高参数石油基和煤基火箭煤油射线法密度测量实验研究

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20231229

化工学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 75 ›› Issue (7): 2422-2432.DOI: 10.11949/0438-1157.20231229

高参数石油基和煤基火箭煤油射线法密度测量实验研究

李沛奇¹(), 陈雪娇², 武博翔¹, 蒋榕培², 杨超³, 刘朝晖¹()

^1.西安交通大学动力工程多相流国家重点实验室，陕西西安 710049
^2.北京航天试验技术研究所，航天绿色推进剂研究与应用北京市重点实验室，北京 100074
^3.西安航天动力试验技术研究所，陕西西安 710100

收稿日期:2023-11-27 修回日期:2024-03-06 出版日期:2024-07-25 发布日期:2024-08-09
通讯作者: 刘朝晖
作者简介:李沛奇（1999—），男，硕士研究生，peiqi_li@stu.xjtu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(51776167)

Experimental study on radiometric density measurements of petroleum-based and coal-based rocket kerosene at high-parameters

Peiqi LI¹(), Xuejiao CHEN², Boxiang WU¹, Rongpei JIANG², Chao YANG³, Zhaohui LIU¹()

^1.State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, Shaanxi, China
^2.Beijing Key Laboratory of Research and Application for Aerospace Green Propellants, Beijing Institute of Aerospace Testing Technology, Beijing 100074, China
^3.Xi’an Aerospace Propulsion Test Technique Institute, Xi’an 710100, Shaanxi, China

Received:2023-11-27 Revised:2024-03-06 Online:2024-07-25 Published:2024-08-09
Contact: Zhaohui LIU

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

基于Beer-Lambert定律，采用γ射线吸收法，研制了高参数火箭煤油密度测量装置，对液态及超临界压力下火箭煤油的密度进行测量方法研究。测量温度范围293~673 K，压力范围0.3~30 MPa，密度测量结果的扩展相对不确定度为2.2%~3.2%（置信因子k=2）。选取常压、温度293 K和压力5 MPa、温度673 K的环己烷分别作为高密度和低密度标准流体，抵消了温度变化对测量装置射线吸收率的影响。通过对环己烷和甲苯密度测量的校验，验证了测量方法的可靠性和准确性。在此基础上，完成了石油基和煤基火箭煤油的密度测量，并计算了石油基和煤基火箭煤油等压热膨胀系数。利用实验数据，拟合了宽广温度压力范围内两种火箭煤油密度的Tait函数关系式，密度实验数据与方程的平均绝对偏差为0.21%，最大绝对偏差为1.32%。测量结果表明：在所测量的温度和压力范围内，煤基煤油与石油基煤油的密度值基本一致。所得密度实验测量数据为高参数火箭煤油物性及传热等研究提供了基础数据。

关键词: 碳氢化合物, 燃料, 煤基煤油, 石油基煤油, 射线法, 密度, 测量

Abstract:

Based on the Beer-Lambert law, the densities of rocket kerosene were measured by a γ-ray absorption method under liquid-state or supercritical pressure conditions. The measurement temperature ranged from 293 K to 673 K and the measured pressure from 0.3 MPa to 30 MPa. The extended relative uncertainties of the measured densities were identified as 2.2%—3.2% (coverage factor k=2). The cyclohexane at normal pressure and temperature of 293 K was selected as the high-density standard fluid, and the cyclohexane at the pressure of 5 MPa and the temperature of 673 K was selected as the low-density standard fluid to offset the impact of temperature changes on the radiation absorption rate of the measuring device. The reliability and accuracy of the measurement method was verified by calibrating the density measurements of cyclohexane and toluene. On this basis, density measurements of petroleum-based and coal-based rocket kerosene were performed and the isobaric coefficients of thermal expansion of petroleum-based and coal-based rocket kerosene were calculated. The experimental data were used to fit the Tait functional equation for the density of the two types of rocket kerosene over a wide range of temperature and pressure, and the average absolute deviation of the experimental density data from the equation was 0.21%, with a maximum absolute deviation of 1.32%. The results show that the densities of coal-based kerosene are basically identical with the petroleum-based kerosene at the measured conditions, the densities of high-energy kerosene are slightly higher than those of petroleum-based kerosene at low temperatures and lower than those of petroleum-based kerosene at high temperatures. The experimental density measurements in this paper provide fundamental data for the study of high-parameter rocket kerosene physical properties and heat transfer.

