干燥剂吸附等温曲线对除湿换热器除湿性能的影响

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20221248

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

基于除湿换热器的吸附式除湿空调系统采用固体干燥剂处理空气中的潜热负荷，可以有效地提高蒸发温度，大大提高空调系统的能效。其中，干燥剂涂层的选择对除湿换热器系统的性能至关重要，而采用现有的实验和模拟方式难以高效筛选适合除湿换热器系统的干燥剂材料。本文从干燥剂的吸附等温曲线出发，讨论了不同类型吸附曲线的干燥剂除湿性能，得出“S”型吸附等温曲线的干燥剂有最佳的除湿能力；对“S”型吸附曲线的阶跃压力进行了分析和讨论，确定了在特定工作条件下最佳阶跃压力的计算方法；讨论了通过复合吸湿盐、合成特定孔系结构材料等方式获得具有理想吸附曲线的干燥剂的可行性。

关键词: 除湿, 干燥剂, 吸附, 等温曲线, 空调

Abstract:

Compared with the traditional air compression air conditioning system, the adsorption dehumidification air conditioning system based on desiccant coated heat exchanger uses solid desiccant to deal with the latent heat load in the air, which effectively improves the evaporation temperature and greatly improves the energy efficiency of the air conditioning system. The choice of desiccant coating is very important to the performance of desiccant coated heat exchanger system. It is difficult to effectively select desiccant materials suitable for dehumidification heat exchanger system by using existing experimental and simulation methods. Based on the adsorption isotherm of desiccant, the applicability of desiccant material for dehumidification heat exchanger is discussed in this paper. Starting from the adsorption isotherm curve of desiccant， this paper discusses the dehumidification performance of desiccant with different types of adsorption isotherm curves firstly， and concludes that the desiccant with“S”type adsorption isotherm curve has the best dehumidification ability. The step pressure of“S”type adsorption isotherm is also analyzed and discussed, and the calculation method of the optimal step pressure under specific working conditions is determined. The above conclusions are consistent with the simulation results. The feasibility of obtaining desiccant with ideal adsorption isotherm by compounding hygroscopic salts and synthesizing materials with specific pore structure was also discussed.

Key words: dehumidification, desiccants, adsorption, isotherm, air conditioning

中图分类号:

TB 64

杨田雨, 葛天舒. 干燥剂吸附等温曲线对除湿换热器除湿性能的影响[J]. 化工学报, 2022, 73(12): 5367-5375.

Tianyu YANG, Tianshu GE. Effect of desiccant adsorption isotherm on dehumidification performance of desiccant coated heat exchanger[J]. CIESC Journal, 2022, 73(12): 5367-5375.

图/表 9

图1 除湿换热器和干燥剂涂层示意图

Fig.1 Diagram of desiccant coated heat exchanger and desiccant coating

图2 IUPAC对等温线类型的分类[21]

Fig.2 Different types of adsorption isotherms classified by IUPAC[21]

图3 实验装置示意图

Fig.3 Schematic diagram of the experimental set up

图4 三种干燥剂涂层的等温吸附曲线（25℃）

Fig.4 Isotherms of the 3 desiccant layers used in experiment (25℃)

图5 三种干燥剂涂层的动态吸附曲线及计算值比较

Fig.5 Dynamic adsorption curves of the 3 desiccant layers and comparison with calculated results

图6 MIL-101(Cr)与硅胶-氯化锂干燥剂的等温吸附曲线和模拟结果对比

Fig.6 Adsorption isotherms and simulation result of MIL-101 and silica gel-LiCl composite

图7 MIL-101(Cr)、前推曲线和后推曲线的吸附特性曲线以及模拟结果对比

Fig.7 Characteristic adsorption curves and simulation result of MIL-101, forward curve and backward curve

图8 双盐复合干燥剂阶跃压力变化[24]

Fig.8 Adsorption isotherms of binary salts comprised adsorption[24]

图9 不同金属有机骨架材料的阶跃压力[29-32]

Fig.9 Adsorption isotherms of different MOFs[29-32]

