NCM622正极材料结构形态和储锂特性的同步演变

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20240983

化工学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 76 ›› Issue (4): 1831-1840.DOI: 10.11949/0438-1157.20240983

• 材料化学工程与纳米技术 • 上一篇下一篇

NCM622正极材料结构形态和储锂特性的同步演变

李坤¹(), 黄锐¹, 丛君¹, 马海涛¹, 常龙娇³, 罗绍华¹^,²()

^1.东北大学材料科学与工程学院，辽宁沈阳 110819
^2.东北大学秦皇岛分校资源与材料学院，河北秦皇岛 066099
^3.渤海大学化学与材料工程学院，辽宁锦州 121013

收稿日期:2024-09-02 修回日期:2024-10-31 出版日期:2025-04-25 发布日期:2025-05-12
通讯作者: 罗绍华
作者简介:李坤（1999—），女，硕士研究生，3504586743@qq.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(52274295);河北省自然科学基金重点项目(E2021501029);中央高校基本科研基金项目(N2423053);驻冀高校与石家庄市产学研合作项目基础研究专项重点项目(241790937A);2023年度秦皇岛市科学技术研究与发展计划项目(202302B006)

Simultaneous evolution of structural morphology and lithium storage properties in NCM622 cathode material

Kun LI¹(), Rui HUANG¹, Jun CONG¹, Haitao MA¹, Longjiao CHANG³, Shaohua LUO¹^,²()

^1.School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, Liaoning, China
^2.College of Resources and Materials, Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao 066099, Hebei, China
^3.School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Bohai University, Jinzhou 121013, Liaoning, China

Received:2024-09-02 Revised:2024-10-31 Online:2025-04-25 Published:2025-05-12
Contact: Shaohua LUO

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

当前以锂离子电池为主的二次电池已经步入主流。LiNi_1-_x_-_y Co _x Mn _y O₂(NCM)材料在锂离子电池中具有较大的商业市场，是一种具备极大应用价值的正极材料。根据镍的含量不同具备不同的性能。镍比例的增加能使比容量提高，也会导致热稳定性下降，对于高镍材料需要对制备工艺有更高的要求确保其性能。相对 Li[Ni_0.8Co_0.1Mn_0.1]O₂(NCM811)，Li[Ni_0.6Co_0.2Mn_0.2]O₂(NCM622)在具备较高比容量的同时热稳定性更优秀。对纯相NCM622材料使用水热法进行制备，通过控制煅烧温度和煅烧时间得出最佳制备方案。所制备的NCM622材料在最佳条件下能够达到最高191.3 mA·h·g^-1的放电比容量，充放电循环有最高88.74%的容量保持率。

关键词: 锂离子电池, 正极材料, 层状氧化物, 电化学

Abstract:

The secondary battery based on lithium-ion battery has entered the mainstream. LiNi_1-_x_-_y Co _x Mn _y O₂ (NCM) material also has a considerable commercial market in lithium-ion batteries, and is a cathode material with great application value. It has different properties depending on the nickel content. The increase of nickel ratio can increase the specific capacity, but it will also lead to the decrease of thermal stability. Therefore, high-nickel materials require higher requirements on the preparation process to ensure their performance. Compared with Li[Ni_0.8Co_0.1Mn_0.1]O₂ (NCM811), Li[Ni_0.6Co_0.2Mn_0.2]O₂ (NCM622) has higher specific capacity and better thermal stability. The pure phase NCM622 material is prepared using a hydrothermal method, and the optimal preparation plan is obtained by controlling the calcination temperature and calcination time. The prepared NCM622 material can achieve a discharge specific capacity of up to 191.3 mA·h·g^-1 under optimal conditions, and the charge-discharge cycle can also have a capacity retention rate of up to 88.74%.

Key words: lithium ion battery, cathode materials, layered oxides, electrochemistry

中图分类号:

TQ 028.8

李坤, 黄锐, 丛君, 马海涛, 常龙娇, 罗绍华. NCM622正极材料结构形态和储锂特性的同步演变[J]. 化工学报, 2025, 76(4): 1831-1840.

Kun LI, Rui HUANG, Jun CONG, Haitao MA, Longjiao CHANG, Shaohua LUO. Simultaneous evolution of structural morphology and lithium storage properties in NCM622 cathode material[J]. CIESC Journal, 2025, 76(4): 1831-1840.

图/表 10

图1 实验流程图

Fig.1 Flow chart of experiment

图2 不同煅烧温度制备NCM622的XRD谱图(a)和SEM图[(b)~(d)]

Fig.2 XRD patterns (a) and SEM images [(b)—(d)] of NCM622 prepared at different calcination temperatures

图3 不同煅烧温度制备NCM622的XRD谱图精修[(a)~(c)]及形成能(d)

Fig.3 Rietveld XRD patterns[(a)—(c)] and formation energy (d) of NCM622 prepared at different calcination temperatures

图4 不同煅烧温度制备NCM622的首次充放电曲线(a)，长循环性能(b)，倍率性能(c)和电化学阻抗(d)

Fig.4 First charge-discharge curve (a), long cycle performance (b), rate performance (c) and electrochemical impedance (d) of NCM622 prepared at different calcination temperatures

图5 850℃下制备得到的NCM622在100次循环后XRD谱图(a)和SEM图(b)

Fig.5 XRD patterns (a) and SEM image (b) of NCM622 prepared at 850℃ after cycling 100 times

图6 不同煅烧时间制备NCM622的XRD谱图(a)和SEM图[(b)~(d)]

Fig.6 XRD patterns (a) and SEM images [(b)—(d)] of NCM622 prepared at different calcination time

图7 不同煅烧时间制备NCM622的XRD谱图精修[(a)~(c)]及形成能(d)

Fig.7 Rietveld XRD patterns [(a)—(c)] and formation energy (d) of NCM622 prepared at different calcination time

图8 不同煅烧时间制备NCM622的首次充放电曲线(a),长循环性能(b)，倍率性能(c)和电化学阻抗(d)

Fig.8 First charge-discharge curve (a), long cycle performance (b), rate performance (c) and electrochemical impedance (d) of NCM622 prepared at different calcinatin time

图9 8 h煅烧时间制备NCM622的循环后XRD谱图（a）和SEM图（b）

Fig.9 XRD patterns and SEM image (b) of NCM622 prepared at 8 h after cycling 100 times

表1 不同NCM622的电化学性能比较

Table 1 Comparison of electrochemistry properties of different NCM622

样品	比容量性能/(mA·h·g^-1)	文献
NCM622	191.3	本研究
Li_1.2Mn_0.56Ni_0.11Co_0.13O₂	151.4	[5]
LiNi_0.6Mn_0.2Co_0.2O₂	176.3	[11]
LiNi_0.6Mn_0.2Co_0.2O₂	136.0	[15]
NMC622	176.6	[16]
Ni-rich ternary cathodes	191.1	[23]
NCM523	150.0	[24]
LiNi_0.8Co_0.1Mn_0.1O₂	186.1	[27]

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NCM622正极材料结构形态和储锂特性的同步演变

Simultaneous evolution of structural morphology and lithium storage properties in NCM622 cathode material

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