Key words: hydrocarbons, fuels, coal-based kerosene, petroleum-based kerosene, radiometric method, density, measurement

中图分类号:

TK 124

李沛奇, 陈雪娇, 武博翔, 蒋榕培, 杨超, 刘朝晖. 高参数石油基和煤基火箭煤油射线法密度测量实验研究[J]. 化工学报, 2024, 75(7): 2422-2432.

Peiqi LI, Xuejiao CHEN, Boxiang WU, Rongpei JIANG, Chao YANG, Zhaohui LIU. Experimental study on radiometric density measurements of petroleum-based and coal-based rocket kerosene at high-parameters[J]. CIESC Journal, 2024, 75(7): 2422-2432.

图/表 16

参考文献 26

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样品	CAS号	来源	纯度
环己烷	110-82-7	天津大茂化学试剂厂	99.7%^①，分析纯
甲苯	108-88-3	天津大茂化学试剂厂	99.7%^①，分析纯
煤基煤油	无	西安航天动力试验技术研究所	≥99.9%^②，未进一步提纯
石油基煤油	无	北京航天试验技术研究所	≥99.9%^②，未进一步提纯

样品	CAS号	来源	纯度
环己烷	110-82-7	天津大茂化学试剂厂	99.7%^①，分析纯
甲苯	108-88-3	天津大茂化学试剂厂	99.7%^①，分析纯
煤基煤油	无	西安航天动力试验技术研究所	≥99.9%^②，未进一步提纯
石油基煤油	无	北京航天试验技术研究所	≥99.9%^②，未进一步提纯

馏分烃类组成^①	成分质量分数/%
馏分烃类组成^①	煤基煤油	石油基煤油
链烷烃	19.6	19.4
环烷烃	78.4	77.1
芳烃	2.0	3.5

馏分烃类组成^①	成分质量分数/%
馏分烃类组成^①	煤基煤油	石油基煤油
链烷烃	19.6	19.4
环烷烃	78.4	77.1
芳烃	2.0	3.5

T/K	ρ_exp/(kg/m³)	T/K	ρ_exp/(kg/m³)	T/K	ρ_exp/(kg/m³)	T/K	ρ_exp/(kg/m³)
p=0.3 MPa		595.6	573.9	413.5	762.2	574.2	653.4
296.8	838.1	p=5 MPa		433.7	738.2	593.6	632.2
314.3	820.1	291.0	837.7	454.2	728.9	613.5	622.3
333.4	798.3	313.8	822.6	474.7	711.5	632.6	611.8
352.3	790.2	332.8	809.8	493.9	693.4	653.6	591.3
371.2	780.4	352.5	791.1	513.6	672.1	672.3	573.4
392.2	756.6	372.6	775.7	536.4	662.4	p=30 MPa
413.5	743.8	393.6	760.5	555.3	650.2	303.4	840.1
434.4	726.0	413.4	749.1	573.6	630.9	313.2	830.1
453.1	713.6	433.1	735.9	595.0	612.7	332.5	819.9
473.4	701.6	454.1	720.1	613.6	601.5	351.9	809.8
494.5	670.3	473.5	706.4	634.4	564.3	372.3	795.6
513.8	646.3	493.2	683.8	652.0	558.8	392.5	786.0
p=1 MPa		513.3	661.0	673.3	536.5	411.7	766.4
292.4	836.7	533.5	657.4	p=20 MPa		432.5	755.7
313.3	834.7	553.3	634.5	302.4	833.4	451.4	741.5
332.2	795.6	572.7	609.4	309.0	828.0	472.4	732.4
352.2	785.2	592.7	596.8	332.5	809.6	493.0	718.0
371.4	774.2	613.0	569.5	352.9	801.5	512.5	702.6
392.6	763.5	632.5	547.7	372.3	780.9	531.7	686.9
413.3	750.8	653.4	523.4	391.8	769.5	551.9	671.0
434.1	737.5	673.9	494.6	414.0	747.3	571.7	663.9
453.9	712.5	p=10 MPa		432.5	739.7	591.3	649.7
473.6	697.4	293.8	846.3	451.3	724.4	614.4	631.4
493.4	681.1	313.8	821.2	472.5	715.2	631.0	626.8
513.3	658.7	333.0	813.4	494.5	696.4	652.1	617.1
534.1	642.0	352.4	798.1	513.6	681.6	671.8	601.1
554.9	620.1	373.8	783.3	536.1	668.5
573.3	597.5	392.3	774.6	552.5	662.6

