化工学报 ›› 2016, Vol. 67 ›› Issue (6): 2525-2532.DOI: 10.11949/j.issn.0438-1157.20151877

• 能源和环境工程 • 上一篇    下一篇

SBR工艺实现长期稳定的部分短程硝化

赵梦月, 彭永臻, 王博, 郭媛媛   

  1. 北京工业大学北京市污水脱氮除磷处理与过程控制工程技术研究中心, 北京市水质科学与水环境恢复工程重点实验室, 北京 100124
  • 收稿日期:2015-12-10 修回日期:2016-02-25 出版日期:2016-06-05 发布日期:2016-06-05
  • 通讯作者: 彭永臻
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金项目(51478013);北京市教委资助项目。

Achievement of long-term and stable partial nitritation in sequencing batch reactor

ZHAO Mengyue, PENG Yongzhen, WANG Bo, GUO Yuanyuan   

  1. Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
  • Received:2015-12-10 Revised:2016-02-25 Online:2016-06-05 Published:2016-06-05
  • Supported by:

    supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51478013) and the Funding Projects of Beijing Municipal Commission of Education.

摘要:

采用SBR工艺以实际生活污水为研究对象,通过3组预实验得出实现部分短程硝化(部分NH4+-N转化为NO2--N)的最佳曝气量和曝气时间,启动长期运行的部分短程硝化序批式反应器(PNSBR),在好氧阶段以最佳曝气量[7.2~12L·(h·L)-1]和曝气时间(2~3h)曝气,持续运行110多天(450多个周期)。结果显示,出水亚硝态氮积累率稳定维持在94%~100%,表明了长期稳定的短程硝化效果;出水NO2--N与NH4+-N的比值大部分集中在2~4之间。进一步的分析得出,在PNSBR长期运行中,一方面通过控制曝气量和曝气时间使得好氧阶段溶解氧较低,更利于AOB的生长代谢而抑制NOB的活性;另一方面排水后剩余的亚硝态氮通过利用进水中的碳源反硝化去除(本周期的内源反硝化和下周期的外源反硝化),避免了为NOB提供底物的可能,从而实现了稳定的部分短程硝化。同步厌氧氨氧化和反硝化(SAD)工艺广泛存在,PNSBR反应器作为SAD的前置反应器,可提供满足SAD运行的进水,因此部分短程硝化是一项有潜力的工艺。

关键词: 污水, 曝气, 溶解氧, 降解, 部分短程硝化, 同步厌氧氨氧化与反硝化

Abstract:

In this study, a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) was used to treat domestic wastewater, and the optimal aeration rate and time to realize partial nitritation (PN,NH4+-N was partially converted to NO2--N) were obtained through three preliminary tests. A long-term PNSBR was operated more than 110 d (450 cycles) with an optimal aeration rate [7.2-12 L·(h·L)-1] and time (2-3 h) during aeration. The results showed that the nitrite accumulation rate in the effluent maintained 94%-100%, indicating the stable partial nitrification. The ratios between NO2--N and NH4+-N were in the range of 2-4. Further analysis demonstrated that in the long-term operation of PNSBR, the low dissolved oxygen (DO) by controlling aeration benefited the ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) activity but inhibited the nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB) one. On the other hand, the residual nitrite after decanting in a cycle was removed via denitrification (endogenous in this cycle and exogenous in next cycle) by using organics in raw wastewater, through which substrates for NOB were prohibited, and thus stable PN was realized. The process of simultaneous anammox and denitrification (SAD) was widespread, and PNSBR, as a pre-treatment reactor, can provide substrates for SAD, and thus PN was a potential technology in future.

Key words: wastewater, aeration, dissolved oxygen, degradation, partial nitritation, simultaneous anammox and denitrification

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