参考文献 32

1	Wang X K. Heat/energy recovery technologies in buildings[M]//Handbook of Energy Systems in Green Buildings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2018: 885-924.
2	彭作战. 再生式除湿换热器除湿性能研究[D]. 上海: 上海交通大学, 2010.
	Peng Z Z. Study on dehumidification performance of regenerative desiccant heat exchanger[D]. Shanghai: Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 2010.
3	Ge T S, Dai Y J, Wang R Z. Performance study of silica gel coated fin-tube heat exchanger cooling system based on a developed mathematical model[J]. Energy Conversion and Management, 2011, 52: 2329-38.
4	涂耀东, 葛天舒, 王如竹. 吸附除湿换热: 弱关联热质耦合传递过程[J]. 化工学报, 2016, 67(S1): 97-102.
	Tu Y D, Ge T S, Wang R Z. Weak coupled heat and mass transfer on adsorptive heat exchanger[J]. CIESC Journal, 2016, 67(S1): 97-102.
5	涂耀东, 江宇, 葛天舒, 等. 新型固体吸附除湿空调能耗影响因素分析[J]. 化工学报, 2014, 65(S2): 222-227.
	Tu Y D, Jiang Y, Ge T S, et al. Analysis on impact factors of energy consumption of novel solid adsorptive dehumidification air-condition system[J]. CIESC Journal, 2014, 65(S2): 222-227.
6	Hua L J, Ge T S, Wang R Z. Extremely high efficient heat pump with desiccant coated evaporator and condenser [J]. Energy, 2019, 170: 569-579
7	Zheng X, Ge T S, Wang R Z. Recent progress on desiccant materials for solid desiccant cooling systems[J]. Energy, 2014, 74: 280-294.
8	Ge T S, Zhang J Y, Dai Y J, et al. Experimental study on performance of silica gel and potassium formate composite desiccant coated heat exchanger[J]. Energy, 2017, 141: 149-158.
9	Chai S W, Sun X Y, Zhao Y, et al. Experimental investigation on a fresh air dehumidification system using heat pump with desiccant coated heat exchanger[J]. Energy, 2019, 171: 306-314.
10	Mohammed R H, Mesalhy O, Elsayed M L, et al. Performance of desiccant heat exchangers with aluminum foam coated or packed with silica gel[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2020, 166: 114626.
11	Zheng X, Ge T S, Jiang Y, et al. Experimental study on silica gel-LiCl composite desiccants for desiccant coated heat exchanger[J]. International Journal of Refrigeration, 2015, 51: 24-32.
12	Jagirdar M, Lee P S. Mathematical modeling and performance evaluation of a desiccant coated fin-tube heat exchanger[J]. Applied Energy, 2018, 212: 401-415.
13	Higashi T, Zhang L, Saikawa M, et al. Theoretical and experimental studies on isothermal adsorption and desorption characteristics of a desiccant-coated heat exchanger[J]. International Journal of Refrigeration, 2017, 84: 228-237.
14	Kubota M, Hanaoka N, Matsuda H, et al. Dehumidification behavior of cross-flow heat exchanger type adsorber coated with aluminophosphate zeolite for desiccant humidity control system[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2017, 122: 618-625.
15	Kummer H, Jeremias F, Warlo A, et al. A functional full-scale heat exchanger coated with aluminum fumarate metal–organic framework for adsorption heat transformation[J]. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 2017, 56(29): 8393-8398.
16	Ge T S, Dai Y J, Wang R Z, et al. Experimental comparison and analysis on silica gel and polymer coated fin-tube heat exchangers[J]. Energy, 2010, 35(7): 2893-2900.
17	Vivekh P, Bui D T, Wong Y, et al. Performance evaluation of PVA-LiCl coated heat exchangers for next-generation of energy-efficient dehumidification[J]. Applied Energy, 2019, 237: 733-750.
18	Vivekh P, Islam M R, Chua K J. Experimental performance evaluation of a composite superabsorbent polymer coated heat exchanger based air dehumidification system[J]. Applied Energy, 2020, 260: 114256.
19	Vivekh P, Bui D T, Kumja M, et al. Theoretical performance analysis of silica gel and composite polymer desiccant coated heat exchangers based on a CFD approach[J]. Energy Conversion and Management, 2019, 187: 423-446.
20	Erkek T U, Gungor A, Fugmann H, et al. Performance evaluation of a desiccant coated heat exchanger with two different desiccant materials[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2018, 143: 701-710.
21	Sing K S W. Reporting physisorption data for gas/solid systems with special reference to the determination of surface area and porosity (Recommendations 1984)[J]. Pure and Applied Chemistry, 1985, 57(4): 603-619.
22	Gordeeva L G, Solovyeva M V, Sapienza A, et al. Potable water extraction from the atmosphere: potential of MOFs[J]. Renewable Energy, 2020, 148: 72-80.
23	《制冷工程设计手册》编写组. 制冷工程设计手册[M]. 北京: 中国建筑工业出版社, 1978: 24.
	Compiling Group of Refrigeration Engineering Design Manual. Refrigeration Engineering Design Manual[M] Beijing: China Architecture Press, 1978: 24.
24	Gordeeva L, Grekova A, Krieger T, et al. Composites “binary salts in porous matrix” for adsorption heat transformation[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2013, 50(2): 1633-1638.
25	傅献彩, 沈文霞, 姚天扬, 等. 物理化学[M]. 5版. 北京: 高等教育出版社, 2005: 323-324.
	Fu X C, Shen W X, Yao T Y, et al. Physical Chemistry [M]. 5th ed. Beijing: Higher Education Press, 2005: 323-324.
26	王毅, 熊启钊, 陈杨, 等. 锆基金属有机骨架材料用于氨吸附性能的研究[J]. 化工学报, 2022, 73(4): 1772-1780.
	Wang Y, Xiong Q Z, Chen Y, et al. Research on Zr-based metal-organic frameworks for NH₃ adsorption[J]. CIESC Journal, 2022, 73(4): 1772-1780.
27	王结祥, 李洪国, 叶松寿, 等. 卤素负载锌-腺嘌呤骨架材料的构建及无助剂催化CO₂环加成反应[J]. 化工学报, 2021, 72(7): 3686-3695.
	Wang J X, Li H G, Ye S S, et al. Halogen-rich zinc-adeninate framework construction and its catalytic performance on CO₂ cycloaddition without cocatalyst[J]. CIESC Journal, 2021, 72(7): 3686-3695.
28	杨通, 何小波, 银凤翔. M-MOF-74(M=Ni, Co, Zn)的制备及其电化学催化合成氨性能[J]. 化工学报, 2020, 71(6): 2857-2870.
	Yang T, He X B, Yin F X. Preparation of M-MOF-74(M=Ni, Co, Zn) and its performance in electrocatalytic synthesis of ammonia[J]. CIESC Journal, 2020, 71(6): 2857-2870.
29	Wang C X, Hua L J, Yan H Z, et al. A thermal management strategy for electronic devices based on moisture sorption-desorption processes[J]. Joule, 2020, 4(2): 435-447.
30	Furukawa H, Gándara F, Zhang Y B, et al. Water adsorption in porous metal-organic frameworks and related materials[J]. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2014, 136(11): 4369-4381.
31	Reinsch H, Veen M V D, Gil B, et al. Structures, sorption characteristics, and nonlinear optical properties of a new series of highly stable aluminum MOFs[J]. Chemistry of Materials, 2013, 25: 17-26.
32	Towsif Abtab S M, Alezi D, Bhatt P M, et al. Reticular chemistry in action: a hydrolytically stable MOF capturing twice its weight in adsorbed water[J]. Chem, 2018, 4(1): 94-105.

