Abstract:

Pyrolysis experiments were conducted on a unit of thermogravimetric-infrared-mass spectrometry at heating rate of 20℃·min^-1 to examine the evolution characteristics of light gases from low temperature pyrolysis of oil shale obtained from four locations (FS, HD, MM and NM). The time-resolved light gases including H₂, H₂O, CO, CO₂, CH₄ and C_nH_m were investigated for their release rates and accumulated productions varying with the change of temperature. Light gases evolved at temperatures in the range of 180—540℃. Release rate curves for H₂, CH₄ and C_nH_m mainly resembled each other, appearing in Gaussian distribution. Release rate curves for CO and CO₂ smoothly increased first and then accelerated sharply. After reaching a maximum the curves dropped quickly till the end of evolution. Change of H₂O release rate was complicated. Release rates of internal water, mineral water and pyrolysis water of oil shale in three stages all increased to a maximum and then leveled off.

Key words: oil shale, pyrolysis, light gas, evolution characteristic

摘要：

为研究油页岩低温热解过程中轻质气体的析出特性,在热重-红外-质谱三联机上对国内有代表性的4个地区(FS、HD、MM和NM)油页岩以20℃·min^-1的升温速率进行了热解实验研究,考察了H₂、H₂O、CO、CO₂、CH₄和C_nH_m 6种轻质气体的析出速率和累积产量随温度变化的规律。实验结果表明:油页岩轻质气体析出的温度范围在180～540℃;H₂、CH₄和C_nH_m的析出速率曲线大致相似,呈高斯分布,CO和CO₂的析出速率则是先缓慢增加随后快速增加,达到最大值后又快速下降,直到析出结束,H₂O的析出速率相对比较复杂,油页岩的内水、矿物质的结晶水和热解水在3个阶段析出,析出速率都是先增大,达到最大值而后减小。

关键词: 油页岩, 热解, 轻质气体, 析出特性