泡沫金属复合PCM微结构传热储热过程模拟

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20201128

化工学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 72 ›› Issue (2): 956-964.DOI: 10.11949/0438-1157.20201128

泡沫金属复合PCM微结构传热储热过程模拟

徐祥贵^1,²(),王丽琼¹,王君雷^2,³,王燕^2,³,黄巧^2,³,黄云^2,³()

^1.北京理工大学爆炸科学与技术国家重点实验室，北京 100081
^2.中国科学院过程工程研究所多相复杂系统国家重点实验室，北京 100190
^3.中国科学院大学化学工程学院，北京 100049

收稿日期:2020-08-10 修回日期:2020-09-22 出版日期:2021-02-05 发布日期:2021-02-05
通讯作者: 黄云
作者简介:徐祥贵（1996—），男，硕士研究生，xgxu@ipe.ac.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金面上项目项目(21975262);国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFB0903601);中国科学院洁净能源先导科技专项(XDA21070302);多相复杂系统国家重点实验室自主研究课题(MPCS-2019-A-10)

Simulation on heat transfer and thermal storage processes of foamed metal composite PCM microstructure

XU Xianggui^1,²(),WANG Liqiong¹,WANG Junlei^2,³,WANG Yan^2,³,HUANG Qiao^2,³,HUANG Yun^2,³()

^1.State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
^2.State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
^3.School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Received:2020-08-10 Revised:2020-09-22 Online:2021-02-05 Published:2021-02-05
Contact: HUANG Yun

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以石蜡作为相变材料（PCM），采用六面通圆孔三维结构模型，对泡沫金属复合PCM内相变熔化过程进行了数值模拟。研究了不同材料（Cu、Al、Ni、Fe）泡沫金属孔密度和孔隙率对复合PCM传热和储热性能的影响。结果表明，泡沫金属复合PCM传热过程受热传导和自然对流作用综合影响；随孔密度增加，复合PCM完全熔化时间缩短幅度逐渐减小，且泡沫金属热导率越高，孔密度对传热速率影响越大；泡沫金属复合PCM内存在非热平衡现象，孔密度和孔隙率增加均可减小最大平均温差，但对最终平衡时间的影响却截然不同；此外，泡沫金属复合PCM单位质量储热密度随孔隙率增大而增大，相比泡沫Cu、Ni、Fe复合PCM，泡沫Al复合PCM的单位质量储热密度较大，增加速率也较大。

关键词: 泡沫金属, 复合材料, 相变, 微结构, 传热储热, 数值模拟

Abstract:

Paraffin wax is used as the phase change material (PCM), and the three-dimensional structure model of six-sided round holes is used to numerically simulate the phase change melting process of the foam metal composite PCM. The effects of different metal foam materials (Cu, Al, Ni, Fe), pore density and porosity on the heat transfer and heat storage performance of composite PCM were studied by monitoring the liquid phase fraction and total heat storage during the phase change interface evolution. The results show that the heat transfer process of foamed metal composite PCM is affected by heat conduction and natural convection. The complete melting time of composite PCM can be shortened and heat transfer can be accelerated by increasing pore density, but the shortening range decreases with the increase of pore density and the higher the thermal conductivity of the foam metal, the greater the influence of pore density on the heat transfer rate. Thermal non-equilibrium phenomenon exists in the foamed metal composite PCM, and the increase of pore density and porosity can both reduce the maximum average temperature difference, but the effect on the final equilibrium time is quite different. Increasing pore density can shorten the final equilibrium time, while increasing porosity will prolong the final equilibrium time. In addition, the heat storage density per unit mass of foam metal composite PCM increases with the increase of porosity. Compared with foam Cu, Ni and Fe composite PCM, foam Al composite PCM has a higher heat storage density per unit mass and a higher rate.

Key words: foam metal, composite material, phase change, microstructure, heat transfer and thermal storage, numerical simulation

中图分类号:

TK 124

徐祥贵, 王丽琼, 王君雷, 王燕, 黄巧, 黄云. 泡沫金属复合PCM微结构传热储热过程模拟[J]. 化工学报, 2021, 72(2): 956-964.

XU Xianggui, WANG Liqiong, WANG Junlei, WANG Yan, HUANG Qiao, HUANG Yun. Simulation on heat transfer and thermal storage processes of foamed metal composite PCM microstructure[J]. CIESC Journal, 2021, 72(2): 956-964.

图/表 17

图1 单胞立方模型

Fig.1 One cell cubic model

图2 单胞孔表面

Fig.2 Surface of the pore

图3 泡沫金属复合PCM传热数值模型

Fig.3 Numerical model of foamed metal composite PCM

表1 石蜡物性参数

Table 1 Physical parameters of paraffin

密度ρ/

(kg·m^-3)

热导率k/

(W·m^-1·K^-1)

比热容c_p/

(kJ·kg^-1·K^-1)

潜热L/

(kJ·kg^-1)

黏度μ/

(kg·m^-1·s^-1)

热膨胀系数

β/K^-1

固相温度

T_s/K

液相温度

T_l/K

表2 泡沫金属物性参数

Table 2 Physical properties of metallic foam

金属	密度ρ/(kg·m^-3)	热导率k/ (W·m^-1·K^-1)	比热容c_p/ (kJ·kg^-1·K^-1)
铜	8960	398	0.386
铝	2702	218	0.905
镍	8902	90.5	0.447
铁	7900	80.3	0.442

图4 步长独立性验证

Fig.4 Step length independence verification

图5 网格独立性验证

Fig.5 Grid independence verification

图6 复合PCM中心温度随时间的变化（5PPI，ε=0.913）

Fig.6 Central temperature of the composite PCM changes with time（5PPI，ε=0.913）

图7 纯石蜡与泡沫Al复合PCM内石蜡液相分数为20%、50%、80%时的温度比较

Fig.7 Temperature comparison between pure paraffin and paraffin wax inside foam Al composite PCM at 20%, 50% and 80% liquid fraction

图8 X/L=0.5处的液相分数随时间的变化

Fig.8 Liquid phase fraction changed with time (X/L=0.5)

图9 X/L=0.5处的温度随时间的变化

Fig.9 Temperature changed with time (X/L=0.5)

图10 液相分数随时间的变化

Fig.10 Change of liquid phase fraction with time

图11 不同泡沫金属复合PCM的完全熔化时间

Fig.11 Melting time of foam metal composite PCM with different parameters

图12 泡沫金属与PCM的平均温差随时间的变化

Fig.12 Average temperature difference between foamed metal and PCM changed with time

图13 不同泡沫金属复合PCM的总储热量柱形图

Fig.13 Total heat storage histogram of different foam metal composite PCM

图14 不同孔隙率泡沫金属复合PCM单位质量储热密度随时间的变化

Fig.14 Change of heat storage density per unit mass of foam metal composite PCM with different porosity over time

图15 不同材料泡沫金属复合PCM单位质量储热密度随时间的变化

Fig.15 Change of heat storage density per unit mass of different materials foamed metal composite PCM with time

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泡沫金属复合PCM微结构传热储热过程模拟

Simulation on heat transfer and thermal storage processes of foamed metal composite PCM microstructure

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