Abstract:

To study the influence of multiple factors on the characteristics of electrochemical water softening, an orthogonal experiment method was used to quantitatively analyze the mechanism of the influencing factors. The optimal combination scheme of electrochemical water softening was obtained. Five factors and five levels were selected for orthogonal experiments, and the time of experiments was reduced from 5⁵ to 25. The results showed that the concentration was the most significant factor affecting the experimental results. The best combination schemes are A₃B₂C₁D₄E₃ and A₂B₅C₃D₁. At a voltage of 10 V, when the spacing is less than 125 mm, the amount of scale ion removal per unit energy consumption increases as the spacing increases. When the spacing is greater than 125 mm, the removal amount of scale ion per unit energy consumption decreases with the increase of the spacing. When the voltage exceeds 10 V, it can increase the proportion of ion removal per unit energy consumption and reduce energy consumption because of the use of high-frequency power. Reducing the voltage is an important way to increase the amount of descaling per unit energy consumption. The research results can provide a basis for the structural optimization and parameter control of electrochemical water softening characteristics as well as the selection of the power supply of the electrochemical softening water device.

Key words: electrochemical, orthogonal experiment, optimization, fouling, soft water

摘要：

采用正交实验法研究了多因素对电化学软化水特性的影响，定量分析了电化学水软化特性影响因素的作用机制，得到了电化学水软化的最优组合方案。选取了5个因素5个水平，进行正交实验，实验次数由5⁵减少至25；实验结果表明，硬度是影响实验效果最显著的因素，脉冲电源实验组与直流电源实验组中软化水效果的最优组合方案分别为A₃B₂C₁D₄E₃、A₂B₅C₃D₁。10 V电压下，单位能耗成垢离子去除量随间距的增大先增大后减小，在间距为125 mm时达到最大。当电压超过10 V时，使用高频电源可以提高单位能耗成垢离子去除量、降低能耗。降低电压是提高单位能耗成垢离子去除量的重要途径。研究结果可为电化学水软化特性的结构优化和参数控制，以及电化学软水装置电源的选择提供依据。

关键词: 电化学, 正交实验, 优化, 结垢, 软化水