异形整体式热管散热器传热实验与分析

doi:10.11949/j.issn.0438-1157.20160483

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对电子电气设备散热和均温的需求，提出了一种新型结构形式的异形整体热管散热器：平板热管形式的蒸发段与具有高肋化比翅片的冷凝铜管集成。对该热管进行了传热实验与分析，研究热管在不同工况下温度数值及分布，探究影响热管性能的因素和规律，验证其传热能力。结果表明：在各种工况下热管温差始终在1.75℃之内，均温性能良好。加热功率和对流散热状况对热管启动性能、总体热阻、当量热导率、传热系数都有影响。随着加热功率和对流速度增加，热管启动时间和热阻均降低，当量热导率和传热系数则逐渐上升。热阻最低为0.189℃·W^-1，最佳当量热导率为20964 W·m^-1·K^-1。相比于同等尺寸的传统热管，热阻降低了37%，传热效率提升15%。

关键词: 热管, 传热, 热阻, 当量热导率

Abstract:

A new structured heat pipe radiator was designed with integration of the evaporator of flat heat pipes and the condenser of finned cupper cylinders, in order to meet the new requirements of heat dissipation and uniform temperature of electrical and electronic equipment. Heat transfer experiments and simulation analysis were performed to study temperature distribution across the heat pipe under various conditions, factors influencing performance and heat transfer capacity. Results showed good temperature control across the heat pipe with difference in the range of 1.75℃. Heating power and convection heat dissipation had influence on starting performance, overall thermal resistance, equivalent thermal conductivity and heat transfer coefficient. With the increase of heating power and convection rate, both start-up time and thermal resistance were decreased whereas equivalent coefficient of thermal conductivity and coefficient of heat transfer were increased. The minimum thermal resistance and the optimal equivalent thermal conductivity of the heat pipe were 0.189℃·W^-1 and 20964 W·m^-1·K^-1, respectively. Compared to traditional heat pipe of same dimensions, the new design had a reduction in thermal resistance by 37% and an increase in heat transfer coefficient by 15%.

Key words: heat pipe, heat transfer, heat resistance, equivalent thermal conductivity

中图分类号:

TK124

董梁, 徐伟强, 李倩倩. 异形整体式热管散热器传热实验与分析[J]. 化工学报, 2016, 67(10): 4104-4110.

DONG Liang, XU Weiqiang, LI Qianqian. Experiment and simulation analysis of special-shaped overall heat pipe radiator[J]. CIESC Journal, 2016, 67(10): 4104-4110.

