Regulation of graphene oxide on microstructure of cement composites and its impact on compressive and flexural strength

doi:10.11949/j.issn.0438-1157.20161575

Abstract

Abstract:

Graphene oxide (GO) was prepared by oxidation, and the intercalation composite of GO/P(AA-AM) was prepared by intercalation polymerization of GO with acrylic acid(AA) and acrylamide (AM). The testing results indicated that GO nanosheets in the GO/P(AA-AM) had smaller size and uniform dispersion. Meanwhile, it is found that GO nanosheets can regulate the cement hydration products to form regular needle-like, rod-like, or polyhedron-like crystal, also ordered microstructure and macrostructure. The cracks and harmful pores in the cement composites have obviously decreased. The compressive and flexural strength have significant increase compared with the control samples. The regulation mechanism of GO nanosheets on cement hydration crystals and the microstructure of cement composites were proposed. It thinks that GO nanosheets with active chemical groups have the promoting and template effects on forming regular shapes of cement hydration crystals. The initial regular crystals play a template role for later formed crystals, and finally form large-volume and regular shape crystals and ordered microstructure and macrostructure by crystals growing.

Key words: nanomaterials, composites, agglomeration, graphene oxide, cement hydration crystals, microstructure

摘要：

通过氧化法制备得到氧化石墨烯（GO），通过GO与丙烯酸（AA）和丙烯酰胺（AM）进行插层聚合反应制备得到插层复合物GO/P（AA-AM）。检测结果表明，GO在插层复合物中具有较小的尺寸和均匀的分布，将GO/P（AA-AM）掺入水泥基复合材料中，发现水泥水化产物成为规整的针状、棒状或多面体状晶体，并且能够聚集形成具规整形貌的微观结构和宏观结构，水泥基复合材料中的裂缝及有害孔洞比对照样品明显减少，其抗压强度和抗折强度比对照样品有明显提高。提出了GO纳米片层对于水泥基复合材料规整结构的调控机理，认为GO纳米片层及活性基团能够促进水泥化产物形成规整形状的水化晶体，最初形成的水化晶体成为后续水化晶体形成的模板，通过晶体的生长最终形成规整水化晶体及规整的微观结构和宏观结构。

关键词: 纳米材料, 复合材料, 团聚, 氧化石墨烯, 水泥水化晶体, 微观结构

CLC Number:

TU528.572

LÜ Shenghua, ZHANG Jia, ZHU Linlin, JIA Chunmao. Regulation of graphene oxide on microstructure of cement composites and its impact on compressive and flexural strength[J]. CIESC Journal, 2017, 68(6): 2585-2595.

吕生华, 张佳, 朱琳琳, 贾春茂. 氧化石墨烯对水泥基复合材料微观结构的调控作用及对抗压抗折强度的影响[J]. 化工学报, 2017, 68(6): 2585-2595.