[1]	晁京伟, 许嘉兴, 李廷贤. 基于无管束蒸发换热强化策略的吸附热池的供热性能研究[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(S1): 302-310.
[2]	邹启宏, 李乾, 葛天舒. 基于多目标下的两级并联除湿热泵系统实验研究[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(S1): 265-271.
[3]	杨学金, 杨金涛, 宁平, 王访, 宋晓双, 贾丽娟, 冯嘉予. 剧毒气体PH₃的干法净化技术研究进展[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(9): 3742-3755.
[4]	盛冰纯, 于建国, 林森. 铝基锂吸附剂分离高钠型地下卤水锂资源过程研究[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(8): 3375-3385.
[5]	程小松, 殷勇高, 车春文. 不同工质在溶液除湿真空再生系统中的性能对比[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(8): 3494-3501.
[6]	张瑞航, 曹潘, 杨锋, 李昆, 肖朋, 邓春, 刘蓓, 孙长宇, 陈光进. ZIF-8纳米流体天然气乙烷回收工艺的产品纯度关键影响因素分析[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(8): 3386-3393.
[7]	高燕, 伍鹏, 尚超, 胡泽君, 陈晓东. 基于双流体喷嘴的磁性琼脂糖微球的制备及其蛋白吸附性能探究[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(8): 3457-3471.
[8]	陈吉, 洪泽, 雷昭, 凌强, 赵志刚, 彭陈辉, 崔平. 基于分子动力学的焦炭溶损反应及其机理研究[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(7): 2935-2946.
[9]	王杰, 丘晓琳, 赵烨, 刘鑫洋, 韩忠强, 许雍, 蒋文瀚. 聚电解质静电沉积改性PHBV抗氧化膜的制备与性能研究[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(7): 3068-3078.
[10]	王新悦, 王俊杰, 曹思贤, 王翠, 李灵坤, 吴宏宇, 韩静, 吴昊. 玻璃内包材界面修饰对机械应力诱导的单克隆抗体聚集体形成的影响[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(6): 2580-2588.
[11]	蔺彩虹, 王丽, 吴瑜, 刘鹏, 杨江峰, 李晋平. 沸石中碱金属阳离子对CO₂/N₂O吸附分离性能的影响[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(5): 2013-2021.
[12]	李辰鑫, 潘艳秋, 何流, 牛亚宾, 俞路. 基于碳微晶结构的炭膜模型及其气体分离模拟[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(5): 2057-2066.
[13]	王蕾, 王磊, 白云龙, 何柳柳. SA膜状锂离子筛的制备及其锂吸附性能[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(5): 2046-2056.
[14]	陈韶云, 徐东, 陈龙, 张禹, 张远方, 尤庆亮, 胡成龙, 陈建. 单层聚苯胺微球阵列结构的制备及其吸附性能[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(5): 2228-2238.
[15]	肖川宝, 李林洋, 刘武锋, 钟年丙, 解泉华, 钟登杰, 常海星. 光催化与离子交换吸附耦合有效去除2，4，6-三氯苯酚[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(4): 1587-1597.