SBR工艺实现长期稳定的部分短程硝化

doi:10.11949/j.issn.0438-1157.20151877

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

采用SBR工艺以实际生活污水为研究对象,通过3组预实验得出实现部分短程硝化(部分NH₄⁺-N转化为NO₂^--N)的最佳曝气量和曝气时间,启动长期运行的部分短程硝化序批式反应器(PNSBR),在好氧阶段以最佳曝气量[7.2~12L·(h·L)^-1]和曝气时间(2~3h)曝气,持续运行110多天(450多个周期)。结果显示,出水亚硝态氮积累率稳定维持在94%~100%,表明了长期稳定的短程硝化效果;出水NO₂^--N与NH₄⁺-N的比值大部分集中在2~4之间。进一步的分析得出,在PNSBR长期运行中,一方面通过控制曝气量和曝气时间使得好氧阶段溶解氧较低,更利于AOB的生长代谢而抑制NOB的活性;另一方面排水后剩余的亚硝态氮通过利用进水中的碳源反硝化去除(本周期的内源反硝化和下周期的外源反硝化),避免了为NOB提供底物的可能,从而实现了稳定的部分短程硝化。同步厌氧氨氧化和反硝化(SAD)工艺广泛存在,PNSBR反应器作为SAD的前置反应器,可提供满足SAD运行的进水,因此部分短程硝化是一项有潜力的工艺。

关键词: 污水, 曝气, 溶解氧, 降解, 部分短程硝化, 同步厌氧氨氧化与反硝化

Abstract:

In this study, a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) was used to treat domestic wastewater, and the optimal aeration rate and time to realize partial nitritation (PN,NH₄⁺-N was partially converted to NO₂^--N) were obtained through three preliminary tests. A long-term PNSBR was operated more than 110 d (450 cycles) with an optimal aeration rate [7.2-12 L·(h·L)^-1] and time (2-3 h) during aeration. The results showed that the nitrite accumulation rate in the effluent maintained 94%-100%, indicating the stable partial nitrification. The ratios between NO₂^--N and NH₄⁺-N were in the range of 2-4. Further analysis demonstrated that in the long-term operation of PNSBR, the low dissolved oxygen (DO) by controlling aeration benefited the ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) activity but inhibited the nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB) one. On the other hand, the residual nitrite after decanting in a cycle was removed via denitrification (endogenous in this cycle and exogenous in next cycle) by using organics in raw wastewater, through which substrates for NOB were prohibited, and thus stable PN was realized. The process of simultaneous anammox and denitrification (SAD) was widespread, and PNSBR, as a pre-treatment reactor, can provide substrates for SAD, and thus PN was a potential technology in future.

Key words: wastewater, aeration, dissolved oxygen, degradation, partial nitritation, simultaneous anammox and denitrification

中图分类号:

X703.1

赵梦月, 彭永臻, 王博, 郭媛媛. SBR工艺实现长期稳定的部分短程硝化[J]. 化工学报, 2016, 67(6): 2525-2532.

ZHAO Mengyue, PENG Yongzhen, WANG Bo, GUO Yuanyuan. Achievement of long-term and stable partial nitritation in sequencing batch reactor[J]. CIESC Journal, 2016, 67(6): 2525-2532.

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