强韧Poly（SBMA-co-AAc）/SiO2复合水凝胶海洋防污减阻涂层

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20240656

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

将两性离子甲基丙烯酸磺酸甜菜碱（SBMA）与丙烯酸（AAc）单体共聚（P（SBMA-co-AAc）），并引入气相SiO₂纳米粒子，将化学交联与物理交联相结合，制备了P（SBMA-co-AAc）/SiO₂复合水凝胶。添加SiO₂粒子有效降低了水凝胶在水及海水中的相对溶胀度，显著提升了水凝胶的强度和模量，在海水中的拉伸强度和杨氏模量可达662 kPa和429 kPa，压缩模量达到225 kPa，同时具有高断裂伸长率。水凝胶涂层减阻效果优异，高滑动速率下，该复合水凝胶表现出低摩擦系数，在1 N的载重下与玻璃表面的摩擦系数可低至0.004。复合水凝胶还表现出优异的抗蛋白吸附和抗菌性能，在马口铁片表面也具有优异的粘接性能。P（SBMA-co-AAc）/SiO₂复合水凝胶制备工艺简单、成本较低，可为防污减阻水凝胶涂层的应用提供参考。

关键词: 两性离子水凝胶, 复合材料, 二氧化硅, 纳米粒子, 力学性能, 防污减阻

Abstract:

A composite hydrogel was prepared by copolymerization of zwitterionic betaine methacrylate sulfonate (SBMA) with acrylic acid (AAc) and addition of fumed SiO₂ nanoparticles, P(SBMA-co-AAc)/SiO₂, in which both the chemical crosslinking and physical crosslinking coexist. The addition of SiO₂ particles effectively reduces the relative swelling degree of the hydrogel in water and seawater, and significantly improves the tensile strength and modulus of the hydrogel. The tensile strength and Young's modulus in seawater can reach 662 kPa and 429 kPa, and the compressive modulus can reach 225 kPa. At the same time, it has high elongation at break. The hydrogel exhibits good drag-reducing property. At high sliding rate, the composite hydrogel shows low friction coefficient, and the friction coefficient versus the glass surface can be as low as 0.004 under the load of 1N. The composite hydrogel also shows excellent anti-protein adsorption and antibacterial properties. The hydrogel could be adhered on the surface of tinplate sheet with high adhesion energy. P(SBMA-co-AAc)/SiO₂ composite hydrogel has simple preparation process and low cost, which provides a reference for the application of antifouling and drag-reducing hydrogel coating.

Key words: zwitterionic hydrogel, composites, silica, nanoparticles, mechanical property, antifouling and drag-reduction

中图分类号:

TQ 317.3

李文宝, 胡锦鹏, 杜淼, 潘鹏举, 单国荣. 强韧Poly（SBMA-co-AAc）/SiO₂复合水凝胶海洋防污减阻涂层[J]. 化工学报, DOI: 10.11949/0438-1157.20240656.

Wenbao LI, Jinpeng HU, Miao DU, Pengju PAN, Guorong SHAN. High strength and toughness poly(SBMA-co-AAc)/SiO₂ composite hydrogel marine antifouling and drag-reducing coating[J]. CIESC Journal, DOI: 10.11949/0438-1157.20240656.

图/表 11

图1 P(SBMA-co-AAc)/SiO2复合水凝胶的制备流程

Fig.1 Preparation process of P(SBMA-co-AAc)/SiO2 composite hydrogels

表1 P（SBMA-co-AAc）/SiO2复合水凝胶样品配方

Table 1 P（SBMA-co-AAc）/SiO2 composite hydrogels sample formula

水凝胶	SBMA/g	AAc/g	MBAA/g	2959/g	H₂O/g	SiO₂/g
SA-0	3.35	3.46	0.046	0.13	13.01	0
SA-5	3.35	3.46	0.046	0.13	13.01	1
SA-10	3.35	3.46	0.046	0.13	13.01	2
SA-15	3.35	3.46	0.046	0.13	13.01	3

图2 P(SBMA-co-AAc)/SiO2复合水凝胶的示意图(a)和红外光谱图(b)

Fig.2 Schematic diagram (a) and infrared spectrum (b) of P(SBMA-co-AAc)/SiO2 composite hydrogels

图3 P(SBMA-co-AAc)/SiO2复合水凝胶的形貌(a)、含水量(b)、qw和qs值(c)和qw-s值(d)

Fig.3 The morphology (a), water content (b), qw and qs (c) and qw-s value (d) of P(SBMA-co-AAc)/SiO2 compositehydrogels

图4 P(SBMA-co-AAc)/SiO2复合水凝胶的σb (a)、εb (b)和E (c)

Fig.4 σb (a), εb (b) and E (c) of P(SBMA-co-AAc)/SiO2 composite hydrogels

图5 P(SBMA-co-AAc)/SiO2复合水凝胶的断面SEM照片

Fig.5 SEM photos of the cross section of P(SBMA-co-AAc)/SiO2 composite hydrogels

图6 P(SBMA-co-AAc)/SiO2复合水凝胶的Es (a)以及在水(b)和海水(c)中的摩擦系数曲线

Fig.6 Es of P(SBMA-co-AAc)/SiO2 composite hydrogels and its friction coefficient curves in water (b) and seawater (c)

图7 P(SBMA-co-AAc)/SiO2复合水凝胶表面的BSA吸附量

Fig.7 BSA adsorption capacity of P(SBMA-co-AAc)/SiO2 composite hydrogels surface

图8 P(SBMA-co-AAc)/SiO2复合水凝胶的抗大肠杆菌黏附结果(a)和表面zeta电位(b)

Fig.8 Anti-Escherichia coli adhesion results of P(SBMA-co-AAc)/SiO2 composite hydrogels (a) and surface zeta potential

图9 (a) SA-15复合水凝胶与马口铁表面的黏附能; (b) KH-570的乙醇-乙酸溶液和水溶液处理马口铁表面后的红外光谱图

Fig.9 Adhesion energy between SA-15 composite hydrogel and tinplate surface; (b) Infrared spectrum of tinplate surface treated with KH-570 ethanol-acetic acid solution and aqueous solution respectively

图10 SA-0 (a)和SA-15 (b)复合水凝胶的沙石水磨损前后形貌

Fig.10 The morphology of SA-0 (a) and SA-15 (b) composite hydrogels after abrasing with sand and stone water

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强韧Poly（SBMA-co-AAc）/SiO₂复合水凝胶海洋防污减阻涂层

High strength and toughness poly(SBMA-co-AAc)/SiO₂ composite hydrogel marine antifouling and drag-reducing coating

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