多苯环双子季铵盐在油水两相中的传质性能

doi:10.11949/j.issn.0438-1157.20181401

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

采用紫外分光光度法测定了2种联结基不同的阳离子双子季铵盐缓蚀剂(bi-PDTBP和PDTBP)在油水两相中的分配系数，通过分配系数及有关理论，计算出2种阳离子双子季铵盐缓蚀剂在分配时的热力学参数，并系统考察了温度、油水比例、盐浓度、缓蚀剂浓度和时间对缓蚀剂在油水介质中迁移的影响；最后通过失重法研究了2种缓蚀剂在1 mol/L盐酸中对Q235钢的缓蚀性能。结果表明：温度和缓蚀剂浓度可促进缓蚀剂在油水介质中的分配，而盐浓度和油水比例会阻碍缓蚀剂在油水介质中的分配；另外，随着2种缓蚀剂浓度的增加，缓蚀效率逐渐提高，且bi-PDTBP在高温下的缓蚀性能优于PDTBP。

关键词: 传质, 界面, 腐蚀, 分配系数, 缓蚀剂

Abstract:

Distribution coefficients of two kinds of cationic gemini quaternary ammonium salt corrosion inhibitors (bi-PDTBP and PDTBP) between water and oil were measured by ultraviolet spectrophotometry, from which thermodynamic parameters were calculated. Effects of temperature, oil-water ratio, salt content, inhibitor concentration and time on the mass transfer between water and oil were systematically investigated. Finally, the corrosion inhibition performance of two corrosion inhibitors for Q235 steel in 1 mol/L hydrochloric acid was studied by weight loss experiments. Results showed that temperature and inhibitor concentration can promote the mass transfer of corrosion inhibitors between oil-water two phases, while oil-water ratio and salt concentration can hinder the mass transfer of corrosion inhibitors between oil-water two phases. The mass transfer process is spontaneous and endothermic reaction accompanied by an increase in entropy. In addition, as the concentration of two inhibitors increases, the corrosion inhibition efficiency increases gradually, and bi-PDTBP showed greater corrosion inhibition effect than PDTBP at high temperature.

Key words: mass transfer, interface, corrosion, distribution coefficient, inhibitor

中图分类号:

O 647

张光华, 董秋辰, 刘晶. 多苯环双子季铵盐在油水两相中的传质性能[J]. 化工学报, 2019, 70(S1): 61-68.

Guanghua ZHANG, Qiuchen DONG, Jing LIU. Two-phase mass transfer of multi-benzene gemini quaternary ammonium salt in oil-water[J]. CIESC Journal, 2019, 70(S1): 61-68.

图/表 12

图1 2种双子季铵盐缓蚀剂的合成路线(n=1,2)

Fig.1 Chemical reaction for two gemini quaternary ammonium salts(n=1,2)

图2 2种双子季铵盐缓蚀剂的标准曲线

Fig.2 Standard curve of two gemini quaternary ammonium salts

表1 不同温度下缓蚀剂在油水两相中的吸光度和浓度

Table 1 Absorbance and concentration of two inhibitors in oil-water two phases at different temperatures

Temperature/℃	bi-PDTBP		PDTBP
Temperature/℃	Absorbancy	$c w$ /(mg/L)	Absorbancy	$c w$ /(mg/L)
25	0.736	33.369	0.457	34.958
30	0.754	34.705	0.463	36.181
35	0.768	35.767	0.468	37.108
40	0.776	36.424	0.471	37.728
45	0.791	37.528	0.474	38.316
50	0.795	37.876	0.476	38.761
55	0.797	38.03	0.477	38.992
60	0.78	38.229	0.478	39.232

表1 不同温度下缓蚀剂在油水两相中的吸光度和浓度

Table 1 Absorbance and concentration of two inhibitors in oil-water two phases at different temperatures

Temperature/℃	bi-PDTBP		PDTBP
Temperature/℃	Absorbancy	$c w$ /(mg/L)	Absorbancy	$c w$ /(mg/L)
25	0.736	33.369	0.457	34.958
30	0.754	34.705	0.463	36.181
35	0.768	35.767	0.468	37.108
40	0.776	36.424	0.471	37.728
45	0.791	37.528	0.474	38.316
50	0.795	37.876	0.476	38.761
55	0.797	38.03	0.477	38.992
60	0.78	38.229	0.478	39.232

