颗粒黏附率对载颗粒气泡上升行为特性的实验研究

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20240494

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

利用高速摄像技术研究载颗粒气泡上升行为特性，引入颗粒黏附率来定量表征气泡的颗粒黏附量，用聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯（PMMA）颗粒物料作为颗粒床层基本材料，观察在不同粒径和不同流量下气泡颗粒黏附率的变化过程，分析了载颗粒的气泡形态，气泡尺寸，气泡垂直上升速度的变化规律，揭示了载颗粒气泡的上升行为特性。研究结果表明：颗粒粒径300 μm条件下流量增大会使气泡负载颗粒量减小，导致颗粒黏附率降低，但粒径的减小可以有效抵消流量增大对颗粒黏附率的影响；在较大粒径条件下，颗粒黏附率越大，气泡形态越稳定，气泡整体尺寸越小，气泡垂直上升速度越低；减小载颗粒粒径可以减弱流量对气泡的形态、尺寸和垂直上升速度的影响；颗粒黏附率近似的气泡，颗粒粒径的减小会增加异性气泡的产出。

关键词: 气泡, 气液两相流, 颗粒物料, 颗粒黏附率

Abstract:

Using high-speed imaging technology, the ascending behavior characteristics of gas bubbles loaded with particles were studied. The particle adhesion rate was introduced to quantitatively characterize the amount of particle adhesion on bubbles, with polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) particles used as the basic material for the particle bed layer. Changes in the bubble-particle adhesion rate were observed under different particle sizes and flow rates, and analyses were conducted on the bubble morphology, bubble size, and vertical ascending speed of particles loaded bubbles. The ascending behavior characteristics of particles loaded bubbles were revealed. The research results indicate that under conditions of a 300 μm particle size, an increase in flow ratereduces the amount of particles loaded on bubbles, resulting in a decrease in the particle adhesion rate. However,the impact of increased flow rate on the particle adhesion rate is effectively offset by reducing particle size. Under larger particle size conditions, higher particle adhesion rates stabilize bubble morphology, resulting in smaller overall bubble size and slower vertical ascending speed. The influence of flow rate on bubble morphology, size, and vertical ascending speed is weakened by decreasing particle size. Smaller particle sizes lead to an increased production of anisotropic bubbles with approximate particle adhesion rates.

Key words: bubbles, gas-liquid flow, granular materials, particle adhesion rate

中图分类号:

TQ 021.1

吴晅, 李晓峰, 董慧, 孙高瑾, 刘孝培, 王正阳. 颗粒黏附率对载颗粒气泡上升行为特性的实验研究[J]. 化工学报, DOI: 10.11949/0438-1157.20240494.

Xuan WU, Xiaofeng LI, Hui DONG, Gaojin SUN, Xiaopei LIU, Zhengyang WANG. Experimental study of the characteristics of particle adhesion rate on the rising behaviour of particle-loaded bubbles[J]. CIESC Journal, DOI: 10.11949/0438-1157.20240494.

图/表 21

图１可视化实验示意图

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of the visualisation experiment

表1 PMMA材料的物理特性

Table 1 Physical properties of PMMA materials

折射率	硬度	拉伸强度	断裂伸长率	弯曲强度	热变形稳定	玻璃化温度	透光率
1.49	25~28	50~77Mpa	2%~3%	90~130Mpa	96℃	104℃	>92%

表2 气相物理性质

Table 2 Physical properties of the gas phase

气泡初始直径	密度	粘度	界面张力
2~8 mm	1.225 kg∙m^-3	1.789×10^-5Pa∙s	0.09 N∙m^-1

图2 颗粒黏附率(BSL)的获取流程

Fig.2 Flow of obtaining the particle adhesion rate (BSL)

图3 单气泡纵横比获取原理图

Fig.3 Schematic diagram of single bubble aspect ratio acquisition

图4 单气泡当量直径的获取原理图

Fig.4 Schematic diagram for obtaining the equivalent diameter of a single bubble

图5 粒径为 300 μm 和粒径为 200 μm 条件下不同流量的颗粒黏附率变化

Fig.5 Changes in particle adhesion rates at different flow rates for particle sizes of 300 μm and 200 μm

图6 颗粒粒径为 300 μm 和 200 μm 条件下 A~E 组气泡组的平均颗粒黏附率 (%)

Fig.6 Average particle adhesion rates (%) of bubble Groups A~E for particle sizes of 300 μm and 200 μm

