撞击流反应器内幂律流体流动特性的数值模拟

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20220901

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

采用数值模拟方法对撞击流反应器内幂律流体的流动特性进行研究，分析了不同喷嘴间距和入口流速下清水和不同质量分数幂律流体的径向射流扩展率、径向速度衰减率、剪切应力、表观黏度等分布规律，研究表明：幂律流体中径向射流的径向速度分布规律与清水径向射流相似。随喷嘴间距的增大，扩展率增大，径向速度衰减率减小，平均剪切应力呈先增大后减小的变化规律，其中L=3D时平均剪切应力值最大，更利于流体混合。入口流速越大，扩展率越小，径向速度衰减率越大，平均剪切应力也随之增大。幂律流体的平均剪切应力大于清水，且随质量分数的增大，其扩展率增大，为清水扩展率的1.3~3.3倍，而幂律流体的径向速度衰减率从-1.268~-1.125降低到-1.144~-1.082，逐渐小于清水。幂律流体径向射流区域的剪切应力呈“M”形分布，表观黏度则呈“W”形分布，流体的流变性质对撞击流反应器内流体的流动规律影响显著。

关键词: 撞击流反应器, 数值模拟, 幂律流体, 径向射流, 流动特性

Abstract:

The flow characteristics of power-law fluid in impinging stream reactor are studied by numerical simulation method. The distribution laws of radial jet spread rate, radial velocity decay rate, shear stress and apparent viscosity of clean water and power-law fluid with different mass fraction under different nozzle spacing and inlet velocity are analyzed. The research shows that the radial velocity distribution law of radial jet in power-law fluid is similar to that of clear water radial jet. With the increase of nozzle spacing, the spread rate increases and the radial velocity decay rate decreases. The average shear stress increases first and then decreases. When L=3D, the average shear stress is the largest, which is more conducive to fluid mixing. With the increase of inlet velocity, the spread rate decreases, and the radial velocity decay rate and average shear stress increase. The average shear stress of power-law fluid is greater than that of clean water, and with the increase of the mass fraction of power-law fluid, the expansion rate of power-law fluid increases, about 1.3—3.3 times that of clean water, but the radial velocity decay rate of power-law fluid decreases from -1.268—-1.125 to -1.144—-1.082, gradually smaller than that of clean water. The shear stress in the radial jet region of power-law fluid is “M” shaped distribution, and the apparent viscosity is "W” shaped distribution. The rheological properties of the fluid have a significant impact on the flow law of the fluid in the impinging stream reactor.

Key words: impinging stream reactor, numerical simulation, power law fluid, radial jet, flow characteristics

中图分类号:

TQ 021.1

张建伟, 李保帅, 董鑫, 冯颖. 撞击流反应器内幂律流体流动特性的数值模拟[J]. 化工学报, 2022, 73(11): 4917-4927.

Jianwei ZHANG, Baoshuai LI, Xin DONG, Ying FENG. Numerical simulation of power-law fluid flow characteristics in impinging stream reactor[J]. CIESC Journal, 2022, 73(11): 4917-4927.

图/表 17

图1 撞击流反应器示意图

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of impinging stream reactor

表1 工况条件

Table 1 Working conditions

流体	喷嘴直径D/mm	喷嘴间距L/D	入口流速u₀/(m/s)
清水	10	1、3、5	1.30、1.77、2.00
0.3%CMC溶液	10	1、3、5	1.77
0.4%CMC溶液	10	1、3、5	1.30、1.77、2.00
0.5%CMC溶液	10	1、3、5	1.77

表2 物性和流变参数

Table 2 Physical properties and rheological parameters

流体	质量分数c/%	稠度系数K/(Pa·s ⁿ )	流性指数n	流体密度ρ/(kg/m³)
清水	0	0.0010	1	998.21
CMC溶液	0.3	0.0430	0.8363	1002.79
	0.4	0.0745	0.8017	1004.54
	0.5	0.1685	0.7317	1005.43

图2 不同网格数下的径向射流速度分布

Fig.2 Velocity vector distribution of radial jet under different grid numbers

图3 撞击流反应器实验系统1—撞击流反应器; 2—电磁流量计; 3—阀门; 4—离心泵; 5—进料桶; 6—出料桶;7—示踪剂; 8—蠕动泵; 9—CCD相机; 10—计算机; 11—同步器; 12—激光控制器; 13—激光发射器

Fig.3 Experimental system of impinging stream reactor1—impinging stream reactor; 2—electromagnetic flowmeter; 3—valve; 4—centrifugal pump; 5—feed bucket; 6—discharge bucket; 7—tracer; 8—peristaltic pump; 9—CCD camera; 10—computer; 11—synchronizer; 12—laser controller; 13—laser transmitter

图4 实验值与模拟值对比

Fig.4 Comparison between experimental and simulated values

图5 无量纲径向速度分布

Fig.5 Dimensionless radial velocity distribution

图6 不同喷嘴间距下径向射流半宽值分布

Fig.6 Distribution of radial jet half-width at different nozzle spacing

图7 不同喷嘴间距下径向射流扩展率分布

Fig.7 Distribution of radial jet spread rate at different nozzle spacing

图8 不同入口流速下径向射流半宽值分布

Fig.8 Distribution of radial jet half-width at different inlet velocities

图9 不同喷嘴间距下径向射流最大径向速度分布

Fig.9 Maximum radial velocity distribution of radial jet at different nozzle spacing

图10 不同喷嘴间距下径向速度衰减率分布

Fig.10 Radial velocity decay rate distribution at different nozzle spacing

图11 不同入口流速下径向射流最大径向速度分布

Fig.11 Maximum radial velocity distribution of radial jet at different inlet velocities

图12 XOZ面剪切应力云图

Fig.12 Shear stress nephogram of XOZ plane

图13 不同喷嘴间距下平均剪切应力分布

Fig.13 Average shear stress distribution at different nozzle spacing

图14 不同入口流速下平均剪切应力分布

Fig.14 Average shear stress distribution at different inlet velocities

图15 剪切应力及表观黏度分布

Fig.15 Shear stress and apparent viscosity distribution

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