气液螺旋环状流压降特性研究

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20200124

化工学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 71 ›› Issue (12): 5506-5514.DOI: 10.11949/0438-1157.20200124

气液螺旋环状流压降特性研究

霍小倩^1,²(),徐英^1,²(),汪晶晗^1,²,张涛^1,²,艾克拜尔·麦麦提³,王锡钢⁴

^1.天津大学电气自动化与信息工程学院，天津 300072
^2.天津市过程检测与控制重点实验室，天津 300072
^3.天津市天大泰和自控仪表技术有限公司，天津 300072
^4.天津市计量监督检测科学研究院，天津 300192

收稿日期:2020-02-10 修回日期:2020-09-26 出版日期:2020-12-05 发布日期:2020-12-05
通讯作者: 徐英
作者简介:霍小倩（1995—），女，硕士研究生，xqhuo@tju.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFF01013802);天津市自然科学基金项目(18JCZDJC31600)

Study on pressure drop characteristics of gas-liquid swirl annular flow

HUO Xiaoqian^1,²(),XU Ying^1,²(),WANG Jinghan^1,²,ZHANG Tao^1,²,MAIMAITI Aikebaier³,WANG Xigang⁴

^1.School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
^2.Key Laboratory for Process Measurement and Control, Tianjin 300072, China
^3.Tianjin T. J. UNI. Taihe Automation Control & Instrument Co. , Ltd. , Tianjin 300072, China
^4.Tianjin Institute of Metrological Supervision and Testing, Tianjin 300192, China

Received:2020-02-10 Revised:2020-09-26 Online:2020-12-05 Published:2020-12-05
Contact: XU Ying

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

考虑旋流衰减的影响，对气液螺旋环状流的压降特性进行研究并推导出了螺旋环状流压降预测模型。定义压降旋-直比系数为气液两相螺旋环状流和气液两相直流的压降之比，以此来表征旋流衰减对压降的影响。基于量纲分析的方法对压降旋-直比系数进行分析，推导出其表达式，压降旋-直比系数依赖于Lockhart-Martinelli 参数和气相Froude数变化。最终，得出了气液两相螺旋环状流的压降预测模型。在50 mm内径的水平管内对螺旋环状流的压降特性进行了实验研究，其中气相表观流速变化范围为10~16 m/s，体积含液率（LVF）变化范围为0.6%~4.8%。通过与实验数据进行对比，压降预测模型的相对误差在±15%以内，为工程应用提供了参考。

关键词: 螺旋环状流, 压降, 旋-直比系数, 旋流衰减, 量纲分析法

Abstract:

Considering the influence of swirl attenuation, the pressure drop characteristics of gas-liquid spiral annular flow are studied, and the pressure drop prediction model of spiral annular flow is deduced. The swirl-straight ratio of pressure drop is defined as the ratio of pressure drop of swirl flow to straight flow, used to characterize the effect of swirl decay on pressure drop. The expression of swirl-straight ratio of pressure drop is derived by the method of dimensional analysis, and it has a strongly dependence on Lockhart-Martinelli coefficient and gas phase Froude number. Finally, the prediction model of pressure drop for gas-liquid swirl annular flow is obtained. The pressure drop characteristics of the swirl annular flow are experimentally studied in a horizontal tube with an inner diameter of 50 mm. The range of the gas superficial velocity is 10—16 m/s and the range of the liquid volume fraction (LVF) is 0.6%—4.8%. Through comparison with experimental data, the relative error of the pressure drop prediction model is within ±15%, which provides a method reference for engineering applications.

Key words: swirl annular flow, pressure drop, swirl-straight ratio, swirl decay, dimensional analysis

中图分类号:

O 359⁺.1

霍小倩,徐英,汪晶晗,张涛,艾克拜尔·麦麦提,王锡钢. 气液螺旋环状流压降特性研究[J]. 化工学报, 2020, 71(12): 5506-5514.

HUO Xiaoqian,XU Ying,WANG Jinghan,ZHANG Tao,MAIMAITI Aikebaier,WANG Xigang. Study on pressure drop characteristics of gas-liquid swirl annular flow[J]. CIESC Journal, 2020, 71(12): 5506-5514.