表2 不同温度下缓蚀剂在油水两相中的Kw/o和?Go→w

Table 2 Kw/o and ?Go→w of two inhibitors in oil-water two phases at different temperatures

Temperature/℃	bi-PDTBP		PDTBP
Temperature/℃	$K w / o$	$? G o → w$ / (kJ/mol)	$K w / o$	$? G o → w$ / (kJ/mol)
25	1.253	?0.558	1.396	?0.826
30	1.372	?0.796	1.519	?1.053
35	1.476	?0.997	1.621	?1.237
40	1.545	?1.132	1.694	?1.371
45	1.67	?1.259	1.767	?1.505
50	1.712	?1.444	1.825	?1.615
55	1.731	?1.496	1.856	?1.686
60	1.756	?1.559	1.889	?1.761

表2 不同温度下缓蚀剂在油水两相中的Kw/o和?Go→w

Table 2 Kw/o and ?Go→w of two inhibitors in oil-water two phases at different temperatures

Temperature/℃	bi-PDTBP		PDTBP
Temperature/℃	$K w / o$	$? G o → w$ / (kJ/mol)	$K w / o$	$? G o → w$ / (kJ/mol)
25	1.253	?0.558	1.396	?0.826
30	1.372	?0.796	1.519	?1.053
35	1.476	?0.997	1.621	?1.237
40	1.545	?1.132	1.694	?1.371
45	1.67	?1.259	1.767	?1.505
50	1.712	?1.444	1.825	?1.615
55	1.731	?1.496	1.856	?1.686
60	1.756	?1.559	1.889	?1.761

图3 bi-PDTBP和PDTBP在两相的lnKw/o对1/T关系

Fig.3 Relationship between lnKw/oand 1/T for bi-PDTBP and PDTBP

图4 缓蚀剂在不同油酸比例中的分配系数

Fig.4 Distribution coefficients of two inhibitors in different proportion of oil and HCl

表3 不同盐浓度下缓蚀剂的吸光度与浓度

Table 3 Absorbance and concentration of two inhibitors at different salt contents

Salinity/%	bi-PDTBP		PDTBP
Salinity/%	Absorbancy	$c w$ /(mg/L)	Absorbancy	$c w$ /(mg/L)
0	0.754	34.705	0.463	36.181
0.2	0.556	19.487	0.382	20.291
0.4	0.456	11.768	0.342	12.494
0.6	0.384	6.285	0.316	7.322
0.8	0.365	4.802	0.306	5.405
1	0.344	3.182	0.299	4.082

表3 不同盐浓度下缓蚀剂的吸光度与浓度

Table 3 Absorbance and concentration of two inhibitors at different salt contents

Salinity/%	bi-PDTBP		PDTBP
Salinity/%	Absorbancy	$c w$ /(mg/L)	Absorbancy	$c w$ /(mg/L)
0	0.754	34.705	0.463	36.181
0.2	0.556	19.487	0.382	20.291
0.4	0.456	11.768	0.342	12.494
0.6	0.384	6.285	0.316	7.322
0.8	0.365	4.802	0.306	5.405
1	0.344	3.182	0.299	4.082

图5 缓蚀剂在不同盐浓度中的分配系数

Fig.5 Distribution coefficients of two inhibitors in different salt contents

图6 缓蚀剂浓度在油水两相中的分配系数

Fig.6 Distribution coefficients of two inhibitor concentrations in oil and water phase

图7 缓蚀剂在不同时间下的分配系数

Fig.7 Distribution coefficients of two inhibitors at different time

图8 不同缓蚀剂浓度下Q235钢的腐蚀速率和缓蚀效率

Fig.8 Corrosion rate and inhibition efficiency of Q235 steel at different concentrations of inhibitors

图9 不同缓蚀剂浓度下Q235钢缓蚀效率与温度的关系

Fig.9 Relationship between inhibition efficiency and temperature at different concentrations of inhibitors

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