微椭圆孔轴面织构油封密封性能仿真模拟及机理探究

doi:10.11949/j.issn.0438-1157.20181310

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

提出轴面微椭圆孔织构油封运行时的理论分析模型，通过仿真模拟得到微孔结构参数对其性能的影响规律。结果表明：微椭圆孔轴面织构的润滑减摩性主要体现在相对运动的过程中微织构会使液膜产生显著的动压润滑效应，致使界面间形成非接触式密封和润滑状态；在研究的工况条件下，密封可靠性在微椭圆孔的方向性方面有所体现，合适的方向性能使流体在孔区流程变长，且其受边界阻挠在孔区一侧动压增强另一侧形成空化区，低压的空化区会快速抽吸即将泄漏出的流体从而提高密封可靠性，故而通过改变织构结构尺寸可控制油封的性能。为提高油封的寿命并降低泄漏率，在研究范围内，选用半轴比γ≥0.8（在面积比固定不变的情况下）、孔深h₁=1.5~4μm和旋转角α₁=0°~45°或175°~215°的轴面微椭圆孔织构较为合适。

关键词: 模型, 计算机模拟, 表面, 密封性能, 油封

Abstract:

The theoretical analysis model of the axial micro-elliptical hole texture oil seal is proposed. The influence of micro-pore structure parameters on its performance is obtained by simulation. The results showed that the lubrication and anti-friction property of the micro-elliptical pores shaft texture are mainly reflected which will lead to significant dynamic pressure lubrication effect of the liquid film in the relative motion process, so non-contact sealing and lubrication are formed between the interfaces. And its seal reliability is reflected in the directivity of micro-ellipses, proper directional performance makes the flow of fluid longer in the pores area under the conditions studied, and it is blocked by the boundary to make dynamic pressure increase on one side of the pores and form cavitation zone on the other side of the pores, the low-pressure cavitation zone will quickly suck the fluid that is about to leak out, which can improve sealing reliability. Therefore, the performance of oil seal is controlled by changing the texture size. In order to improve oil seal life and reduce leakage rate, the axial surface micro-ellipses pores textured of γ≥0.8 (If the area ratio is constant), h₁=1.5—4 μm and α₁=0°—45° or 175°—215° shall be selected for the oil seal in the study scope.

Key words: model, computer simulation, surface, sealing performance, soil seals

中图分类号:

TU 831.3

张友亮, 程香平, 韦江, 康林萍, 付远. 微椭圆孔轴面织构油封密封性能仿真模拟及机理探究[J]. 化工学报, 2019, 70(7): 2660-2667.

Youliang ZHANG, Xiangping CHENG, Jiang WEI, Linping KANG, Yuan FU. Seal performance simulation and mechanism research of lip seal with micro-ellipses manufactured on rotary shaft surface[J]. CIESC Journal, 2019, 70(7): 2660-2667.

图/表 10

图1 唇形密封结构及轴表面微椭圆孔织构分布

Fig.1 Structure schematic diagram of lip seal and distribution of micro-ellipses on shaft surface

图2 圆形微孔压力分布对比

Fig.2 Comparison of pressure distribution with one spherical dimple by present algorithm and Ref. [33]

图3 po变化时的膜压分布

Fig.3 Distribution diagram of membrane pressure when po changes

图4 po对密封性能的影响规律

Fig.4 Influence law of po on sealing performance

图5 ω对密封性能的影响

Fig.5 Effect of ω on sealing performance

图6 h0对密封性能的影响

Fig.6 Effect of h0 on sealing performance

图7 γ对密封性能的影响

Fig.7 Effect of γ on sealing performance

图8 h1对密封性能的影响

Fig.8 Effect of h1 on sealing performance

图9 α1对密封性能的影响

Fig.9 Effect of α1 on sealing performance

表1 不同方位角α1下的参数极值

Table 1 Parameter extremums under different azimuth α1

α₁	F_o/N	K_z/(N/m)	Q/(ml/h)
峰值
0°,195°,360°	2.7793	—
0°,180°,360°	—	479270	—
135°,315°	—	—	20.17
谷值
105°,285°	2.7786	—	—
90°,270°	—	193187	—
45°,315°	—	—	8.53

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