化工学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 70 ›› Issue (1): 327-335.DOI: 10.11949/j.issn.0438-1157.20180715
收稿日期:
2018-07-02
修回日期:
2018-09-29
出版日期:
2019-01-05
发布日期:
2019-01-05
通讯作者:
宋永明
作者简介:
王发扬(1992—),男,硕士,<email>wchongyang741123@163.com</email>|宋永明(1978—),男,博士,副教授,<email>ymsong@nefu.edu.cn</email>
基金资助:
Fayang WANG(),Jun DU,Lu DAI,Haichao WU,Youyong WANG,Yongming SONG()
Received:
2018-07-02
Revised:
2018-09-29
Online:
2019-01-05
Published:
2019-01-05
Contact:
Yongming SONG
摘要:
研究了马来酸酐(MAH)/二乙烯基苯(DVB)接枝聚乳酸(PLA-g-DVB/MAH)对微晶纤维素(MCC)/聚乳酸(PLA)复合材料性能的影响。首先采用熔融接枝法,将DVB作为MAH的共聚单体接枝到PLA分子链上制备PLA-g-DVB/MAH接枝聚合物,然后以PLA-g-DVB/MAH为相容剂,采用注射成型法制备MCC/PLA复合材料。利用FTIR对PLA-g-DVB/MAH进行表征,探究了PLA-g-DVB/MAH对MCC/PLA复合材料流变及力学性能的影响。结果表明,MAH成功接枝到PLA上,并得到接枝聚合物PLA-g-DVB/MAH;添加PLA-g-DVB/MAH后,MCC/PLA复合材料的储能模量、复数黏度、平衡扭矩以及剪切热都有明显升高;PLA-g-DVB/MAH的添加有利于改善MCC和PLA的界面相容性,进而提高了MCC/PLA复合材料的力学性能。
中图分类号:
王发扬, 杜军, 代璐, 吴海超, 王友勇, 宋永明. 马来酸酐/二乙烯基苯接枝聚乳酸对微晶纤维素/聚乳酸复合材料性能的影响[J]. 化工学报, 2019, 70(1): 327-335.
Fayang WANG, Jun DU, Lu DAI, Haichao WU, Youyong WANG, Yongming SONG. Effect of divinylbenzene-assisted maleic anhydride grafted poly(lactic acid) on properties of microcrystalline cellulose/poly(lactic acid) composites[J]. CIESC Journal, 2019, 70(1): 327-335.
Sample | PLA/% (mass) | MCC/% (mass) | Relative to mass of MCC and PLA |
---|---|---|---|
PLA-g-DVB/MAH/%(mass) | |||
PC | 80 | 20 | 0 |
PCD1 | 80 | 20 | 1 |
PCD3 | 80 | 20 | 3 |
PCD5 | 80 | 20 | 5 |
PCD7 | 80 | 20 | 7 |
表1 MCC/PLA复合材料的组成
Table 1 Compositions of various MCC/PLA composites
Sample | PLA/% (mass) | MCC/% (mass) | Relative to mass of MCC and PLA |
---|---|---|---|
PLA-g-DVB/MAH/%(mass) | |||
PC | 80 | 20 | 0 |
PCD1 | 80 | 20 | 1 |
PCD3 | 80 | 20 | 3 |
PCD5 | 80 | 20 | 5 |
PCD7 | 80 | 20 | 7 |
Sample | Grafting degree/% |
---|---|
PLA-g-MAH | 0.59 |
PLA-g-DVB/MAH | 1.99 |
表2 DVB对接枝率的影响
Table 2 Influence of DVB on grafting degree
Sample | Grafting degree/% |
---|---|
PLA-g-MAH | 0.59 |
PLA-g-DVB/MAH | 1.99 |
Sample | MFR/(g·(10 min)-1) |
---|---|
PLA | 13.23 |
PLA-g-MAH | 24.23 |
PLA-g-MAH/DVB | 17.22 |
表3 PLA及其接枝物的熔体流动速率
Table 3 Melt flow rate of PLA and grafted copolymer
Sample | MFR/(g·(10 min)-1) |
---|---|
PLA | 13.23 |
PLA-g-MAH | 24.23 |
PLA-g-MAH/DVB | 17.22 |
图4 不同PLA-g-DVB/MAH添加量的MCC/PLA复合体系转矩和温度随时间的变化
Fig.4 Curves depicting torque and temperature as a function of time of MCC /PLA composites with different content of PLA-g-DVB/MAH
Sample | T e/(N·m) | ΔT/℃ |
---|---|---|
PC | 3.82 | 7.77 |
PCD1 | 5.89 | 8.76 |
PCD3 | 6.50 | 9.89 |
PCD5 | 6.16 | 9.28 |
PCD7 | 5.36 | 8.35 |
表4 不同PLA-g-DVB/MAH添加量的MCC/PLA复合体系的平衡转矩和剪切热
Table 4 Torque rheological parameters of MCC/PLA composites with different content of PLA-g-DVB/MAH
Sample | T e/(N·m) | ΔT/℃ |
---|---|---|
PC | 3.82 | 7.77 |
PCD1 | 5.89 | 8.76 |
PCD3 | 6.50 | 9.89 |
PCD5 | 6.16 | 9.28 |
PCD7 | 5.36 | 8.35 |
Sample | Tensile strength/MPa | Flexural strength/MPa | Impact strength/(kJ·m-2) | Elongation at break/% |
---|---|---|---|---|
PC | 45.23±1.31 | 97.05±0.56 | 13.1±0.71 | 3.81±0.11 |
PCM3 | 50.33±0.51 | 105.39±1.32 | 15.66±0.2 | 4.01±0.1 |
PCD3 | 54.38±0.69 | 113.17±0.51 | 17.62±0.14 | 4.38±0.11 |
表5 添加不同接枝率MAH接枝PLA下MCC/PLA复合材料的力学性能
Table 5 Mechanical properties of MCC/PLA composites comprising compatibilizer with different degrees
Sample | Tensile strength/MPa | Flexural strength/MPa | Impact strength/(kJ·m-2) | Elongation at break/% |
---|---|---|---|---|
PC | 45.23±1.31 | 97.05±0.56 | 13.1±0.71 | 3.81±0.11 |
PCM3 | 50.33±0.51 | 105.39±1.32 | 15.66±0.2 | 4.01±0.1 |
PCD3 | 54.38±0.69 | 113.17±0.51 | 17.62±0.14 | 4.38±0.11 |
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