图/表 15

图1 气液两相螺旋流的流动形态

Fig.1 Swirl flow pattern

图2 实验装置示意图

Fig.2 Experimental apparatus

表1 测量参数不确定度

Table 1 Uncertainty of measured and calculated parameters

参数	误差/%
压力	0.05
温度	0.10
液相流量	0.35
气相流量	0.50
压力差	0.06

图3 实验段装置图

Fig.3 Schematic view of test section

图4 起旋器结构示意图

Fig.4 Swirl vane structure

表2 实验设计工况点（18℃，101.325 kPa）

Table 2 Scope of swirl flow experiments (18℃，101.325 kPa)

U_sg /(m/s)	U_s_l /(m/s)	LVF/%
10	0.2—0.5	2.0—4.8
11	0.1—0.5	1.0—4.4
12	0.1—0.5	0.8—4.0
13	0.2—0.5	1.6—3.7
14	0.1—0.5	0.7—3.4
15	0.2—0.5	1.3—3.2
16	0.1—0.5	0.6—3.0

图5 气液两相流压降变化规律

Fig.5 Change law of pressure drop on gas-liquid two-phase flow

图6 螺旋环状流压降和直管压降对比

Fig.6 Comparison of pressure drop between swirl annular flow and straight flow

图7 压降旋-直比的变化规律

Fig.7 The change law of the ratio of pressure drop between swirl flow and straight flow

表3 所涉及的全部物理量以及符号、单位与量纲

Table 3 Parameters and their signs, units and dimensions

物理量	符号	单位	量纲
气液两相直流压降	Δp_tp	Pa	ML^-1T^-2
螺旋环状流压降	Δp_tp.s	Pa	ML^-1T^-2
气相质量流量	m_g	kg/s	MT^-1
液相质量流量	m_l	kg/s	MT^-1
气相密度	ρ_g	kg/m³	ML^-3
液相密度	ρ_l	kg/m³	ML^-3
气相动力黏度	μ_g	Pa·s	ML^-1T^-2
液相动力黏度	μ_l	Pa·s	ML^-1T^-2
液相表面张力	σ_l	N/m	MT^-2
管道直径	D	m	L
起旋器螺距	G	m	L
重力加速度	g	m/s²	LT^-2

表4 无量纲数组以及变换形式

Table 4 Dimensionless groups and their transformation

$Π i$	$Π i'$
$Π 1 = ρ g D 4 Δ p t p m g 2$	$Π 1' = Π 1$
$Π 2 = ρ g D 4 Δ p t p . s m g 2$	$Π 2' = Π 2 Π 1 = Δ p t p . s Δ p t p = Φ r$
$Π 3 = m l m g$	$Π 3' = Π 3 Π 4 = m l m g ρ g ρ l = X L M$
$Π 4 = ρ l ρ g = D R$	$Π 4' = Π 4 = ρ l ρ g = D R$
$Π 5 = μ g D m g$	$Π 5' = 1 Π 5 = m g μ g D = R e s g$
$Π 6 = μ l D m g$	$Π 6' = Π 6 Π 5 = μ l μ g$
$Π 7 = σ l ρ g D 3 m g 2 = σ l ρ g U s g D$	$Π 7' = Π 7 Π 6 1 Π 8 = σ l μ l g D = W$
$Π 8 = ρ g 2 D 5 g m g 2 = g D U s g 2$	$Π 8' = 1 Π 8 1 Π 4 - 1 = U s g g D ρ g ρ l - ρ g = F r g$
$Π 9 = H / D$	$Π 9' = H / D = y$

表4 无量纲数组以及变换形式

Table 4 Dimensionless groups and their transformation

$Π i$	$Π i'$
$Π 1 = ρ g D 4 Δ p t p m g 2$	$Π 1' = Π 1$
$Π 2 = ρ g D 4 Δ p t p . s m g 2$	$Π 2' = Π 2 Π 1 = Δ p t p . s Δ p t p = Φ r$
$Π 3 = m l m g$	$Π 3' = Π 3 Π 4 = m l m g ρ g ρ l = X L M$
$Π 4 = ρ l ρ g = D R$	$Π 4' = Π 4 = ρ l ρ g = D R$
$Π 5 = μ g D m g$	$Π 5' = 1 Π 5 = m g μ g D = R e s g$
$Π 6 = μ l D m g$	$Π 6' = Π 6 Π 5 = μ l μ g$
$Π 7 = σ l ρ g D 3 m g 2 = σ l ρ g U s g D$	$Π 7' = Π 7 Π 6 1 Π 8 = σ l μ l g D = W$
$Π 8 = ρ g 2 D 5 g m g 2 = g D U s g 2$	$Π 8' = 1 Π 8 1 Π 4 - 1 = U s g g D ρ g ρ l - ρ g = F r g$
$Π 9 = H / D$	$Π 9' = H / D = y$

表5 Chisholm模型中的C参数[26]

Table 5 C value in Chisholm model[26]

流动形态	C
v-v	5
v-t	10
t-v	12
t-t	20

图8 实验测量压降与Chisholm模型计算压降对比

Fig.8 Comparison of pressure drop measured by experiment and predicted by Chisholm correlation

图9 实验测量压降与Chisholm压降预测修正模型计算结果对比

Fig.9 Comparison of pressure drop measured by experiment and predicted by modified Chisholm correlation

图10 量纲法螺旋环状流压降预测模型预测结果

Fig.10 The predicted result of pressure drop prediction model for swirl annular flow by dimensional method

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气液螺旋环状流压降特性研究

Study on pressure drop characteristics of gas-liquid swirl annular flow

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