化工学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 72 ›› Issue (S1): 503-511.DOI: 10.11949/0438-1157.20201571

• 能源和环境工程 • 上一篇    下一篇

分布式光伏储能系统的设计方法及运行特性

张怡洁1,2(),刘星1,陈振武1,张晓春1(),周勇1,丘建栋1,顾文波2,马涛2()   

  1. 1.深圳市城市交通规划设计研究中心股份有限公司,广东 深圳 518021
    2.上海交通大学机械与动力工程学院,上海 200240
  • 收稿日期:2020-11-03 修回日期:2021-02-01 出版日期:2021-06-20 发布日期:2021-06-20
  • 通讯作者: 张晓春,马涛
  • 作者简介:张怡洁(1996—),女,硕士研究生,sucy-ng@sjtu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    深圳市科创委技术攻关计划项目(JSGG20180504165907910)

Sizing method and operating characteristics of distributed photovoltaic battery system

ZHANG Yijie1,2(),LIU Xing1,CHEN Zhenwu1,ZHANG Xiaochun1(),ZHOU Yong1,QIU Jiandong1,GU Wenbo2,MA Tao2()   

  1. 1.Shenzhen Urban Transport Planning Center Co. , Ltd. , Shenzhen 518021, Guangdong, China
    2.School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
  • Received:2020-11-03 Revised:2021-02-01 Online:2021-06-20 Published:2021-06-20
  • Contact: ZHANG Xiaochun,MA Tao

摘要:

针对典型的户用光伏储能系统,建立了各个部件的数学模型,研究了系统的运行特性,考虑最大光伏自给率基础策略与加入谷时电网和蓄电池交互的改进策略,探究了经济性指标净现值、技术性指标光伏自给率及用户自用率与蓄电池容量的关系,绘制了经济性指标与技术性指标关系曲线,提出一种分布式光伏储能系统的容量设计方法,基于MATLAB进行全年能量流动与全生命周期经济结果分析,并针对上海市地区典型日晴天系统运行特性进行了模拟研究。结果表明,技术性指标与经济性指标随蓄电池容量变化呈现相反的变化趋势,在基础与改进策略下,蓄电池容量分别超过10.5和6.5 kW·h后,降低净现值以提升光伏自给率与用户自用率的效果逐渐减弱,因此基于蓄电容量为5 kW·h(基础策略)和6.5 kW·h(改进策略)的拐点前的曲线,依据实际需要确定系统蓄电池的容量。模拟结果表明,对于案例中的3.06 kW(峰值)的光伏系统和4.8 kW·h的蓄电池,系统较单独的光伏系统有明显的削峰填谷效果。考虑谷时蓄电池与电网交互的改进策略比基础策略有更好的技术性与经济性表现,但是系统对市电电网的传输负担会有所加重。

关键词: 再生能源, 太阳能, 可持续性, 分布式光伏储能, 用户自用率, 净现值

Abstract:

The mathematical model of residential grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) battery system is developed, to study the effect of technical and economic indicators on system performance. Two operation strategies, including basic strategy to maximize self-consumption rate as well as improved strategy via valley grid first and battery charging, have been considered. A novel sizing method for battery in the grid-connected PV battery system is then proposed based on the correlation curves which illustrates the relationship between net present value (NPV), self-consumption rate, self-sufficiency rate, as well as battery size. After developing the model in MATLAB, the simulation results demonstrate that there is a tradeoff relationship between technical and economic indicators especially when the battery size is less than 10.5 and 6.5 kW·h respectively for basic and improved strategies, denoting that the correlation curve between the indicators before the inflection point can be regarded as the reference curve for the given system when sizing the battery. Furthermore, the operation performance of PV battery system on a typical sunny day in Shanghai is examined, presenting that the electricity export and import between the 3.06 kW (peak value) system and the grid can be reduced obviously when the battery bank is 4.8 kW·h, finally enhancing peak-load shifting.

Key words: renewable energy, solar energy, sustainability, distributed photovoltaic battery system, self-sufficiency rate, net present value

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