Status and prospect on CO2 adsorption and separation by supported ionic liquids

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20220600

Abstract

Abstract:

Population growth and accelerated global industrialization have led to a yearly increase in fossil energy demand, resulting in a rapid increase of carbon dioxide (CO₂) emission in the atmosphere, which has led to a series of global climate problems, and CO₂ reduction in the context of “carbon peak and carbon neutralization” is imperative. Traditional industrial technologies for CO₂ separation are limited by high energy consumption, low selectivity and large solvent loss. Ionic liquids (ILs) have showed unique advantages in the field of CO₂ capture and separation due to their extremely low volatility, strong gas affinity and tunable structures. However, ILs, especially after functionalization, usually are highly viscous or solid at room temperature, resulting in poor gas-liquid mass transfer limiting their applications on CO₂ absorption and separation. Supported ionic liquids combine the advantages of ILs and porous materials, not only can enhance selective separation and effectively avoid high viscosity caused by direct absorption of ILs, but also can expand the application range of ILs, which have broad development prospect. This work comprehensively summarized the status and progress on physically and chemically supported ILs for CO₂ adsorption and separation in recent years, and provided an outlook on the development trend in future.

Key words: ionic liquids, carbon dioxide, adsorption, supported ionic liquids, mechanism

摘要：

人口增长与全球工业化的加速发展促使化石能源需求量逐年递增，由此导致大气中二氧化碳（CO₂）含量快速上升并引发了全球系列气候问题，“碳达峰·碳中和”背景下的CO₂减排刻不容缓。传统工业捕集CO₂方法由于能耗高、选择性较差、溶剂损耗大等问题限制了其大规模推广应用，离子液体因其极低挥发性、强的气体亲和性、可调的结构性质等特点在CO₂捕集分离领域逐渐显示出独特优势，但离子液体特别是功能化后通常黏度较高或室温呈固态，导致气液传质效果差或无法直接应用于吸收分离过程。负载型离子液体兼具离子液体和多孔材料的共同优势，不仅能提升选择性分离效果，有效避免离子液体直接吸收造成的高黏度，还可拓展离子液体应用范围，具有广阔的发展前景。重点总结了近些年物理和化学负载型离子液体在CO₂吸附分离方面的研究现状和进展，并对负载型离子液体捕集分离CO₂研究的发展趋势进行了展望。

关键词: 离子液体, 二氧化碳, 吸附, 负载型离子液体, 机理

CLC Number:

TQ 530.11

Jianmeng WU, Shuang ZHENG, Shaojuan ZENG, Xiangping ZHANG, Can YANG, Haifeng DONG. Status and prospect on CO₂adsorption and separation by supported ionic liquids[J]. CIESC Journal, 2022, 73(10): 4268-4284.

吴建猛, 郑爽, 曾少娟, 张香平, 杨灿, 董海峰. 负载型离子液体吸附分离CO₂的研究现状及展望[J]. 化工学报, 2022, 73(10): 4268-4284.

Figures/Tables 14

Fig.1 Common carrier types of supported ionic liquids

Fig.2 Mechanism of CO2 separation by adsorption of [P4444][2-Op]@ mesoporous SiO2 (w in PMS-w is the mass fraction of ionic liquid) [35]

Fig.3 SEM images of ionic liquid [N4444][Ac] (a)， cellulose (b)， [N4444][Ac]@75% cellulose (c)，[N4444][Ac]@90% cellulose (d)[42]

Fig.4 Preparation of IL-ZIF-IL composites with shell-interlayer-core structure [53]

Fig.5 Chemical structure of four different polymer shells[58]

Fig.6 (a) Schematic of ionic liquid wrapped by template method; (b) SEM and optical microscope (OM) images of ionic liquid capsules [59]

Table 1 CO2 adsorption capacity of physically supported ionic liquids

吸附剂(离子液体@载体)	IL负载量/%(mass)	温度/℃	压力/MPa	吸附量/(mmol CO₂/g sorbent)	文献
[Bmim][NO₃]@SiO₂	50	25	0.1	0.35	[30]
[Bmim][PF₆]@硅胶	20	0	0.1	0.84	[31]
[Emim][Ac]@气相SiO₂	40	40	0.1	0.82	[32]
[Apmim][Br]@硅胶	40	35	0.1	0.67	[33]
[N₁₁₁₁][Gly]@硅胶	22.4	30	0.1	0.93	[34]
[P₄₄₄₄][2-Op]@MS	10	50	0.1	1.68	[35]
[N₂₂₂₂][Gly]@PDVB	51	30	0.1	1.63	[37]
[AEmim][Lys]@PMMA	50	30	0.1	1.50	[38]
[EOEOEmim][Gly]@D101	38	25	0.1	0.99	[39]
[Bmim][NTf₂]@PSF	32	45	0.4	1.30	[40]
[N₄₄₄₄][Ac]@纤维素	25	25	3.0	0.72	[42]
[dmedah][PR]@AC	10	25	0.1	1.21	[45]
[vbtma][Gly]@AC	20	25	0.1	1.51	[45]
[Emim][Gly]@F600-900	—	30	0.015	0.50	[47]
[Bmim][Ac]@SBA-15	48.5	25	0.1	2.11	[50]
[Apmim][Lys]@PE-SBA-15	50	30	0.1	0.88	[51]
[Teta]L@ZIF-8	25	25	0.1	1.53	[53]
[C₄(Vim)₂]Br₂@CuBTC	5	20	0.1	4.30	[54]
P[VCIm]Cl@MA	50	40	0.1	0.56	[55]
[Bmim][Gly]@HCM	60	30	0.1	0.52	[57]
[Bmim][PF₆]@HMDA-HDI	70	20	0.1	0.07	[58]
[Emim][2-CNpyr]@C₁₈-GO/PU	60	25	0.1	0.82	[59]

