光驱动微生物杂合系统提高生物制造水平

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20221321

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

太阳能作为最丰富且可再生的清洁能源，具有非常大的成本效益和发展潜力。自然光合作用效率低且难以干预，人工光合作用不稳定且成本高。以绿色、低碳的方式实现太阳能-化学的转化是现代社会可持续发展的迫切需要，也符合绿色生物制造的需求。光驱动微生物杂合系统作为一项新兴技术将非生物光敏材料与微生物全细胞结合起来，利用光敏材料优良的光吸收能力和微生物的特定高效合成能力，在利用太阳能驱动合成燃料和化学品方面显示出较大潜力。本文综述了光驱动微生物杂合系统在质子还原制氢、CO₂还原转化、固氮和C—H键氧化等重要反应中的应用，并对光驱动微生物杂合系统未来的发展趋势进行了展望。

关键词: 光生电子, 纳米材料, 合成生物学, 微生物杂合系统, 生物催化

Abstract:

As the most abundant and cleanest renewable energy, solar energy has great cost-competitive and development potential. The natural photosynthesis is inherently inefficient and difficult to intervene, while artificial photosynthesis is unstable and costly. It is an urgent need for sustainable development to realize solar-to-chemical conversion in a green and low-carbon way, which is also in line with the demand of green biomanufacturing. Light-driven microbial hybrid system is an emerging technology that integrates the excellent light absorption ability of photosensitizer materials and the specific and efficient synthesis ability of whole-cell microbes, holding great potential in solar-driven fuels and chemicals conversion. This paper reviews the application of light-driven microbial hybrid systems in important reactions such as proton reduction hydrogen production, CO₂ reduction conversion, nitrogen fixation, and C—H bond oxidation, and looks forward to the future development trend of light-driven microbial hybrid systems.

Key words: photogenerated electrons, nanomaterials, synthetic biology, microbial hybrid system, biocatalysis

中图分类号:

Q 81

刘昕, 戈钧, 李春. 光驱动微生物杂合系统提高生物制造水平[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(1): 330-341.

Xin LIU, Jun GE, Chun LI. Light-driven microbial hybrid systems improve level of biomanufacturing[J]. CIESC Journal, 2023, 74(1): 330-341.

图/表 5

图1 光驱动微生物杂合系统提高生物制造水平

Fig.1 Light-driven microbial hybrid systems improve the level of biomanufacturing

图2 光驱动微生物杂合系统产氢

Fig.2 Light-driven microbial hybrid systems for hydrogen production

表1 光驱动微生物杂合系统还原转化CO2生产高价值化合物

Table 1 Summary of the performances of light-driven microbial hybrid systems for CO2 reduction

微生物	光敏材料	产物	效率	文献
M. thermoacetica	CdS NPs	acetate	quantum yield 2.44%±0.62%	[65]
M. thermoacetica	Au NCs	acetate	quantum yield 2.86%±0.38%	[66]
M. thermoacetica	PFP/PDI	acetate	quantum yield 1.6%	[18]
M. barkeri	CdS NPs	CH₄	quantum yield 0.34%	[67]
M. barkeri	^NCNCNx	CH₄	quantum yield 50.3%	[68]
M. barkeri	NiCu@CdS	CH₄	quantum yield 12.41%±0.16%	[69]
R. palustris	CdS NPs	C₂₊	photosynthetic efficiency 5.98%	[70]
C. necator	QDs	C₂₊	turnover number 10⁶—10⁸	[71]

图3 光驱动微生物杂合系统固氮

Fig.3 Light-driven microbial hybrid systems for nitrogen fixation

图4 光驱动微生物杂合系统C—H键氧化

Fig.4 Light-driven microbial hybrid system for C—H bond oxidation

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