Preparation and utilization of carbon-based adsorbent from organic pollutants in waste salt during acidic blue AS dye production

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20240048

Abstract

Abstract:

The salt-containing wastewater discharged from the production of the dye weak acid blue AS (AS) is spray-dried to make waste salt, and then the organic pollutants are calcined to prepare a quasi-activated carbon adsorbent (LAC). It was utilized for the adsorption and decolorization of wash wastewater from AS dye production. Additionally, the crude salt (NaCl) recovery from the above calcination technology could be reused in the salting-out process in AS industrial production. This research was conducted to determine the optimal temperature for calcining LAC, and calcination in a muffle furnace at 450℃ yielded the best results. Furthermore, the impact of initial dye wastewater concentration, temperature, and pH on the adsorption performance of LAC was investigated. The findings revealed that, in AS dye wastewater with an initial concentration of 40 mg/L, the adsorption at 318 K was more effective than at 298 K and 278 K. At 318 K, the equilibrium adsorption capacity was 29.22 mg/g, and acidic conditions favored the adsorption process. The adsorption kinetics study on LAC indicated that the pseudo-second-order kinetic model better fitted the adsorption results. Thermodynamic analysis revealed that the Langmuir isotherm equation provided a better fit for the adsorption experimental results.Moreover, investigations into the cyclic regeneration performance of LAC demonstrated its good regenerative capabilities, and could be reused several times. Even after four cycles, the adsorption rate for AS dye remained above 80%. Additionally, a modification using a one-pot mixed approach with addition of magnesium acetate tetrahydrate improved the surface area of adsorbent LACMg0.75 by nearly 5 times compared to LAC, achieving a saturation adsorption capacity of 550.02 mg/g, nearly 20 times higher than that of LAC.

Key words: acidic blue AS, wastewater treatment, adsorbent, recycle, activated carbon, treating waste with waste

摘要：

将染料弱酸性蓝AS(AS)生产排放的含盐废水喷雾干燥后制成废盐，再将其有机污染物煅烧制备成类活性炭吸附剂(LAC)，用于AS染料生产过程中产生的洗涤废水的吸附脱色净化，同时回收粗盐NaCl可循环用于AS工业生产的盐析过程。对LAC进行吸附过程动力学、热力学研究，并研究AS染料废水溶液初始浓度、温度及pH对吸附性能的影响。在40 mg/L的AS染料废水中，温度为318 K的条件下，平衡吸附量为29.22 mg/g。在酸性及温度较高时吸附能力较强。Langmuir等温线方程能更好拟合吸附实验结果。另外，采用一锅混合法，添加四水合乙酸镁对LAC进行改性，改性后的吸附剂LACMg0.75比表面积较LAC提升了近5倍，饱和吸附量能够达到550.02 mg/g，较LAC提升了接近20倍。

关键词: 弱酸性蓝AS, 废水处理, 吸附剂, 回收, 活性炭, 以废治废

CLC Number:

TQ 09

Tianyong ZHANG, Jingyi ZHANG, Shuang JIANG, Bin LI, Dongjun LYU, Dumin CHEN, Xue CHEN. Preparation and utilization of carbon-based adsorbent from organic pollutants in waste salt during acidic blue AS dye production[J]. CIESC Journal, 2024, 75(3): 890-899.

张天永, 张晶怡, 姜爽, 李彬, 吕东军, 陈都民, 陈雪. 弱酸性蓝AS染料排放的废盐制碳基吸附剂及利用[J]. 化工学报, 2024, 75(3): 890-899.

Figures/Tables 16

Fig.1 Molecular structure of dye AS

Fig.2 SEM images of the prepared adsorbents

Fig.3 FTIR spectra of uncalcined waste salt and LAC

Fig.4 BET test results of LAC and LACMg samples

Table 1 Specific surface area and pore volume of the adsorbent

样品	比表面积/ (m²/g)	孔容/(cm³/g)
样品	比表面积/ (m²/g)	微孔	介孔	总孔容
LACMg0.75	638.4	0.10	1.82	1.91
LACMg0.5	542.3	0.07	1.37	1.43
LACMg1	597.5	0.07	1.46	1.53
LACMg1.25	592.8	0.05	1.13	1.18
LAC	133.2	0.04	0.10	0.15

Table 2 Solid mass and LAC recovery from waste salt calcined at different temperatures

煅烧温度/℃	煅烧后剩余固体质量/g	LAC收率/%
300	4.91	有易分散在水中的物质难以洗净
350	4.82	有易分散在水中的物质难以洗净
400	4.73	57.1
450	4.69	49.2
500	4.64	40.9
550	4.59	有易分散在水中的物质难以洗净

Fig.5 Effect of AS initial concentration on LAC adsorption performance

Fig.6 Effects of different temperatures on LAC adsorption properties

Fig.7 Effect of pH on LAC adsorption properties and Zeta potential

Fig.8 Adsorption kinetics curves of LAC

Table 3 Adsorption kinetic parameters of AS

模型	参数	278 K	298 K	318 K
准一级动力学模型	k₁/min^-1	0.0152	0.0199	0.0182
	q₁/(mg/g)	8.8852	12.0109	11.0777
	R²	0.9760	0.9265	0.9915
准二级动力学模型	k₂/(g/(mg·min))	0.0052	0.0042	0.0046
	q₂/(mg/g)	25.0878	29.3944	29.9670
	R²	0.9991	0.9988	0.9993

Fig.9 Thermodynamic curves of adsorption

Table 4 Relevant parameters of different isothermal equation simulation

模型	参数	278 K	298 K	318 K
Langmuir	q_m/(mg/g)	29.6033	30.5343	31.3676
	K_L/(L/mg)	0.8551	1.9705	2.9711
	R²	0.9987	0.9998	0.9999
Freundlich	1/n	0.1031	0.0585	0.0489
	K_F/(mg $1 - 1 n$ ·L $1 n$ /g)	19.5602	24.3214	25.9670
	R²	0.9194	0.9215	0.9037

Table 4 Relevant parameters of different isothermal equation simulation

模型	参数	278 K	298 K	318 K
Langmuir	q_m/(mg/g)	29.6033	30.5343	31.3676
	K_L/(L/mg)	0.8551	1.9705	2.9711
	R²	0.9987	0.9998	0.9999
Freundlich	1/n	0.1031	0.0585	0.0489
	K_F/(mg $1 - 1 n$ ·L $1 n$ /g)	19.5602	24.3214	25.9670
	R²	0.9194	0.9215	0.9037

Fig.10 The results of LAC cycle performance test

Fig.11 Comparison of adsorption properties of LAC and modified adsorbent

Fig.12 Universal adsorption experimental results of LACMg0.75

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