References 35

[1]	GUOXING S, RUI L, ZEYU L, et al. Mechanism of cement/carbon nanotube composites with enhanced mechanical properties achieved by interfacial strengthening [J]. Construction and Building Materials, 2016, 115: 87-92.
[2]	LI Z, XIN L G, CHUANG G, et al. Investigation of the effectiveness of PC@GO on the reinforcement for cement composites [J]. Construction and Building Materials, 2016, 113: 470-478.
[3]	XIE X, ZHOU Z, JIANG M, et al. Cellulosic fibers from rice straw and bamboo used as reinforcement of cement-based composites for remarkably improving mechanical properties [J]. Composites Part B: Engineering, 2015, 78: 153-161.
[4]	CORSARO A, CHIACCHIO M A, PISTARA V. Regeneration of carbonyl compounds from the corresponding oximes: an update until to 2008 [J]. Current Organic Chemistry, 2009, 13 (5): 482-501.
[5]	GHATEFAR A, EL-SALAKAWY E, BASSUONI M T. Early-age restrained shrinkage cracking of GFRP-RC bridge deck slabs: effect of environmental conditions [J]. Cement and Concrete Composites, 2015, 64: 62-73.
[6]	LAMEIRAS R, BARROS J A O, AZENHA M. Influence of casting condition on the anisotropy of the fracture properties of steel fibre reinforced self-compacting concrete (SFRSCC) [J]. Cement and Concrete Composites, 2015, 59: 60-76.
[7]	WANG J J, BASHEER P A M, NANUKUTTAN S V. Influence of service loading and the resulting micro-cracks on chloride resistance of concrete [J]. Construction and Building Materials, 2016, 108: 56-66.
[8]	SHEN D J, JIANG J L, SHEN J X. Influence of curing temperature on autogenous shrinkage and cracking resistance of high-performance concrete at an early age [J].Construction and Building Materials, 2016, 103: 67-76.
[9]	WILLE K, NAAMAN A E, EI-TAWIL S, et al. Ultra-high performance concrete and fiber reinforced concrete: achieving strength and ductility without heat curing [J]. Materials and Structures, 2012, 45 (3): 1-16.
[10]	李明, 杨雨佳, 郭小阳. 碳纤维增强油井水泥石的力学性能 [J]. 复合材料学报, 2015, 32 (3): 782-788.
	LI M, YANG Y J, GUO X Y. Mechanical properties of carbon fiber reinforced oil well cement composites [J]. Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica, 2015, 32 (3): 782-788.
[11]	贺亮, 徐颖, 孙林柱, 等. 微钢纤维掺量对水泥基复合材料相关性的影响 [J]. 混凝土, 2014, (11): 74-80.
	HE L, XU Y, SUN L Z, et al. Impact of micro steel fiber content-based composite materials related to performance [J]. Concrete, 2014, (11): 74-80.
[12]	NASSIM S, MAHFOUD B, NOR E A, et al. Mechanical properties of concrete-reinforced fibres and powders with crushed thermoset composites: the influence of fibre/matrix interaction [J]. Construction and Building Materials, 2011, 29 (6): 332-338.
[13]	袁宗征, 徐方, 刘苗, 等. 有机纤维与聚合物复掺改性水泥砂浆力学性能研究 [J]. 材料导报, 2015, 29 (9): 108-112.
	YUAN Z Z, XU F, LIU M, et al. Study on mechanical properties of organic fiber and polymer composite-modified cements mortar [J]. Materials Review, 2015, 29 (9): 108-112.
[14]	ANATOL Z, FRANK W, LORENZ H, et al. Interaction of polycarboxylate-based superplasticizers with cements containing different C3A amounts [J]. Cement & Concrete Composites, 2009, 31 (3): 153-162.
[15]	RAN Q P, PONISSERIL S, MIAO C W, et al. Adsorption mechanism of comb polymer dispersants at the coment/water interface [J]. Adsorption Mechanism of Comb Polymer Dispersants, 2010, 31 (6): 790-798.
[16]	KAZUO Y. Basics of analytical methods used for the investigation of interaction mechanism between cements and superplasticizes [J]. Cement and Concrete Research, 2011, 41 (7): 793-798.
[17]	曹玉霞. 减水剂的种类和掺量对水泥胶砂性能的影响 [J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2015, 34: 82-85.
	CAO Y X. Effect of type and dosage of water reducer on the cement mortar properties [J]. Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society, 2015, 34: 82-85.