表3 颗粒黏附率统计数值

Table 3 Statistical values of particle adhesion rate

粒径大小(μm)	流量(ml/min)	1号气泡	2号气泡	3号气泡	4号气泡	5号气泡
粒径为 300 μm	38 ml/min (A组)	77.60%	100%	100%	100%	9.68%
	76 ml/min (B组)	100%	46.77%	8.36%	11.96%	24.54%
	114 ml/min (C组)	55.23%	20.57%	14.76%	51.31%	6.18%
	152 ml/min (D组)	23.07%	16.17%	5.33%	7.00%	5.60%
	190 ml/min (E组)	19.45%	16.34%	13.16%	9.69%	14.03%
粒径为 200 μm	38 ml/min (A组)	39.93%	100%	21.34%	13.92%	100%
	76 ml/min (B组)	31.75%	100%	9.10%	100%	8.29%
	114 ml/min (C组)	22.05%	20.34%	28.42%	33.91%	100%
	152 ml/min (D组)	9.26%	10.76%	9.75%	8.79%	100%
	190 ml/min (E组)	26.49%	100%	100%	11.83%	13.5%
粒径为 100 μm	38 ml/min (A组)	72.46%	100%	14.55%	100%	100%
	76 ml/min (B组)	56.46%	63.29%	62.88%	100%	9.48%
	114 ml/min (C组)	1.18%	78.05%	100%	18.33%	100%
	152 ml/min (D组)	18.85%	71.03%	100%	18.61%	100%
	190 ml/min (E组)	43.43%	72.27%	100%	47.87%	13.92%

图7 粒径 300 μm，颗粒黏附率分别为 100%，20.57%，16.34% (2 号气泡) 的纵横比变化

Fig 7 Aspect ratio changes for a particle size of 300 μm with adhesion rates of 100%, 20.57% and 16.34% (Bubble 2)

图8 粒径 300 μm，颗粒黏附率递减的 1、3、4 号气泡的纵横比均值变化

Fig.8 Mean aspect ratio changes of bubbles 1, 3and 4 with decreasing particle adhesion rates for a particle size of 300 μm

图9 三种粒径下A~E五组气泡组平均纵横比的变化规律注:2.2.2 颗粒黏附率对载颗粒气泡上升时尺寸大小的影响

Fig.9 Variation in average aspect ratio of 13.5%，13.92% (5 号气泡) 的纵横比变化bubble Groups A~E for three particle sizes Fig.10 Aspect ratio changes for a particle size of 300 μmwith adhesion rates of 14.05%, 13.5% and 13.92% (Bubble 5)

图10 三种粒径下颗粒黏附率分别为 14.05%，13.5%，13.92% (5 号气泡) 的纵横比变化

Fig.10 Aspect ratio changes for a particle size of 300 μm with adhesion rates of 14.05%, 13.5% and 13.92% (Bubble 5)

图11 粒径 300 μm，颗粒黏附率分别为 100%，20.57%，16.34% (2号气泡)的当量直径变化

Fig.11 Equivalent diameter changes for a particle size of 300μm with adhesion rates of 100%, 20.57% and 16.34% (Bubble 2)

图12 粒径 300 μm，颗粒黏附率递减的 1、3、4 号气泡的当量直径均值变化

Fig.12 Mean equivalent diameter changes of bubbles 1, 3and 4 with decreasing particle adhesion rates for a particle size of 300 μm

图13 三种粒径下 A~E 五组气泡组平均当量直径的变化规律

Fig.13 Variation in average equivalent diameter of bubble Groups A~E for three particle sizes

图14 三种粒径条件下颗粒黏附率分别为 14.05%，13.5%，13.92% (5 号气泡) 的当量直径分布

Fig.14 Distribution of equivalent diameter for a particle size of 300 μm with adhesion rates of 14.05%, 13.5% and 13.92% (Bubble 5)

图15 粒径300 μm，颗粒黏附率分别为 100 %，20.57 %，16.34 %的垂直上升速度变化

Fig.15 Vertical ascent speed changes for a particle size of 300 μm with adhesion rates of 100%, 20.57% and 16.34%

图16 粒径 300 μm，颗粒黏附率递减的1、3、4 号气泡的垂直上升速度均值变化

Fig.16 Mean vertical ascent speed changes of bubbles 1, 3 and 4 with decreasing particle adhesion rates for a particle size of 300 μm

图17 三种粒径下A~E五组气泡组平均垂直上升速度的变化规律

Fig.17 Variation in average vertical ascent speed of bubble Groups A~E for three particle sizes

图18 三种粒径条件下颗粒黏附率分别 14.05%，13.5%，13.92% (5 号气泡) 的垂直上升速度分布

Fig.18 Distribution of vertical ascent speed for a particle size of 300 μm with adhesion rates of 14.05%, 13.5% and 13.92% (Bubble 5)

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