Fig.7 Synthesis process of Si-[P8883][Tf2N]-SiO2[63]

Fig.8 Mechanism of quaternary ammonium-based poly ionic liquid moisture swing absorption (MSA) of CO2[69]

Fig.9 Synthesis of activated carbon loaded ionic liquids by chemical grafting[72]

Fig.10 MIL-IL (A) and MIL-IL (B) combination method and CO2 capture and conversion diagram[77]

Fig.11 Synthesis process of GO-P[MATMA][BF4] [80]

Fig.12 (a) Structural formula of monomer; (b) Synthesis of OPICs for CO2 capture and immobilization[81]

Table 2 CO2 adsorption capacity of chemically supported ionic liquids

吸附剂(离子液体-载体)	IL负载量/%(mass)	温度/℃	压力/MPa	吸附量/(mmol CO₂/g sorbent)	文献
[i-C₅TPIm][Tf₂N]-MS	5	45	0.4	1.81	[62]
Si-[P₈₈₈₃][Tf₂N]-SiO₂	—	40	0.1	0.99	[63]
P[VYIM][Bu₂PO₄]-SiO₂	8.2	0	0.1	1.03	[65]
P[Amim][BF₄]-SiO₂	5.0	0	0.1	0.87	[65]
[Bmim][Lys]-OMS	11.7	25	0.1	0.61	[66]
P[(META)⁺CF₃ $S O 3 -$ ]-cellulose	—	25	0.078	2.00	[68]
Si-P(C₈H₁₇)₃[Tf₂N]-AC	9.9	0	0.1	2.40	[72]
Si-P(C₈H₁₇)₃[Tf₂N]-AC	9.9	25	0.2	1.11	[73]
[(MeO)₃Sipmim][Cl]-MCM-41	25	25	0.1	1.49	[74]
[(MeO)₃Sipmim][Cl]-MCM-41	25	25	1	2.50	[74]
[Spmim][PF₆]-MCM-41 (2.3nm)	—	35	1	0.90	[75]
[Spmim][PF₆]-MCM-41 (3.3nm)	—	35	1	0.55	[75]
[C₂NH₂mim][Br]-MIL(A)	9.4	0	0.1	1.93	[77]
[C₂NH₂mim][Br]-MIL(B)	8.1	0	0.1	2.77	[77]
[C _m MOEim][Br]-MA	8	25	0.1	2.02	[78]
P[ViEtIm]Br-TiNTs	46	25	0.02	2.43	[79]
GO-P[MATMA][BF₄]	—	0	0.12	0.96	[80]
DB_10%-Pa-TP	—	0	0.1	4.83	[81]

Table 2 CO2 adsorption capacity of chemically supported ionic liquids

吸附剂(离子液体-载体)	IL负载量/%(mass)	温度/℃	压力/MPa	吸附量/(mmol CO₂/g sorbent)	文献
[i-C₅TPIm][Tf₂N]-MS	5	45	0.4	1.81	[62]
Si-[P₈₈₈₃][Tf₂N]-SiO₂	—	40	0.1	0.99	[63]
P[VYIM][Bu₂PO₄]-SiO₂	8.2	0	0.1	1.03	[65]
P[Amim][BF₄]-SiO₂	5.0	0	0.1	0.87	[65]
[Bmim][Lys]-OMS	11.7	25	0.1	0.61	[66]
P[(META)⁺CF₃ $S O 3 -$ ]-cellulose	—	25	0.078	2.00	[68]
Si-P(C₈H₁₇)₃[Tf₂N]-AC	9.9	0	0.1	2.40	[72]
Si-P(C₈H₁₇)₃[Tf₂N]-AC	9.9	25	0.2	1.11	[73]
[(MeO)₃Sipmim][Cl]-MCM-41	25	25	0.1	1.49	[74]
[(MeO)₃Sipmim][Cl]-MCM-41	25	25	1	2.50	[74]
[Spmim][PF₆]-MCM-41 (2.3nm)	—	35	1	0.90	[75]
[Spmim][PF₆]-MCM-41 (3.3nm)	—	35	1	0.55	[75]
[C₂NH₂mim][Br]-MIL(A)	9.4	0	0.1	1.93	[77]
[C₂NH₂mim][Br]-MIL(B)	8.1	0	0.1	2.77	[77]
[C _m MOEim][Br]-MA	8	25	0.1	2.02	[78]
P[ViEtIm]Br-TiNTs	46	25	0.02	2.43	[79]
GO-P[MATMA][BF₄]	—	0	0.12	0.96	[80]
DB_10%-Pa-TP	—	0	0.1	4.83	[81]

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Status and prospect on CO₂adsorption and separation by supported ionic liquids

负载型离子液体吸附分离CO₂的研究现状及展望

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