参考文献 20

[1]	NELSON L A, SEKHON K S, FRITA J E. Pirect heat pipe cooling of semiconductor devices[C]//Proceedings of the 3rd International Heat Pipe Conference. 1978.
[2]	马同泽, 侯增祺, 吴文铣. 热管[M]. 北京:科学出版社, 1985:1-6, 221-222. MA T Z, HOU Z Q, WU W X. Heat Pipe[M]. Beijing:Science Press, 1985:1-6, 221-222.
[3]	闵桂荣, 郭舜. 航天器热控制[M]. 北京:科学出版社, 1998:32-67. MIN G R, GUO S. Spacecraft Thermal Control[M]. Beijing:Science Press, 1998:32-67.
[4]	PARK J H. A study on thermal performance of heat pipe for optimum placement for satellite equipment[J]. ETRI Journal, 1997, 19(2):59-70.
[5]	方书起, 赵凌, 史启辉, 等. 螺旋槽重力热管强化传热实验研究[J]. 化学工程, 2008, 36(6):19-21. FANG S Q, ZHAO L, SHI Q H, et al. Experimental research of enhanced heat transfer for spiral groove gravity heat pipe[J]. Chemical Engineering(China), 2008, 36(6):19-21.
[6]	柏立战, 林贵平, 张红星. 重力辅助环路热管稳态运行特性的实验研究[J]. 航空学报, 2008, 29(5):1112-1117. BAI L Z, LIN G P, ZHANG H X. Experimental study on steady-state operating characteristics of gravity-assisted loop heat pipes[J]. Acta Aeronautica Et Astronautica Sinica, 2008, 29(5):1112-1117.
[7]	张红星,林贵平. 环路热管温度波动现象的实验分析[J]. 北京航空航天大学学报, 2005, 31(2):116-120. ZHANG H X, LIN G P. Experimental investigation on temperature oscillation of loop heat pipes[J]. Journal of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2005, 31(2):116-120.
[8]	曹小林, 曹双俊, 马卫武, 等. 新型重力热管换热器传热特性的数值模拟[J]. 中南大学学报(自然科学版), 2013, 44(4):1689-1694. CAO X L, CAO S J, MA W W, et al. Numerical simulation on steady-state heat transfer characteristic of a novel gravity-assisted heat pipe heat exchanger[J]. Journal of Central South University (Science and Technology), 2013, 44(4):1689-1694.
[9]	赵耀华, 王宏燕, 刁彦华. 平板微热管阵列及其传热特性[J]. 化工学报, 2011, 62(2):336-343. ZHAO Y H, WANG H Y, DIAO Y H. Heat transfer characteristics of flat micro-heat pipe array[J]. CIESC Journal, 2011, 62(2):336-343.
[10]	喜娜, 白敏丽, 孙志君. 新型集成热管散热器的研究[C]//中国工程热物理学会年会, 2005. XI N, BAI M L, SUN Z J. Experimental study on a new type of integrated heat pipe radiator[C]//Annual Meeting of Chinese Society of Engineering Thermophysics, 2005.
[11]	彭玉辉, 黄素逸, 黄锟剑. 热管中添加纳米颗粒[J]. 化工学报, 2004, 55(11):1768-1772. PENG Y H, HUANG S Y, HUANG K J. Experimental study on thermoshiphon by adding nanoparticles to working fluid[J]. Journal of Chemical Industry and Engineering (China), 2004, 55(11):1768-1772.
[12]	MOHAMED H A, ELNAGGAR M Z, ABDULLAH M. Experimental analysis and FEM simulation of finned U-shape multi heat pipe for desktop PC cooling[J]. Energy Conversion and Management, 2011, 52(8/9):2937-2944.
[13]	吕倩. 热管冷板常温与高低温性能试验研究[J]. 电子科技大学学报, 2014, 43(3):470-475. LÜ Q. Experimental study on the performance of heat pipe cold plate under normal and high-low temperature[J]. Journal of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, 2014, 43(3):470-475.
[14]	刘晓为, 辛欣, 霍明学. 微型多槽道平板热管传热特性分析及最大传热量预测[J]. 传感技术学报, 2007, 20(9):2103-2107. LIU X W, XIN X, HUO M X. Thermal analysis and maximum heat transport of a micro flat heat pipe with axial triangle grooves[J]. Journal of Transduction Technology, 2007, 20(9):2103-2107.
[15]	张奕, 郭恩震. 传热学[M]. 南京:东南大学出版社, 2004:32-35. ZHANG Y, GUO E Z. Heat Transfer[M]. Nanjing:Southeast University Press, 2004:32-35.
[16]	CENGEL Y. Heat Transfer[M]. 2nd ed. New York:McGraw, 2003:466-468.
[17]	GOGOLIN A A. On cooling air in surface air coolers:Le refroidissement de l'air dans les refroidisseurs d'air superficiels[C]//Progress in Refrigeration Science & Technology. Proceedings of the XIth International Congress of Refrigeration. Munich, 1965:1339-1342.
[18]	王鑫煜, 辛公明, 田富中, 等. 小管径重力热管启动特性[J]. 化工学报, 2012, 63(S1):1768-1772. WANG X Y, XIN G M, TIAN F Z, et al. Start-up behavior of gravity heat pipe with small diameter[J]. CIESC Journal, 2012, 63(S1):1768-1772.
[19]	TIAN S L, YEW M H. Experimental investigation on the thermal performance and optimization of heat sink with U-shape heat pipes[J]. Energy Conversion and Management, 2010, 51(11):2109-2116.
[20]	ZHANG H X, LIN G P, DING T, et al. Experimental study on start-up characteristics of loop heat pipes[J]. Science in China (Technological Science), 2005, 35(1):17-30.