污染对单气泡运动与传质特性的影响

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20240591

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

通常认为，减小气泡尺寸是提高气液鼓泡体系传质效率的有效方法。然而研究表明小气泡可能受体系内污染物的影响更严重，其带来的传质强化效果可能不及预期。实验研究了CO₂单气泡在含污染物水溶液中的上升吸收过程，考察了污染物浓度和气泡初始尺寸对单气泡运动和传质特性的影响。结果表明，污染物浓度的上升会降低气泡运动速度与传质效率，但这些影响存在上限；气泡初始尺寸同样影响传质效果，一定污染条件下，较大气泡在较高的上升高度内更具优势。由此，可根据液体的污染性质和反应器结构参数，依据最佳能效原则，选择合适的气泡尺度。

关键词: 单气泡, 吸收, 传质, 表面活性剂, 运动特性

Abstract:

Reducing the bubble size is regarded as an effective method to enhance mass transfer of gas-liquid bubbling systems. However, in contaminated liquids, studies have shown that smaller bubbles may be more severely affected by contaminants within the system. The experimental study of the rising absorption process of single CO₂ bubbles in aqueous solution containing pollutants was carried out, and the influence of pollutant concentration and initial bubble size on the motion and mass transfer characteristics of single bubbles was investigated. The results indicated that an increase in contaminant concentration decreased bubble rising velocity and mass transfer efficiency, but there was an upper limit to this effect. The initial bubble size also affected the mass transfer efficiency. Under certain contamination conditions, larger bubbles exhibit an advantage at higher rising heights.

Key words: single bubble, absorption, mass transfer, surfactants, motion characteristic

中图分类号:

TQ 021.4

朱永康, 刘勰民, 张锋, 侯文华, 张志炳. 污染对单气泡运动与传质特性的影响[J]. 化工学报, 2024, 75(11): 4170-4177.

Yongkang ZHU, Xiemin LIU, Feng ZHANG, Wenhua HOU, Zhibing ZHANG. Effects of contamination on the motion and mass transfer of single bubble[J]. CIESC Journal, 2024, 75(11): 4170-4177.

图/表 9

图1 实验装置示意图

Fig.1 The experimental setup

表1 实验温度下正己醇溶液的表面张力

Table 1 Surface tension of n-hexanol solutions

正己醇浓度/(mol·L^-1)	σ/(N·m^-1)
0	0.07290
1.0×10^-4	0.07279
2.5×10^-4	0.07272
5.0×10^-4	0.07241
1.0×10^-3	0.07149
2.5×10^-3	0.06798
5.0×10^-3	0.06178

图2 图像处理示例

Fig.2 Image processing

图3 去离子水中气泡上升速度与当量直径实验结果

Fig.3 Experimental results of rising velocity and equivalent diameter of bubbles in deionized water

图4 不同浓度正己醇水溶液中气泡上升速度与当量直径实验结果

Fig.4 Experimental results of rising velocity and equivalent diameter of bubbles in aqueous solutions of different concentrations of n-hexanol

图5 去离子水中气泡纵横比随上升高度的变化

Fig.5 Experimental results of aspect ratio of bubbles in deionized water

图6 不同浓度正己醇水溶液中气泡形状变化

Fig.6 Experimental results of shape of bubbles in aqueous solutions of different concentrations of n-hexanol

图7 气泡的阻力系数和传质系数随上升高度的变化

Fig.7 Experimental results of drag coefficient and mass transfer coefficient

图8 去离子水中不同大小气泡的传质系数随上升高度的变化

Fig.8 Experimental results of mass transfer coefficient of bubbles with different initial sizes in deionized water

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