[18]	MOHAMED S, LEUNG T, JASON F, et al. Graphene/fly ash geopolymeric composites as self-sensing structural materials [J]. Smart Materials and Structures, 2014, 23, 65-70.
[19]	YAN S, HE P, JIA D, et al. Effect of reduced graphene oxide content on the microstructure and mechanical properties of grapheme-geopolymer nanocomposites [J]. Ceramics International, 2015, 42 (1): 752-758.
[20]	MOHAMED S, LEUNG T, JASON F, et al. Enhanced properties of graphene/fly ash geopolymeric composite cement [J]. Cement and Concrete Research, 2015, 67: 292-299.
[21]	张刚艳, 邹友平. 粉煤灰水泥注浆材料的微观结构研究 [J]. 煤炭技术, 2014, 33 (11): 335-337.
	ZHANG G Y, ZOU Y P. Research on microstructure of fly ash cement grout material [J]. Coal Technology, 2014, 33 (11): 335-337.
[22]	PICHLER C, LACKNER R. Multiscale model for creep of shotcrete-from logarithmic-type viscous behavior of CSH at the um-scale to macroscopic tunnel analysis [J]. Journal of Advanced Concrete Technology, 2008, 6: 91-110.
[23]	王彩辉, 孙伟, 蒋金洋. 水泥基复合材料在多尺度方面的研究进展 [J]. 硅酸盐学报, 2011, 39 (4): 726-738.
	WANG C H, SUN W, JIANG J Y. Development on cement-based composite materials with multioscale [J]. Journal of Chinese Ceramic Socity, 2011, 39 (4): 726-738.
[24]	EDUARDO B P, GREGOR F, JOAQUIM A O. Effect of hybrid fiber reinforcement on the cracking process in fiber reinforced cementitious composites [J]. Cement & Concrete Composites, 2012, 34: 1114-1123.
[25]	AL-TULAIAN B S, AL-SHANNAG M J, AL-HOZAIMY A R. Recycled plastic waste fibers for reinforcing Portland cement mortar [J]. Construction and Building Materials, 2016, 127: 102-110.
[26]	MEHRAN KHAN M, ALI M. Use of glass and nylon fibers in concrete for controlling early age micro cracking in bridge decks [J]. Construction and Building Materials, 2016, 125: 800-808.
[27]	DEYU KONG D, CORR D J, HOU P, et al. Influence of colloidal silica sol on fresh properties of cement paste as compared to nano-silica powder with agglomerates in micron-scale [J]. Cement and Concrete Composites, 2015, 63:30-41.
[28]	JIANG L L, LU X. The research progress of grapheme synthesis methods [J]. Journal of Functional Materials, 2012, 43 (23): 3185-3193.
[29]	GAO K E, MENG Y F. The research and development of the high performance concrete [J]. China Building Materials Science and Technology, 2010, (3): 30-32.
[30]	AKIM J, COTE L J, KIM F, et al. Graphene oxide sheets at interfaces [J]. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2010, 132 (23): 8180-8186.
[31]	万臣, 彭同江, 孙红娟, 等. 不同氧化程度氧化石墨烯的制备及湿敏性能研究 [J]. 无机化学学报, 2012, 28 (5): 915-921.
	WAN C, PENG T J, SUN H J, et al. Preparation and humidity-sensitive properties of graphene oxide in different oxidation degree [J]. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2012, 28 (5): 915-921.
[32]	吕生华, 周庆芳, 孙婷, 等. GO纳米片层对水泥水化晶体及胶砂力学性能的影响 [J]. 建筑材料学报, 2014, 17 (5): 749-754.
	LÜ S H, ZHOU Q F, SUN T, et al. Effect of graphere oxide nanosheets on cement hydration crystals and mechanical properties of mortar [J]. Journal of Building Materials, 2014, 17 (5): 749-754.
[33]	LV S H, MA Y J, QIU C C, et al. Effect of graphene oxide nanosheets of microstructure and mechanical properties of cement composites [J]. Construction and Building Materials, 2013, 49: 121-127.
[34]	吕生华, 刘晶晶, 邱超超, 等. 纳米氧化石墨烯增强增韧水泥基复合材料的微观结构及作用机理 [J]. 功能材料, 2014, 45 (4): 4084-4089.
	LÜ S H, LIU J J, QIU C C, et al. Microstructure and mechanism of reinforced and toughened cement composites by nano graphene oxide [J]. Journal of Functional Materials, 2014, 45 (4): 4084-4089.
[35]	本巴斯德J. 巴斯恩 P. 水泥的结构和性能 [M]. 廖欣, 译. 2版. 北京: 化学工业出版社, 2009: 83.
	ENSTED L, BARNES P. Structure and Performances of Cement [M]. LIAO X, trans. 2nd ed. Beijing: Chemical Industrial Press, 2009: 83.