooling solution dehumidifier based on evaporative cooling. By using the LiCl and CaCl₂ solution as liquid desiccant and taking the dehumidification rate and corresponding dehumidification air outlet temperature as evaluation indexes, the dehumidification performance difference of LiCl and CaCl₂ solutions under externally evaporative cooling conditions are analyzed and compared through a series of experiments. The results show that the dehumidification performance of LiCl solution with 0.35 mass ratio is similar to that of CaCl₂ solution with 0.45 mass ratio, whose dehumidification rate and corresponding air outlet temperature are both higher than CaCl₂ solution with 0.35 mass ratio. Moreover, the dehumidification rate of LiCl solution with 0.35 mass ratio is about 73% higher than that of CaCl₂ solution with 0.35 mass ratio, and the larger air flow rate leads to a greater dehumidification rate difference. In addition, the increase of evaporative cooling air flow rate can not only increase the dehumidification rate, but also reduce the corresponding air outlet temperature by about 1.4℃. The effect of the spray water temperature on the dehumidification performance of CaCl₂ solution is more obvious than that of LiCl solution. The research results provide a reference for the practical application of this kind of externally cooled dehumidifier.

Key words: aqueous solution, heat/mass transfer, experimental validation, evaporative cooling, dehumidification

中图分类号:

TU 831.6

彭冬根, 徐少华. 蒸发冷却条件下管内LiCl和CaCl₂溶液降膜除湿性能对比[J]. 化工学报, 2020, 71(4): 1554-1561.

Donggen PENG, Shaohua XU. Experimental comparison on dehumidification performance of LiCl and CaCl₂ under evaporative cooling condition[J]. CIESC Journal, 2020, 71(4): 1554-1561.

图/表 9

图1 实验系统原理图与实物图 1—溶液泵; 2—板式换热器; 3—溶液桶1(浓溶液); 4—溶液桶2(稀溶液); 5—水泵; 6—管道加热器; 7—水阀; 8—流量计; 9—喷嘴（水）; 10—除湿管; 11—管外肋片; 12—室内干湿球温度测量点; 13—顶部溶液槽; 14—底部溶液槽

Fig.1 Schematic and photographs of experimental system

表1 实验测量参数及仪器

Table 1 Experimental parameters and instruments

测量参数	仪器	测量范围	测量误差
空气干湿球温度	热电偶	-10~50℃	±0.1℃
空气流量	标准喷嘴+压力计	200~3000 m3/h	±1%
溶液温度	热电偶	0~100℃	±0.1℃
溶液密度	密度计	1200~1300 kg/m3	±1 kg/m3
	密度计	1300~1400 kg/m3	±1 kg/m3
	密度计	1400~1500 kg/m3	±1 kg/m3
溶液流量	流量计	0~10 L/min	±0.1 L/min
蒸发冷却空气流量	热线风速仪	0.3~30 m/s	±0.01 m/s
喷淋水温度	热电偶	0~100℃	±0.1℃
喷淋水流量	流量计	0~10 L/min	±0.1 L/min

表2 除湿实验工况及范围

Table 2 Parameter range of dehumidification condition

参数	基准值	范围
空气干球温度(包括蒸发冷却空气)/℃	35.5	—
相对湿度(包括蒸发冷却空气)/%	59	56%~81%
空气流量/(kg/s)	0.16	0.07~0.38
溶液浓度	0.35(CaCl₂, LiCl)	—
溶液浓度	0.45(CaCl₂)	—
溶液温度/℃	30	26~36
溶液流量/( kg/s)	0.10	0.06~0.11
蒸发冷却空气流量/( kg/s)	0.6447519	0~1.12
喷淋水温度/℃	32	32~40
喷淋水流量/(kg/s)	0.077	—

图2 空气相对湿度对除湿率和空气出口温度的影响

Fig.2 Impact of inlet air relative humidity on W t and T a,out

图3 空气入口流量对除湿率和空气出口温度的影响

Fig.3 Impact of inlet air flow rate on W t and T a,out

图4 溶液入口温度对除湿率和空气出口温度的影响

Fig.4 Impact of inlet solution temperature on W t and T a,out

图5 溶液流量对除湿率和空气出口温度的影响

Fig.5 Impact of inlet solution flow rate on W t and T a,out

图6 蒸发冷却空气流量对除湿率和空气出口温度的影响

Fig.6 Impact of evaporative cooling air flow rate on W t and T a,out

图7 喷淋水温度对除湿率和空气出口温度的影响

Fig.7 Impact of spay water temperature on W t and T a,out

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蒸发冷却条件下管内LiCl和CaCl₂溶液降膜除湿性能对比

Experimental comparison on dehumidification performance of LiCl and CaCl₂ under evaporative cooling condition

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