超重条件下泡沫石墨-石蜡相变传热实验研究

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20210312

化工学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 72 ›› Issue (9): 4523-4530.DOI: 10.11949/0438-1157.20210312

超重条件下泡沫石墨-石蜡相变传热实验研究

张浩^1,³(),王姣¹,马挺²,李馨怡²,刘军^1,³,王秋旺²

^1.中国工程物理研究院应用电子学研究所，四川绵阳 621900
^2.西安交通大学热流科学与工程教育部重点实验室，陕西西安 710049
^3.中国工程物理研究院高能激光重点实验室，四川绵阳 621900

收稿日期:2021-03-03 修回日期:2021-05-23 出版日期:2021-09-05 发布日期:2021-09-05
通讯作者: 张浩
作者简介:张浩（1989—），男，博士，副研究员，ellan722@mail.ustc.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(51806203)

Experimental investigation on phase change heat transfer of paraffin composited with porous graphite under supergravity

Hao ZHANG^1,³(),Jiao WANG¹,Ting MA²,Xinyi LI²,Jun LIU^1,³,Qiuwang WANG²

^1.Institute of Applied Electronics, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, Sichuan, China
^2.MOE Key Laboratory of Thermo-Fluid Science and Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, Shaanxi, China
^3.Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on High Energy Laser, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, Sichuan, China

Received:2021-03-03 Revised:2021-05-23 Online:2021-09-05 Published:2021-09-05
Contact: Hao ZHANG

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

基于高热导率多孔材料骨架强化传热的相变蓄冷器具有热容量大、换热效率高、控温稳定、环境适应性强等优点，在航空航天领域具有广泛的应用前景。多孔介质内固-液相变换热过程中，由于相变换热产生的相变工质密度差在加速度的驱动下造成的液相浮升力变化，将引发更为复杂的固-液相变流动与换热不稳定性特征。设计搭建了离心环境条件下的多孔介质内固-液相变换热实验研究装置，实验获得了不同加速度大小和方向下多孔介质内固-液相变换热特性。结果表明，高导热泡沫石墨-石蜡相变蓄冷能够实现界面较低升温速率温控，同时加速度方向对于相变蓄冷装置整体换热效率及换热均温性存在显著影响。当加速度方向与热流方向反向或垂直时，加速度驱动液相储能工质局部自然对流将促进整体换热效率，而加速度方向与热流方向同向时换热效率降低，并且上述差异将随着加速度的提升而进一步扩大。

关键词: 相变, 储能, 离心加速度, 多孔介质, 对流

Abstract:

The phase change regenerator based on the high thermal conductivity porous material framework to enhance heat transfer has the advantages of large heat capacity, high heat exchange efficiency, stable temperature control, and strong environmental adaptability. It has a wide range of application prospects in the aerospace field. During the solid-liquid melting process in the porous media, the buoyancy variation derived from the density difference of the liquid phase driven by the acceleration would induce more complex flow and heat transfer instability during the solid-liquid phase change. In this study, an apparatus for studying solid-liquid phase change of the paraffin composited in porous media was set up, and the heat transfer characteristics of paraffin melting in porous graphite under different accelerations were obtained. The results showed that, the temperature of the thermal load can be better controlled by the phase change heat transfer of paraffin composited with porous graphite, and the general heat transfer efficiency and the nonhomogeneous thermal diffusion of the phase change energy storage device were remarkably affected by the accelerating direction. When the direction of acceleration is opposite or perpendicular to the direction of heat flow, the local natural convection of liquid phase driven by acceleration will promote the overall heat transfer efficiency of the phase change energy storage module, while the overall heat transfer efficiency will be suppressed when the direction of acceleration is in the same direction as the direction of heat flow. Besides, the temperature difference under different accelerating direction was enlarged with the increase of the acceleration.

Key words: phase change, thermal energy storage, centrifugal acceleration, porous media, convection

中图分类号:

TK 124

张浩, 王姣, 马挺, 李馨怡, 刘军, 王秋旺. 超重条件下泡沫石墨-石蜡相变传热实验研究[J]. 化工学报, 2021, 72(9): 4523-4530.

Hao ZHANG, Jiao WANG, Ting MA, Xinyi LI, Jun LIU, Qiuwang WANG. Experimental investigation on phase change heat transfer of paraffin composited with porous graphite under supergravity[J]. CIESC Journal, 2021, 72(9): 4523-4530.

图/表 8

图1 十六烷DSC测量曲线

Fig.1 DSC measurement of hexadecane

表1 实验材料物性参数

Table 1 Physical properties of materials

材料	物性	数值
十六烷	密度/（g/cm³）	0.77@20℃
	热导率/(W/(m·K))	0.12
	相变温度/℃	17.74
	相变潜热/(J/g)	227.2
	比热容/(J/(kg·K))	1576@20℃
	黏度/(mPa·s)	3.451
泡沫石墨	密度/(g/cm³)	0.5
	热导率/(W/(m·K))	135 (沿X方向)
	热导率/(W/(m·K))	70 (YZ平面)
	比热容/(J/(g·K))	0.7
	孔径/μm	400
	平均开孔率/%	96
	有效孔隙率/%	75

图2 离心机搭载的相变蓄冷换热实验装置

Fig.2 Experimental apparatus on centrifuge

图3 相变蓄冷实验模块结构

Fig.3 Structure of phase change energy storage unit

图4 热流-加速度方向夹角与中截面测温点布局

Fig.4 Directional relation between heat flux and acceleration with distribution of temperature measurements

图5 不同加速度下换热面温升曲线

Fig.5 Temperature curves of the heating surface under different accelerating magnitude

图6 不同加速度方向下换热面温升曲线

Fig.6 Temperature curves of the heating surface under different accelerating direction

图7 相变蓄冷器内温升曲线

Fig.7 Temperature curves of the phase change energy storage unit

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超重条件下泡沫石墨-石蜡相变传热实验研究

Experimental investigation on phase change heat transfer of paraffin composited with porous graphite under supergravity

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