高参数石油基和煤基火箭煤油射线法密度测量实验研究

Experimental study on radiometric density measurements of petroleum-based and coal-based rocket kerosene at high-parameters

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图/表 16

参考文献 26

相关文章 15

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T/K	ρ_exp/(kg/m³)	T/K	ρ_exp/(kg/m³)	T/K	ρ_exp/(kg/m³)	T/K	ρ_exp/(kg/m³)
p=0.3 MPa		594.3	562.0	392.5	771.1	553.0	655.0
294.4	832.6	614.0	540.7	412.7	741.2	573.0	642.2
313.2	815.8	p=5 MPa		434.2	734.9	592.6	635.2
332.9	805.8	294.2	833.5	453.8	720.3	613.0	616.8
353.1	791.2	314.0	817.8	473.8	711.1	633.4	611.7
372.1	772.1	332.8	802.2	493.0	691.4	653.7	588.3
393.3	760.5	352.4	783.4	513.3	674.2	673.4	563.9
413.1	737.8	371.8	770.8	533.6	665.8	p=30 MPa
433.4	725.1	392.6	759.1	553.6	640.1	302.0	845.6
453.4	709.3	411.0	738.6	573.8	631.6	312.2	835.1
472.6	693.0	433.4	732.0	593.0	615.1	333.8	815.7
494.2	679.7	452.9	723.4	613.9	591.3	353.1	812.5
512.8	649.8	473.4	699.3	633.0	574.3	373.5	795.2
p=1 MPa		493.2	684.6	653.0	556.7	393.5	776.2
294.8	829.4	513.3	665.4	673.2	530.7	413.0	764.1
314.1	817.8	534.2	642.7	p=20 MPa		433.5	750.7
332.5	801.4	553.9	628.2	303.1	830.9	453.3	744.3
352.4	791.9	574.1	603.2	312.6	827.6	473.8	723.7
372.6	781.6	594.0	591.4	333.2	812.3	492.9	717.3
393.0	759.4	612.3	576.7	352.9	794.1	513.9	709.5
412.6	744.1	632.2	553.6	373.0	789.3	532.0	691.4
433.0	725.7	652.0	528.3	393.1	770.1	554.1	673.6
453.7	709.6	673.5	499.1	413.0	762.8	572.9	657.6
473.2	689.8	p=10 MPa		433.2	740.4	594.2	653.8
493.2	671.0	295.1	834.2	453.4	730.3	612.9	639.2
511.9	659.8	312.9	815.4	473.3	712.8	632.5	622.2
533.7	641.1	332.7	809.6	492.8	701.4	654.5	618.7
552.9	614.6	352.1	801.6	512.9	690.5	672.8	601.0
575.0	602.4	372.5	780.5	533.0	674.2

煤油	A₀	A₁	A₂	A₃	B₀	B₁	B₂	C	AAD/%	MAD/%
煤基	1076.5	-1.078	0.00130	-1.52×10^-6	1104.9	-3.19	0.00233	0.179	0.67	0.51
石油基	1075.0	-1.084	0.00131	-1.52×10^-6	851.0	-2.47	0.00181	0.160	2.18	2.42

参数	标准不确定度
质量流量	0.5 g/s
压力	0.01 MPa
射线强度	0.05 μSv/h
温度	0.50 K
计数率	1.0%~1.5%
p₀压力下环己烷密度	0.5 kg/m³

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