微尺度内液-液传质及反应过程强化的研究进展

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20201114

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

微化工技术作为一种高效的过程强化技术获得了广泛应用。本文从流动、传递及反应三者之间的耦合机制出发，系统综述了近十五年以来关于微尺度内液-液两相流动与传质过程特征、强化传质的微反应器、评价标准及其在化学品合成与材料制备中的应用等方面的研究进展，并对其未来发展方向进行了展望。

关键词: 微尺度, 微反应器, 微化工技术, 两相流动, 过程强化, 质量传递

Abstract:

Micro-chemical technology has been widely used as an efficient process intensification technology. This paper starts with the coupling mechanism among hydrodynamics, transport and reaction, and reviews the latest progress and development of research on characteristics of hydrodynamics and mass transfer for liquid-liquid systems at microscale, various types of microreactors with mass transfer process intensification, its evaluation criteria, and relevant applications on synthesis of chemicalsand materials. Finally, future development of microchemical technology regarding liquid-liquid two-phase systems is envisaged.

Key words: microscale, microreactor, microchemical technology, two-phase flow, process intensification, mass transfer

中图分类号:

TQ 052

李光晓,刘塞尔,苏远海. 微尺度内液-液传质及反应过程强化的研究进展[J]. 化工学报, 2021, 72(1): 452-467.

LI Guangxiao,LIU Sai'er,SU Yuanhai. Research progress on micro-scale internal liquid-liquid mass transfer and reaction process enhancement[J]. CIESC Journal, 2021, 72(1): 452-467.

图/表 8

图1 微尺度内液-液两相流型[5-7, 9-10]流型形成阶段：(a) 弹状流，(b) 单分散液滴流，(c) 液滴群流，(d) 射流，(e) 环状流，(f) 具有光滑界面的平行流，(g) 界面处有漩涡存在的平行流，(h) 不规则薄条纹流；流型稳定阶段：(i) 弹状流，(j) 单分散液滴流，(k) 液滴群流，(l) 平行流，(m) 环状流，(n) 弹状分散流，(o) 液滴分散流，(p) 环状分散流

Fig.1 Flow patterns of liquid-liquid two phases at microscale[5-7, 9-10]Flow pattern formation stage: (a) slug flow, (b) monodispersed droplet flow, (c) droplet populations flow, (d) jetting flow, (e) annular flow, (f) parallel flow with smooth interface, (g) parallel flow with wavy interface, (h) chaotic thin striations flow; Flow patterns in steady stage: (i) slug flow, (j) monodispersed droplet flow, (k) droplet populations flow, (l) parallel flow, (m) annular flow, (n) slug-dispersed flow, (o) droplet-dispersed flow, (p) annular-dispersed flow

图2 典型的微尺度内液-液两相流型分布[5, 9, 22-23]（下角标: C,c为连续相；D,d为分散相；ks为油相；ws，aq为水相；org为有机相）

Fig.2 Typical liquid-liquid flow pattern maps at the microscale[5, 9, 22-23]

图3 不同反应器的总体积传质系数[4, 27-29]

Fig.3 Volumetric mass transfer coefficients in different scaled reactors[4, 27-29]

图4 超声微反应器内的空化致乳效应[62, 70]

Fig.4 Acoustic induced emulsification effect in ultrasonic microreactors[62, 70]

图5 几种典型的膜分散微反应器[4, 72-73]

Fig.5 Typical microsieve dispersion microreactors[4, 72-73]

图6 几种典型的在通道内设置障碍物强化传质的微反应器[29, 81-83]

Fig.6 Typical microreactors with mass transfer intensification through packing baffles or barriers[29, 81-83]

图7 惰气搅拌式过程强化微反应器[27, 86]

Fig.7 Microreactors with mass transfer intensification by gas agitation[27, 86]

图8 不同传质强化微反应器的总体积传质系数和比能耗[29, 70, 79]

Fig.8 Overall volumetric mass transfer coefficient as a function of the specific energy dissipation for different microreactors with mass transfer intensification[29, 70, 79]

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